Gulou building structure

Guangyue Building is a street pavilion with four eaves and a ridge crossing, with a height of 33 meters. It consists of a wharf and a four-story main building.

The pier is a regular four-sided platform, made of masonry and 9.38 meters high. The bottom side is 34.43 meters long, and the top side is 365,438+0.93 meters long, with a total area of 65,438+065,438+085.42 square meters, and the points are gradually selected. A semi-coupon arch is arranged in the middle of the east, west, south and north directions of the platform body, and the coupon forms a cross arch in the center of the platform. The four arches are the same, with an average surface width of 5.76 meters and a straight arch foot height of 2.90 meters, rising by 2.88 meters. The threshold above the coupon is called "Civilization" in the south, "Wuding" in the north, "Taiping" in the east and "Xing Li" in the west. On the top of the platform, there are three overlapping eaves tiles with female walls. The height of the wall is1.12m, and the thickness is 0.45m. The south of the building is the highest. There are small arches on both sides of the south arch, which are similar in shape to the middle arch. On the east side, there is a small stone chisel carved with "Fairy Que in Fengcheng" and "Yingzhou in Yuen Long" on the west side, inscribed by An and Zhu respectively. According to historical records, An and Zhu were both from the Qing Dynasty, so it can be seen that these two plaques were later carved during the maintenance of Guangyue Building. The west gate is a fake gate, only in form, in order to match the east gate. The East Gate is the only access to the building, with a width of 3. 14m, a straight arch angle height of 1.75m and a rising height of1.57m. There is also a small ticket in the archway, with a doorway width of1.86m.. There is a room at the entrance, there is a stamp in the east, and the 4 steps are upgraded to the terrace. There is a small window on the south wall of the building for ventilation and lighting. Turn 37th floor northward to the platform, and then rise to15th floor to reach the countertop, 56th floor. Build an open porch in the stairwell to prevent rainwater from invading. Its architectural age seems to be during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. Its position is just on the central axis of the East Building. Because the East Gate is the main avenue, its architecture was added as a symbol. The open porch is five rooms wide and three rooms deep. The width of the bay and the second bay is 2.30 meters, suggesting that it is only 0.67 meters. There are 3 stairwells: Ming and Xiao. An open corridor is formed between the tips, and a sill wall is set between the columns, which can be used for resting when going upstairs. The open porch is not arched, and the roof is single eaves, which is light and lively. At the entrance of the open porch steps, there is a woodcut plaque inscribed by the contemporary calligraphy master Qi Gong, with exquisite font and vigorous brushwork. The countertop is made of masonry, surrounded by women's walls and with drainage channels on both sides.

The main building has four floors, built on a high platform, all made of wood, with a square corridor, 24 meters high, 192 gold pillars and 200 arches. The ground on the first floor is slightly higher than the countertop, square and surrounded by stones. 7 rooms are wide and deep, and the width of the bay is 4.05 meters. The second room and the tip room are smaller than the bay, ranging from 2.79 meters to 2.90 meters. The smallest width, from1.75m to1.89m, is the cloister of the building. The building itself has five rooms wide and deep, with double grooved columns inside and outside and corridors, and the structure is refreshing and clear. ***20 eaves columns a week, with a diameter of 0.60m, all wrapped in brick walls, with a thickness of1.34m. The walls are decorated with red chalk, but there is no painting inside, leaving a bare brick wall. There are two board doors in each bright room, and there is no door decoration. There are four crown needles, with a diamond in the middle and circles on both sides. The floor was opened twice. There is a 12 gold column in the inner groove, with a diameter of 0.60m and painted black. On the north side of the first floor door, there is a Luban shrine on the eaves column, and the golden column is inserted between them. There is a plastic statue of Lu Ban in the niche, and there are small ladders on the left and right for lifting. There is a wooden plaque hanging above the niche, which is very exquisite in workmanship. Pu Jie wrote it in black on a white background. On the golden pillars around the niche, there is an article by Sun Tongfeng, the former county magistrate of Liaocheng, and the couplet of Jiang Weisong's heavy book: "Mount Tai is in the east, the Yellow River is in the west, the moonlight road is infinite, the wine by the railing is infinitely good, and the desk is shooting, with distinct differentiation and outstanding people." On the forehead of the southeast gate on the first floor, there are wooden horizontal plaques hanging on the left and right, with "Tai Daidong coming to make a green screen" in the east and "Universe Wenheng" in the south.

The width and depth of the second floor are still 7 rooms, but the size of the whole room is smaller, ranging from 1. 16 meters to 1.26 meters. In fact, the whole room is a cloister, which is the flat seat part. This floor is divided into four open doors, all of which are straight 3 Doug doors, with square lattice windows on both sides, and a stairwell connecting the upper and lower floors between things. Within a week, the golden pillar was surrounded by wooden walls into a rectangular room, which was divided into large and small rooms. South-facing door in the middle, round windows on the left and right. Looking up, it is an empty well, and you can see four layers of beams. This room was originally used by Wenchang Emperor, hence the name Wenchang Pavilion. It is said that Emperor Qianlong visited Jiangnan seven times, the East six times, Dongchangfu nine times and Guangyue Building five times. He has lived in Wenchang Pavilion for many times and composed three poems for Guangyuelou 13. Therefore, Wenchang Pavilion is also called "Qianlong Palace". On both sides of Wenchang Pavilion, there is a Tibetan couplet inscribed by Feng Zikai, a famous historian and calligrapher: "After the light falls, the wisdom of the working people is infinite; Yuejun Building is a great cultural relic of the motherland Yongchang. " On the second floor, under the four eaves, there are four wooden plaques, 3 meters long and 1.4 meters high. There is a plaque named "Shen Guangzhong" hanging under the eaves in the south, which was inscribed by Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty. The edge is decorated with dragon patterns, imperial seals and gold characters on a blue background. Hanging under the north eaves is the "Guangyue Building" inscribed by Guo Moruo 1974, a famous historian and archaeologist, to commemorate the 600th anniversary of the establishment of Guangyue Building, with black characters on a white background and magnificent momentum. There is a plaque of "Heping Pavilion" hanging under the eaves in the east, which was inscribed by Deng Zhongyue, the top scholar in Liaocheng in the 60th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (172 1). There is a plaque with black characters on a white background under the western eaves, which is the relief of historians in the Qing Dynasty. From the stairs on both sides of the second floor up 16 steps to the third floor. (You can add a black and white photo)

The third floor is the dark floor, which is actually the structural floor of the building. 12 Huang Jinzhu and 20 eaves columns from bottom to top are connected into a whole by means of cross bars and beams, which is more solid and stable, so the third floor is also the main frame of the building. This floor is five rooms wide and deep. The upper end between the golden column and the eaves column is a beam frame, which runs through the second floor, so there are only three floors of underground buildings. "Be careful of the room" means that the center of the building is an empty well with railings around it. There is a prominent rolling brake at the top of the cylinder. This example is consistent with the "architectural style" of the Song Dynasty. The eaves are connected with arches, beams intersect with columns, beams intersect with beams, and the structure is compact and dense, which fully embodies architecture, aesthetics, mechanics and technology in this building. From north to south, the third floor goes up 13 steps to the fourth floor.

The fourth floor is the highest floor of the building, with 28 columns, 3 in width and 3 in depth, and the plane is square, which is suddenly smaller than the following floors. The width of the bright room is 5.66 meters, which is larger than other floors. The purpose is to lengthen the transverse ridge, improve the center of gravity of Guangyue Building and make its appearance more magnificent. The open room has six windows, and the second room is equipped with round windows with ice patterns. There is an empty well in the middle, surrounded by railings. The roof is a cross roof, the lotus column is hung in the center of the roof, and eight inclined ridges are placed on three beams and corner beams respectively. The roof of the building is a Xieshan cross roof, and a flower-piercing iron gourd with a height of 3 meters and a diameter of 1.5 meters is installed in the center of the roof.