What are the characteristics of the buildings in the southwest towns of China?

The characteristics of houses in China are: thick walls, small windows, small doors, gentle roof slopes, long Leng Xia in winter, loess plateau, caves, durable, warm in winter and cool in summer, using local materials, convenient in northwest, many bungalows, dry climate, little rainfall, no need to shelter from the rain by eaves, steep roof slopes in the south and heavy rainfall in rainy season.

In Beijing's hutongs, there are many quadrangles surrounded by houses in the east, south, west and north. This is a quadrilateral. The gate of quadrangles is usually opened in the southeast corner or northwest corner. The north house in the yard is the first one, which is built on the masonry abutment, bigger than other houses, and it is the owner's living room. There are east and west wing rooms on both sides of the yard, where the younger generation live. There is a corridor between the main room and the wing room for people to walk and rest. The walls of quadrangles and houses facing the street generally do not open windows, and the environment in the courtyard is closed and quiet.

The middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River in China are the world-famous Loess Plateau. People living on the Loess Plateau have built unique houses-caves by using the deep loess layer and excellent three-dimensional performance. Cave dwellings are divided into earth kiln, stone kiln and brick kiln. Earth kiln is a loess cave dug by hillside, which is warm in winter and cool in summer, and has the best thermal insulation and sound insulation effect. Stone kilns and brick kilns are all arched holes made of stone or brick first, and then covered with thick loess, which is firm and beautiful. Because building caves does not require reinforced cement, the cost is relatively low. With the development of society and the continuous improvement of cave construction, caves on the Loess Plateau, which are warm in winter and cool in summer, are more and more comfortable and beautiful.

Anhui ancient dwellings are in the south of Anhui Province, and there are many ancient dwellings. Most of these ancient houses are made of brick and wood and surrounded by high walls. Houses within the fence are generally three-bay or five-bay two-story buildings. Larger houses have two, three or more courtyards; There is a pool in the yard, bonsai plants are planted in front of and behind the hall, and exquisite patterns are carved on the beams and columns everywhere. A small building and a deep courtyard are like the art world. Architects all praised it as "a treasure house of ancient residential buildings".