What are the perspective methods of Chinese landscape painting?

Chinese landscape painting composition and framing has a focus perspective, scattered perspective, air perspective, imagery perspective, spatial perspective, visual perspective methods.

I. Focal point perspective:

Focal point perspective is the most commonly used perspective method, which takes a fixed point of view as the center, and arranges the objects in the field of view in accordance with the principle of near big and far small. In Chinese landscape painting, focal perspective is widely used to depict elements such as mountains, rivers, and buildings. Through focal perspective, the painter can create a sense of depth, making the viewer feel that the objects in the picture gradually disappear into the distance.

Scattered-point perspective:

Scattered-point perspective is a perspective method unique to Chinese landscape painting, which is different from focal perspective in that there is no fixed point of view, but rather, the picture is divided into a number of areas, each of which is depicted with a different point of view. This method of perspective makes the picture more free and dynamic, not limited by fixed viewpoints, and better expresses the unique artistic style of Chinese landscape painting.

Third, air perspective:

Air perspective is a way to consider the influence of light and air on vision. In Chinese landscape painting, air perspective is used to express the relationship between distance and nearness and the sense of hierarchy of the landscape. By depicting the changes in light and darkness, the depth of color and the degree of blurring of details in the landscape, it can show the distance and nearness of the objects in the picture and the sense of three-dimensionality.

Fourth, Imagery Perspective:

Imagery perspective is the most flexible perspective method in Chinese landscape painting, which does not rely on fixed viewpoints and perspective laws, but rather composes and frames the scene according to the painter's subjective feelings and expressive intentions. This kind of perspective method emphasizes the subjective feeling and emotional expression of the painter, which makes the picture more expressive and infectious.

Fifth, spatial perspective:

Spatial perspective is a way to express the relationship between near and far and the three-dimensional sense of objects in space by adjusting the position and size of objects in the picture. In Chinese landscape painting, spatial perspective is widely used to depict elements such as mountains and buildings, creating a sense of depth and three-dimensionality by adjusting the size and position of different objects.

Sixth, Visual Perspective:

Visual perspective is a method of expressing the relationship between near and far and the sense of three-dimensionality of an object by adjusting the light and dark, color, lines and other elements of the picture. In Chinese landscape painting, visual perspective is widely used to depict the details and texture of landscapes, showing the layers and three-dimensionality of landscapes by means of changes in light and dark, color shades, and line thickness.