A comparison between Confucius and Mencius and Laozi and Zhuangzi's thoughts and their influence on ancient literati.

Comparison between (1) hole and old one. Confucius and Mencius are masters and representatives of Confucianism, while Laozi and Zhuangzi are masters and representatives of Taoism. As a sage of Confucianism, Confucius and Mencius set up an image of a moral (ethical) master for later generations, with perfect moral personality, taking saving the world and the people as his own responsibility, full of ideals, and inculcating others until death do us part. Lao Zi and Zhuangzi, as the supreme figures of Taoism, set up the images of masters of wisdom (Lao Zi) and art (Zhuangzi) for later generations. They have a high degree of understanding and thinking ability, take tranquility and indifference as their ethics, are indifferent to the world, yearn for self-satisfaction and follow nature.

(2) Comparison of human nature theory. The Confucian theory of human nature includes Mencius' theory of good nature, Gou Zi's theory of evil nature, Dong Zhongshu's theory of three natures, Yang's theory of mixed good and evil, his theory of spiritual nature and his theory of being good at learning and being able to do things. The similarity between the two lies in that they both emphasize the acquired moral education and think that human nature cannot be perfect without the modification of rites and music.

(3) Comparison of life theories. Confucian outlook on life takes the achievement and redemption of moral personality as its value orientation. The outstanding figure of Confucianism is a man with lofty ideals, and the typical figure of Taoism is a hermit.

(4) Comparison of thinking methods. Confucianism is good at learning, while Taoism is good at learning.

(5) comparison of governing the country. Confucianism emphasizes doing something, while Taoism advocates doing nothing.

(6) Comparison of theoretical tendencies. The focus of Confucianism is social life. This paper expounds how to be a man and how to deal with interpersonal relationships, which is also the proper meaning of being a man. Therefore, philosophy of life and ethical thoughts are developed, philosophy, ethics and politics are in a trinity state, and the theory determines the characteristics of Confucianism, so Confucian philosophy can be called ethical philosophy.

(7) Comparison of temperament and demeanor. The difference between Confucianism and Taoism is helpful to synthesize the difference of intangible mental outlook as a whole. It seems that the atmosphere of great Confucianism can be expressed in four words: "integrity", more specifically, it is noble moral character, kindness and affinity, courtesy and integrity, reverence for reason, calmness and moderation, harmony without difference, and abuse of power for personal gain.

Confucianism and Taoism have interdependent communication basis. The unity of Confucianism and Taoism is manifested in the following aspects. First, the * * * same sex in ideological views. Both Confucianism and Taoism believe that man and nature are one, and that human beings come from and depend on nature to survive. The two are closely related. People should cherish the natural environment and resources, and don't destroy the harmony between man and nature.

The Influence of Confucianism and Taoism on Ancient Scholars in China

Facing the real society, Confucianism tries to explore a way to transform the objective world, even if it is personal self-cultivation, and ultimately it is to rule the country and level the world.

In real society, people often use words such as "negative" and "world-weariness" to describe Taoist philosophy of life. Actually, there are some misunderstandings here. As long as we go deep into the profound philosophy of life of Taoism, we will not rashly use words such as "negative" and "world-weariness".

Scholars in China are deeply influenced by Confucianism and Taoism. Confucianism advocates actively using the world, while Taoism advocates passively avoiding the world. These two thoughts are contradictory, intertwined and struggling in the minds of scholars of past dynasties. The so-called "wealth is beneficial to the world, and poverty is immune to it" is such a helpless choice.

Be a man with the attitude of being born, do things with the attitude of joining the WTO, be quiet, indifferent, happy and comfortable; Do things meticulously and strive for perfection.