Traditional village Qu Di village

The area where the vassals fought against the enemy on their own territory was called "scattered land". Entering an area not far from other countries is called "light land". A region is beneficial after our army's occupation, and it is also beneficial after the enemy's occupation, which is called "land struggle". An area where our army can go and the enemy can come is called "handing over land". At the junction of vassal states, when you arrive first, the area where you can make friends with more vassal states around you and get more help is called "Qu Di". An area where the enemy-occupied area is far away and there are many enemy cities behind it is called an important place.

Mountains, forests, shady villages, water networks, swamps and other areas that are difficult to walk and pass through are called "Nidi". The approach is narrow and dangerous, and the retreat is far away. An area where the enemy can attack most of our troops with a small number of troops is called a "fenced area". You can survive if you fight bravely and quickly, and the area that will perish if you don't work hard is called "death".

On "scattered land", it is not easy to fight; In the "land of light", it is not advisable to stay long. Don't attack the occupied enemy first in the "land battle"; In the "handover": we should strengthen the ties between troops; Do not cut before and after; On "Qu Di", it is necessary to strengthen diplomatic activities and quickly make good friends with vassal States; While going deep into "important places", we should pay attention to plundering grain, grass and materials; If you are in a "bad place", you should pass quickly; If you fall into the "enclosure", you must plan the risks skillfully; When it comes to "death", it is necessary to fight to the death.

Case:

In 755, An Lushan rebelled against the Tang Dynasty. Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, ignored the enemy. In the battle of Lingbao, he forced Ge, the commander in chief, to make a strategic counterattack prematurely and was lured into the "fenced area" by an army, which led to failure, which was an example of violating the operational principles.

When An Lushan captured Luoyang, it threatened Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty. However, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was eager to counter-insurgency, overestimated his own strength, and, under the circumstances that the conscription of all parties had not yet been assembled and the combat effectiveness was weak, he ignored the advice of the head coach Ge, "retreat to Tongguan, wait for the soldiers to be weak, and then counterattack" and ordered an attack as soon as possible.

So, Tang Jun entered Lingbao from Tongguan and met An Jun. It is surrounded by mountains in the south, the Yellow River in the north and a narrow pass more than 70 miles long in the middle. Fighting here is a taboo for military strategists.

An Jun deliberately arranged a disheveled army in front and ambushed the main force on the narrow road. Tang Jun thought that he was outnumbered and unguarded, and rushed into the narrow path. This is, An Jun dropped wood and stone from a height, and Tang Jun was trapped in a narrow road, and his troops could not be put to good use. He was in a dilemma and suffered heavy casualties.

An Jun took the opportunity to attack from the rear of Tang Jun, causing Tang Jun to stop and run, trampling and fleeing, and countless people fell into the Yellow River. At this point, An Jun attacked all fronts, and hundreds of Tang Jun were almost wiped out. Geshuhan was captured and Tongguan fell. An Jun pushed westward and occupied Chang 'an. Tang Xuanzong fled to Sichuan.

Tongguan terrain is dangerous, easy to defend but difficult to attack. It is also a natural barrier in Chang 'an, and it is a "land struggle" of "I have Peter". However, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty did not understand the art of war, which led to Tang Jun's failure in the "enclosure" and the "land struggle", which led to a fiasco. This is a historical lesson worthy of warning.

Extended data

Sun Tzu's Art of War, also known as Sun Wu's Art of War, Sun Tzu's Art of War, Sun Tzu's Art of War and Sun Wu's Art of War, is the earliest existing military works in China and the earliest military works in the world. It is about 2300 years earlier than clausewitz's On War, and is known as the "sacred book of military science".

Sun Tzu's Art of War is a brilliant treasure in China's ancient military cultural heritage and an important part of excellent traditional culture. Its content is profound, its thought is profound, and its logic is rigorous, which is the concentrated embodiment of the essence of ancient military thought.

Sun Tzu's Art of War is regarded as a classic of military strategists. It has a history of 2500 years and has been studied in all dynasties. Li Shimin said, "Look at the art of war, there is no Sun Wu". Sun Tzu's art of war is a strategy, and strategy is not a trick, but a great strategy and great wisdom. Today, Sun Tzu's art of war has gone global. It has also been translated into many languages and occupies an important position in the world military history.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-sun Tzu's art of war