Why is Xiao Hong called "one of the three most talented women of the 20th century"?

In the history of modern Chinese novels, Xiao Hong has broken the single narrative mode of traditional novels, created a fringe genre between novels, essays and poems, and formed a unique "Xiao Hong style" with her unique unconventional language, autobiographical narrative method, non-plot structure and poetic style. "

This style of novel is a unique style of novel.

The development path of this novel genre is the prose culture of modern Chinese novels, which realizes the articulation and inheritance of literary history from one aspect, and communicates modern and traditional literature in terms of aesthetic consciousness. More accurately, it is to realize a new docking between the elegant part of traditional literature, poetry and prose, and the part of modern literature that has replaced poetry and become the main body, the novel. It is this docking that has created the most vital content in modern literature.

Xiao Hong with her own tragic life, the sense of the development of this genre of fiction is the development of modern Chinese novels of the prose culture, from one aspect of the literary history of articulation, succession, in the aesthetic sense of communication between modern literature and traditional literature. More accurately, it is to realize a new docking between the elegant part of traditional literature, poetry and prose, and the part of modern literature that has replaced poetry and become the main body, the novel. It is this docking that has created the most vital content in modern literature.

Xiao Hong, with her own tragic life, feelings and life experience, looks at the life form and survival situation of the vernacular society she is familiar with, exposes and criticizes the weaknesses of the national nature, and writes about the tragedy of human beings, the tragedy of women, and the tragedy of human life in general, so that her novels acquire a strong and deep tragic meaning and unique and rich cultural connotation.

Xiao Hong's novels have distinctive stylistic features, creating a scenic novel structure. The series of essays Shangshijie was criticized as "incomprehensible" when it was published, because Xiao Hong used many techniques of novels, and such a form of writing was exceptionally novel in the 1930s, which was stylistically closer to novels, but it was also "an uncompromising record of life" (Xiao Jun's Shangshi Street). "

In the 1930s, this form of writing was unusually novelistic.

In the history of modern Chinese novels, from Shang Shi Jie, The Field of Life and Death to Hulan He Zhuan, Xiao Hong broke the single narrative mode of traditional novels, created a fringe genre between novels, essays and poems, and formed a unique " Xiao Hong Style" novel text with her unique unconventional language, autobiographical narrative method, non-plotting structure and poetic style. Xiao Hong's novel style.

The development path of this novel genre is the loose culture of modern Chinese novels, which realizes the articulation and continuity of literary history in one aspect, and communicates modern literature and traditional literature in terms of aesthetic consciousness. More accurately, it is to realize a new docking between the elegant part of traditional literature, poetry and prose, and the part of modern literature that has replaced poetry and become the main body, the novel. It is this docking that has created the most vital content in modern literature.

Xiao Hong, with her own tragic life, feelings and life experience, looks at the life form and survival situation of the vernacular society she is familiar with, exposes and criticizes the weaknesses of the national nature, and writes about the tragedy of human beings, the tragedy of women, and the tragedy of human life in general, so that her novels acquire a strong and deep tragic meaning and unique and rich cultural connotation.

Xiao Hong's novels have unconventional stylistic language, which is poetic, straightforward and natural. Xiao Hong's creations mostly have the color of self-narrative biography. She does not write according to the rules of normal human thinking, but uses an extremely natural and unfamiliar language to describe everything she is familiar with. Xiao Hong's unconventional use of language is both fresh and rusty, and at the same time straightforward and natural.

The frankness of Xiao Hong's language is firstly manifested in her frankness, and her unadorned language depiction of the poetic world when she looks at the world with her unique childlike mind. The use of this unconventional language is becoming more and more mature in Xiao Hong's later creations. The spring sunshine of March in On the Oxcart, the flowers of June in The Back Garden, and the early spring fields in March in a Small Town are all the world in the eyes of a child, naturally formed, and the characters and scenery are not bound by the old forms.

At the same time, this frank language and show the characteristics of nature, she wrote the characters from the life of the distillation, living, no matter whether it is sad or happy can make readers produce **** song. Because of the bluntness, without pretense, pretense, it is more natural and simple, blunt and natural, these two characteristics naturally become one. This language is not deliberately carved traces, natural, contains a childish simplicity of beauty, a unique and mellow mood, thus becoming an important feature of the "Xiao Hong body" novel narrative style.

Xiao Hong is a female writer with a unique artistic style, with her works of sadness and happiness mixed emotional tone, strong and soft language style, as well as the use of a unique writing perspective and the handling of the structure of the line, in the history of literature is unique. Xiao Hong is a typical character of a young woman, who loves to toss and turn, and is unwilling to keep her job. Her life in general is miserable, short-lived, poor, and busy, and she left home at the age of nineteen, and never looked back, and only went back once in the middle of the journey.

Reference:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Xiao Hong

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Author's Biography of Xiao Hong in 50 Words

Xiao Hong was a famous modern Chinese female writer.She was born in Hulan County, Heilongjiang Province, on June 2, 1911, and died in Hong Kong on January 22, 1942, after a long illness. Her original name was Zhang Naiying, and she was known by her pen names Xiao Hong and Quiet Yin. Having lost her mother at a young age and her father's violent character, she only enjoyed a little human warmth from her aged grandfather, and her lonely childhood formed the lonely, sensitive, reserved and stubborn side of Xiao Hong's character. In 1927, Xiao Hong went to Harbin to attend middle school, where she came into contact with progressive ideas and Chinese and foreign literature since the May Fourth Movement, and developed a strong interest in painting and literature. Due to dissatisfaction with feudal families and arranged marriages, she left home in the fall of 1930, and was displaced for several years. she lived with Xiao Jun in the fall of 1932, and met some progressive cultural figures, and began to write literature in 1933, and in October of the same year, she self-published her first collection, Trekking, with Xiao Jun.

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Biography of Writer Xiao Hong

Xiao Hong (1911-1942) is a modern Chinese female writer, one of the "Four Great Talents of the Republic of China", and known as the "Literature of the 1930s". Xiao Hong (1911-1942) was a modern Chinese writer, one of the "Four Great Talents of the Republic of China". Her birth name was Ronghua, and her school name was Zhang Xiuhuan, which was later changed to Zhang Ying by her maternal grandfather. She was known by her pen names Xiao Hong, Quiet Yin, Ling Ling, and Tian Di. [She was born in 1911 in Hulan District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, into a feudal landlord's family, and lost her mother at an early age. 1932, she met Xiao Jun. 1933, she published her first novel Outcasts under the pen name of Quiet Yin, and in 1935, with Lu Xun's support, she published her most famous work, The Field of Life and Death. 1936, she traveled eastward to Japan, and wrote prose essays such as A Lonely Life and a long group of poems such as Grain of Sand. 1940, she met with Duanmu Honghong, and later with her grandfather, Zhang Xiaohong, and her father, Zhang Xiuhuan, and later changed her pen name to Lingling, Tian Di. In 1940, he arrived in Hong Kong with Duanmu Hongliang, and then published the middle-grade novel Ma Bolei and the full-length novel Legend of the Hulan River, etc. On January 22, 1942, he died in Hong Kong at the age of 31 due to tuberculosis and malignant tracheal dilatation. [1]

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Biography of the author (Xiao Hong)

Xiao Hong (June 1, 1911 - January 22, 1942) was a famous modern Chinese female writer. A native of Hulan County, Heilongjiang Province (now Hulan District, Harbin City), Xiao Hong was originally known as Zhang Xiaoying. Xiao Hong was the pen name she used when she published The Field of Life and Death, as well as her other pen names, such as Quiet Yin, Ling Ling, and Tian Di. Known as the "Literary Goddess of the Thirties", Xiao Hong is the most miserable woman among the Four Great Talents of the Republic of China, and also a legendary figure. She has the same life experience as the female lyricist Li Qingzhao, and has been in the midst of extreme hardships and difficulties, which can be said to be more unfortunate among the unfortunate. However, she faced the whole world with a weak and sickly body, and in the disaster of the nation, she experienced the experience of rebellion, awakening and resistance, and fought with destiny again and again. Although her works do not directly describe her experiences, they add a layer of deep understanding of human nature and society on the basis of women's awareness. She takes "the ignorance of mankind" and "transforming the souls of the people" as her artistic pursuit, and in her "relentless dissection of traditional consciousness and cultural mentality, she appeals to the spirit of democracy and the sense of individuality". ". Xiao Hong's life is a life of not bowing down to fate, struggling and fighting in the midst of suffering. It should be said that what directly affected her fate and triggered her to start her literary creation was the appearance of Xiao Jun and his entry into her life. June 1, 1911 (the fifth day of the fifth lunar month), Xiao Hong was born in Hulan County, a feudal landlord family. Distant ancestor Zhang Dai, in the Qianlong period from Shandong Province, Dongchangfu Xin County fled to the northeast, to Xiao Hong's grandfather Zhang Weizhen generation only from the A County Fuchang No. Tun moved to Hulan. Xiao Hong's father, Zhang Tingju, graduated from the Heilongjiang Provincial Superior Normal School in his early years, and served as an official for a long time, with a strong feudal ruling class ideology. His indifference to Xiao Hong prompted Xiao Hong to eventually take the path of betraying her landlord family. His mother, Jiang Yulan, had one daughter and three sons, Xiao Hong being the first child.In August 1919, his mother died after a long illness. In December of the same year, his father, Zhang Tingju, remarried, and his stepmother, Liang Yalan, was generally affectionate towards Xiao Hong's siblings. Xiao Hong was named Ronghua (荣华) and Xiuhuan (秀环), then renamed Naiying (乃莹) by her grandfather. She was y loved by her grandfather, Zhang Weizhen, who often took her to the back garden to play. Due to her grandfather's education based on ancient poems, Xiao Hong had a good foundation in literature since she was a child. In 1920, Xiao Hong entered Hulan County No. 2 Elementary School for girls, and in 1924, she was promoted to County No. 1 Elementary School. She studied hard and achieved good grades, especially in composition, and in 1925, after the tragedy of "May 30", Hulan County also set off an anti-imperialist and patriotic fervor, Xiao Hong took part in the student movement for the first time, marching and demonstrating on the streets in solidarity with the patriotic struggles of the workers and students in Shanghai. During Xiao Hong's elementary school years, her father arranged for her to be betrothed to Wang Enjia, the son of Wang Tinglan, a member of the Hulan garrison. Xiao Hong graduated from elementary school in 1926, but due to her father's obstruction and forced marriage, she could not continue her secondary school education and dropped out of school. After a year of tenacious resistance, her father was forced to compromise. In the fall of 1927, Xiao Hong was admitted to the First Girls' High School of the East Special District of Harbin. In the "East Special District Girls' High School No. 1", Xiao Hong not only liked painting, but also widely read Chinese and foreign literature, the school magazine published her signature quietly lyric poems.In the winter of 1927, Harbin Students' Union organized a march against Japan's construction of railroads in the northeast of the country, and the students were in high spirits, and petitioned for the construction of railroads in the north-east of the country. Xiao Hong was firm and brave in this anti-Japanese patriotic movement, and always stood at the forefront of the struggle. When her grandfather died in 1929, Xiao Hong was very sad because he was the closest person to her. After the death of her grandfather, she had no feelings or attachment to her family. In the fall of 1930, Xiao Hong graduated from junior high school. Despite her family's opposition, she traveled to Beiping with the help of her cousin Lu Zhenshun and enrolled in the secondary school of the Women's Teacher's University. Because of the lack of family support, life soon fell into a predicament. In January 1931, Xiao Hong left Peking during her winter vacation and returned to Hulan, where she was placed under house arrest. At the end of February of the same year, Xiao Hong went to Peking again, and soon her fiancé, Wang Enjia, chased her to Peking, and by mid-March, Xiao Hong left Peking with her fiancé to return to Harbin. At this time, Wang Enjia's brother Wang Dacheng dissatisfied with Xiao Hong went to Peking to study, on behalf of his brother broke off the marriage contract with Xiao Hong, triggering Xiao Hong's dissatisfaction, Xiao Hong to the court sued Wang Dacheng. During the trial, Wang Enjia admitted that it was his own idea to break off the engagement and had nothing to do with his brother, taking into account his brother's reputation. Xiao Hong lost the case and returned to Hulan, then moved with her family to Fuchang Hutun in Acheng County (now Democracy Township, Daowai District, Harbin City) and was forced to isolate herself from the outside world. This life in Fuchang Hutun provided a lot of material for Xiao Hong's later literary creation, and some of her novels and essays were written with this place as the background. In October 1931, Xiao Hong fled from Fuchang Hutun to Harbin via Acheng. A month later, in a desperate and desperate situation, she went to live with Wang Enjia at the Dongxingshun Hotel on 16th Road Street in Daowai. Half a year later, Xiao Hong pregnant, near the time of labor, Wang Enjia but do not know where to go. Xiao Hong trapped in the hotel, the situation is difficult, had to write to the Harbin "International Association" deputy editor Pei Xinyuan help, Pei Xinyuan and Meng Xi, Shu Qun and other young people of literature has to visit Xiao Hong hotel, Pei Xinyuan sent Xiao Jun to the hotel to send books to Xiao Hong, the two fell in love at first sight, love each other. On the night of August 7, 1932, the Songhua River broke its embankment, flooding the city, Xiao Hong was able to leave the hotel, out of trouble, to Pei Xinyuan's home to live temporarily. Soon she was admitted to the hospital to give birth, and the child was given away because she could not afford to raise it. After being discharged from the hospital, Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun lived in the Europa Hotel on Daoli New Town Street (now Daoli Shangzhi Street), and began to **** with life. Because there is no fixed income, the two only rely on Xiao Jun as a tutor and borrowing debt to survive, life is very difficult. But they were in trouble with ****, affectionate. In November 1932, Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun moved from the Europa Hotel to No. 25 Shangshi Street in Daoli (now No. 25 Hongxia Street in Daoli District), and had their own home. In March 1933, Xiao Hong participated in an exhibition of relief paintings organized by Jin Jianxiao, a member of the C*** Party, and displayed two of her chalk paintings. Meanwhile, under the influence of Xiao Jun, Xiao Hong began to engage in literary creation. On May 21, 1933, she wrote her first short story, The Death of Sister-in-law Wang. The work angrily complained about the cruel exploitation and oppression of the peasants by the landlords through describing the tragedy of Mrs. Wang's family. After the publication of this novel, she published novels and essays under the pen name of Quiet Yin, such as Watching a Kite, Bandages on the Legs, The Lady and the Watermelon, Little Black Dog, and The Mid-Autumn Festival, and embarked on a journey of literature from then on. The "Altair Place" was the residence of painter Feng Yongqiu, named for the petunias planted in the courtyard, a bungalow located on Shui Dao Street (present-day Zhaolin Street in Daoli). Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun often came here to attend gatherings of left-wing cultural figures, including Luo Feng, Bai Lang, Jin Jianxiao, Shu Qun and others. Through contact with them, Xiao Hong broadened her horizons, increased her knowledge of literature, and was also influenced by the patriotic and progressive ideas of some *** Party members. Xiao Hong also actively participated in social activities, and worked with Xiao Jun, Bai Lang, Shu Qun and others as actors in the anti-Japanese performance group "Star Theater Troupe" to support the anti-Japanese resistance with practical actions. The troupe was disbanded before the public performance because it attracted the attention of the enemy and pseudo secret services. In August, 1933, Night Whistle, a literary weekly of Changchun Datong Newspaper, was founded and Xiao Hong, as a main contributor, published Two Frogs, Mute Elderly Man, Night Breeze, On the Road in the Morning, and August Day in the Night Whistle. In October, Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun co-authored a collection of novels and essays called Trekking, which was published in Harbin at her own expense with the help of Shu Qun, a member of the C*** Party, and others. Xiao Hong signed her name as Quiet Yin, and Xiao Jun signed his name as Sanlang. The publication of Trekking caused a great stir in the Northeast and was widely praised by readers, and laid a solid foundation for Xiao Hong to continue to engage in literary creation. Most of the works in Trek exposed the darkness of the society under the Japanese rule and glorified the awakening and resistance of the people, which had a distinctive color of realism and progress, and aroused the suspicion of the secret service. In order to avoid persecution, Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun, with the help of the underground party organizations in China, fled Harbin in June 1934 and arrived in Qingdao by ship via Dalian. In Qingdao, they stayed in No. 1 Guanxiang Yi Road with the Shu Qun family, who had arrived here first. Xiao Jun was the editor-in-chief of Qingdao Morning Post, and Xiao Hong concentrated her efforts on writing diligently and soon finished her famous middle grade novel "The Field of Life and Death". In the meantime, they got in touch with Mr. Lu Xun in Shanghai and received Lu Xun's guidance and encouragement. Due to the tense situation in Qingdao, the underground party organization was seriously damaged, Shu Qun was arrested, and Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun were in danger. in October 1934, they left Qingdao to go to Shanghai, where they lived on the second floor of a building in Fu Xian Fang on Radu Road. Mr. Lu Xun was very concerned about their life, thinking and writing after their arrival in Shanghai, but because of the dangerous environment and the cruel and complicated struggle at that time, they could not meet each other, so they had to contact each other through letters. Mr. Lu Xun wrote to them many times, expressing great concern, giving them great spiritual encouragement and showing them the direction. On November 30, 1934, Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun met with Mr. Lu Xun for the first time at the Nei Shan Bookstore. They introduced to Mr. Lu Xun the situation of the struggle in the Northeast and their own encounters, and Mr. Lu Xun also told them about the situation of the struggle in Shanghai as well as the situation in the literary and art circles, and agreed to recommend their works for publication. At the parting, in order to solve their living difficulties, Mr. Lu Xun gave them some money and asked his wife Xu Guangping to bring back Xiao Hong's manuscripts. This meeting with Mr. Lu Xun was of great significance to Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun. It not only deepened the mutual understanding between them and Mr. Lu Xun, laid a deep emotional foundation, but also enabled them to get Lu Xun's attentive guidance from Lu Xun to learn how to be a person and do academic work, paving the way for the future foothold in Shanghai and engage in literary creation. On December 19th, Lu Xun invited guests at Liangyuan Yu Cuisine Restaurant, and specially introduced Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun to left-wing writers such as Mao Dun, Nie Konyu, Ye Zi and Hu Feng. These people later became Xiao Hong's good friends and had a certain influence on her creation and life. Soon, Ye Zi, Xiao Hong and Xiao Jun formed a partnership under the support of Lu Xun. 1911, born in Hulan District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, a landowner's family, lost his mother at an early age. 1932, met Xiao Jun. 1933, published his first novel "Abandoned Children" under the pen name of "Quiet Yin".