Influence of Temperature on Traditional Dwellings

The wall in the north is thick and the wall in the south is thin.

1. Differences in residential functions

Under the influence of climatic conditions, there are obvious differences in the functions of traditional houses in China. In the cold and dry north, the main function of folk houses is to keep warm. In the warm and rainy south, the main functions of folk houses are sunshade, rain shelter, heat dissipation, ventilation and moisture prevention. Different functions determine the differences in spatial layout and architectural forms of residential buildings in different regions of China.

2. Differences in building density

The building spacing gradually expands from south to north, with high building density in the south and low in the north. Most of the residential buildings in China form a spatial pattern, with the central space gradually shrinking from north to south. Winter is long in the north, and the incident angle of sunlight is small. In order to get sunshine, buildings are spaced apart to avoid mutual shielding, and the windows facing south are large to strive for longer sunshine time. In the south, reduce the distance between buildings and get as much shading space as possible by shading each other. In the middle of the northern quadrangles, the open space where food can be dried has gradually evolved into a narrow hall and patio in the south.

3. The difference of roof slope

Where there is a lot of precipitation, the roof slope is large, which is convenient for drainage; Where there is little precipitation, the roof slope is gentle, which can dry grain. In China, from north to south, the roof gradually becomes steeper, the eaves gradually become wider, and the depth and height of houses gradually increase. The roof in the south has a large slope, which can prevent rainwater from leaking and can be exposed to the sun. The eaves in the south are relatively wide, so you can work, rest, eat and meet people under the eaves. Sunproof and rainproof, bright and cool. The roof in the north has a small slope and weak anti-seepage and heat insulation functions, which can not only save building materials, but also be used as a field for drying crops.