What are the performance characteristics of Lu Opera?

Lu Opera performance, the local flavor is strong, especially the small opera, singing from the folk songs, singing and dancing, lively. With the Hui Opera and Beijing Opera once after the class, many absorbed, enriched the performance program. The singing voice is divided into two parts: the main tune and the flower tune.

The main tune is the main singing of the folding and the present opera, and there are "two cool", "cold" and "three seven" sung by Dan and the youngest student. The old man sings "positive tone", "sad tone"; the old Dan sings "positive tone", "sad tone".

The "Duan Gong Tune" sung by Lao Sheng and Lao Dan; the "Chou Tune" sung by Chou and Caidan. As well as the gods and ghosts appear with the "God tone", "ghosts" and so on. The main singing voice has changes such as searching for boards, wiping the corners, stretching the cavity, connecting the words, cutting the boards, and the size of the stage. When the board is down, it is often used to help the voice, and it is called "inviting the stage" when the stage is full of people singing together.

Floral cadences are mostly folk songs and ditties, commonly used in three small plays, lively and healthy, with more than 40 kinds, most of which are specialized for special plays. Most of them are used exclusively for special operas, and most of them are colorful, originating from folk songs and ditties.

As for the type of flower accent, there are mainly three kinds: First, the special tunes for small plays, such as "discussing money", "playing mulberry tune", "picking tea tune", First, the special tunes for small operas, such as "Hitting the Long Worker", "Selling Threads and Yarns", "Spotting Barley", and "Cursing Chickens", "persuade gambling tune", "pick sand tune", "sell orchids tune" and so on.

Secondly, the special tunes for folded or sung sections, such as "Three Catch Tunes" and "Walking Tunes", etc. Thirdly, the tunes are used in the repertoire. Third, in the repertoire used as an interlude, such as "White Lanterns" in the "cut flower tune", "Meng Jiangnu" in the "Four Seasons tune", "Nine Sikong" in the "playing cards tune" and so on. In addition, there are ghosts and gods sing "God tune", "ghost pair".

There are 13 half-rhymes in the rhyme scheme. 13 rhymes are Heart, Pasha, Panlan, Brewing River, Iron Blood, Catch Sue, Sorrow, Tien Hsien, Pai Lai, Shak Sai, Jiao Liao, Pang Sung and Pei Grey. Half a rhyme is called a wrong rhyme, also called a flower rhyme, that is, words with similar rhymes can be used alternatively when they have no choice.

Speaking of white is divided into "small white" and "rhyme white". The "small white" is similar to the language of life. The "rhyme" is the rhythmization of the language of life, with a small voice at the end of the sentence. The recitation of "poems and quotes" is in between the recitation and singing, and tends to be rhythmized. The language is Hefei dialect, popular and natural.

The singing of Lu Opera has several obvious features: first, the melody sung in falsetto, called small voice; second, the singing of the help yell stage, that is, when the actors on the stage sang to a certain point, the actors from the scene and the backstage sang in unison to help the singing, high-pitched and expansive, to accentuate the drama, rendering the atmosphere of the stage. Its local flavor is very strong and its style is clear.

The performance of Lu Opera is plain and lively, simple and real. The percussion is very rich, almost a kind of theater a set of gongs and drums, and its body dance is also carried out in the sound of gongs and drums.

When they sing, they usually stand and sing, and then do some small expression movements, and the big dance movements are after singing a section, and then dance with the accompaniment of percussion instruments.

Lu Opera was originally accompanied only by gongs and drums, so it was called "playing gong cavity". Later, after continuous development and growth, a variety of instruments appeared, there are large gongs, small gongs, drums, drums, cymbals. The playing of the gongs is known as the starting board, the falling board, the supporting cadence, and the interlude. Drums and gongs are used for dances, stances, martial arts and sound effects.

The gongs and drums are known as the "starting gong", the "big overstage", the "small overstage", and the "big cut", "small cuts", "wipe the corner", "a dragon", "sighing gongs", "sweeping the head", "a dragon", "a dragon", "a dragon", "a dragon", "a dragon", "a dragon" and "a dragon". "Sweeping the Head", "Bitter Skin", "Sweet Skin", "Yin Shi Gong", "Old Eight", "New Eight". ", "New Bazi" and so on.

To emphasize the plot and render the mood of the characters, it all depends on the rhythm of the gongs and drums, and the changes in the rhythm of the gongs and drums. The proverb says: "two beatings and three singings", "full of gongs and drums, half of the theater".

In the drama reform, due to the transplantation of other kinds of drama and repertoire, and gradually learn, absorb and use the performance skills of other kinds of drama, so that the performance art of Lu Opera is gradually enriched.

Lu opera performance tradition, also accumulated some simple program action, pay attention to portraying characters, performance of vernacular, and even to the son, Miss, officials, nobility also to the peasant's intention to re-imagine, which is the basic characteristics of the performance tradition of the Lu opera.

There are also many stunts to show blood in color. There are dry color, water color. Such as "Shang Lin to heaven" spit blood out of color. Xu Shilin Sacrifice Pagoda", both eyes out of color, the death of the seven orifices of blood, both eyes, nostrils, mouth to color.

Ghosts come out of the forehead inserted in the seal, the left side of the role of the student inserted a lock, the Dan role on both sides of the insertion of double locks. When walking on the field, hands down, footsteps light, such as the wind rotation, so-called "ghost pusher".

Performing plays such as "The White Knife" and "The Sun-dried Skirt", a high pole is buried on the side of the stage, and the clowns, in a panic, climb up the pole and perform tricks such as pulling a flag with the wind, hanging upside down from a golden hook, and floating on the water in an octopus, which is known as "climbing up the pole".

The traditional repertoire of Lu Opera is divided into three categories, namely, flower opera, folding opera and this opera. Flower cavity drama to reflect the working people's life and love as the main content, there are also some satirical comedy and farce.

For example, "Selling Thread and Yarn", "Putting Parrot", "Going up the Bamboo Mountain", "Borrowing Wife", "Cursing Chicken", etc. In addition, some of them reflect the life and love of laborers in the late Qing Dynasty. In addition, there are some reflecting the end of the Qing Dynasty people's struggle for life temporary plays, such as "playing the smoke lamp" and "down the Guangdong" and so on.

Folding plays are mostly the "guts" extracted from this play, such as "Pounding Pine" in "Zhang Sister's Trouble in Tokyo", "Breaking the Curtain" in "Liang Zhuhu", "Zhang Taihe's Repudiation of his Wife" in "The Tale of the Blue Shirt", and "Teaching the Children" in "The Tale of the Three Elements", etc. Some of the plays reflect the people's struggle at the end of the Qing Dynasty.

Some of them, though from Hui Opera, Peking Opera or other kinds of operas, have been performed in the countryside for a long time by Lu Opera artists, and the characters, feelings and languages of the people in the dramas are reshaped, enriched and deepened from the perspective of the farmers who are the main audience, thus carrying a strong flavor of life and vernacular characteristics.

The play is mainly about family tragedies, love and public cases. In addition to the unique "Chai Axe Story", "Handkerchief Story", "Drought Story", "River God", etc., most of them are transplanted and adapted from Ming and Qing Dynasty legends, drums and other plays.

Such as "colorful building with", "Pipa", "medicine tea", "Meng Jiangnu", "Tianbao Tu" and so on. Overall, the representative repertoire of Lu Opera includes "Li Qingzhao" and "Huu Dingxiang".

"Li Qingzhao" is about what happened in the Southern Song Dynasty. In the fall of 1129, Zhao Mingcheng died in the city of Jiankang, leaving behind half a volume of Jinshi Lu and a hall full of antiques. After the burial, Li Qingzhao was very sick. The royal physician Wang wanted to buy antiques from Li Qingzhao, and brought the rumor that Zhao Mingcheng had "awarded gold to jade pots".

At this time, the Jin soldiers are pressing the border, the court wants to move south. Li Qingzhao resolutely decided to bring all the stoneware to catch up with the court to offer the treasure, to clear Zhao Mingcheng's name, and to keep the cultural relics from being dispersed.

To this end, she crossed the mountains and the sea, and was displaced everywhere. More than a year later, Li Qingzhao finally found his brother, Li Hang, not expected to bring the artifacts were stolen, she fell ill.

Later, the right Chengshu Lang Zhang Ruzhou tricked Li Hang, tricked into marrying Li Qingzhao. After the marriage, Zhang Ruzhou ambition exposed, he is called to marry, in fact, to occupy the cultural relics, and in exchange for the official position.

Li Qingzhao's good advice, but was rebuked. She saw that Zhang Ruzhou's success, all because of the dynasty is not right, determined to denounce his "delusion to increase the number of officials", v. the public court, in order to correct the world wind.

In accordance with Song criminal law, the denunciation of relatives indiscriminately "two years in prison". Li Qingzhao would rather go to jail, but also to keep her soul clean, for which she sat in jail for nine days.

This play expresses the patriotic feelings of ancient women in China, and the spirit of unyielding struggle.