Hubei folk custom

"Bamboo Bed Array" on the streets of Wuhan in summer night

After the summer solstice in July, the hot summer night drove Wuhan citizens out of their homes and had to set up bamboo beds on both sides of the street to sleep on the street. The dense bamboo beds are next to each other. Old people, children, young people, young women and even girls lie on bamboo beds and spend night after night. Northerners or outsiders are puzzled and fresh when they see young women and girls sleeping in the street in shorts and skirts. However, the locals are used to it.

Wuhan is one of the three famous "stove cities" in China, with the temperature as high as 40 degrees Celsius in summer. The intense heat that lasted for about two months made it form a unique folk custom "bamboo bed array" in Wuhan.

2. Eating zongzi and racing dragon boats?

Eating zongzi and dragon boat racing are the customs in many parts of China. But this custom comes from commemorating Qu Yuan, which is even worse in his hometown of Hubei. ?

During the Dragon Boat Festival on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, dragon boat races and zongzi are held all over Hubei. As long as there are lakes, rivers and rivers, people will trim or clean up dragon boats early. From the first day to the fifth day, dragon boats will be launched one after another. "Huanglong", "White Dragon", "Red Dragon" and "Qinglong" are one after another, chopping waves, arrows are on the string, gongs and drums are loud, and shouts are loud. People watching the dragon boat race on both sides of the river will be dark. ?

Legend has it that after Qu Yuan died in Guluo River, Zigui people in their hometown dreamed that Qu Yuan had lost weight, so they wrapped rice in bamboo leaves to make angular millet (zongzi) and put it into the river with a dragon boat. Because the aquarium belongs to the dragon tube, I thought it was the horn millet sent by the dragon king, so I dared not eat it. This is something Qu Yuan can eat. This is the origin of dragon boat racing and eating zongzi.

3. Jingzhou Flower Drum?

Jingzhou Flower Drum was originally a "flower drum along the door", which was a grass-cutting yangko for poor people to beg for a living. This kind of "flower drum" means that one person beats the drum and sings lyrics, and several people echo it together. ?

In recent decades, Jingzhou Flower Drum has evolved into a unique local flower drum drama. 1955, an old artist collected and recorded all the vocals of ancient paintings and operas, sorted out the first complete set of ancient paintings, and boldly used ethnic instruments such as erhu, banhu, pipa, dulcimer, bamboo flute and suona to accompany ancient paintings and operas, ending the history of "singing in unison" and simply accompanying them with gongs and drums. Nowadays, Jingzhou ancient painting drama is full of strong local flavor and melodious singing. With Huxiang life as the theme, there are dozens of plays that show Huxiang's style, such as Family Case-solving and Hometown Feeling. In the folk, men, women and children walk, work and hum Hua Gutiao from time to time, which also has great "magic". Someone said, "Hey, don't take medicine if you are sick!" "I don't sing Huagu opera when I work, and I have no strength." When you come to Jingzhou, you can see the radios carried by primary school students after school. On the bus and in the counter in the shop, there is Jingzhou Flower Drum Opera.

4. Tianmen "Three Bangs Drum"

In Tianmen and Mianyang, people suffered floods in the past because of low terrain and plenty of water. In order to make a living, they left their hometown, shouldered the "three-stick drum" and traveled around. Many people travel from Hubei to southwest China, Indian, Iranian, Central and Western Europe. Some people go to Southeast Asian countries such as the Philippines via Guangdong.

The "three-stick drum" they carry sings wherever they go. People call them "Gypsies in China".

5. Tongshan Mountain Drum?

According to legend, Tongshan Drum Drum Dance originated in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It is a traditional folk art that farmers sing along with drums when working in the fields. ?

The mountain drum is shaped like a small hall drum used in China traditional opera, but its volume is slightly smaller. There are iron rings on both sides of the drum body, which are tied with cowhide belts or ribbons to facilitate the drummer to hang on his chest. When singing, the drummer holds the string in his right hand and the drum bottom in his left hand, and adjusts different timbres with his fingers. An excellent drummer can generally play dozens of drums with different rhythms and different emotions. The sound of the mountain drum is clear and crisp, and can be heard for miles away.

Tongshan drums are mainly divided into digging drums and seed drums. In addition, there is a kind of "mountain gongs and drums". This kind of "mountain gongs and drums" not only has a mountain drum on the drummer's back, but also a bronze gong hanging on his waist, with a clock in his left hand and a string in his right hand.

The tune of the mountain drum is closely combined with the local language, with strong sense of rhythm, high-pitched and passionate melody, simple and warm, and full of local color. It is an art form that enlivens the labor scene. In the 1988 Hubei Folk Music Dance TV Competition, the program "West Canal" drum adapted by Tongshan County won the silver cup award.

6. What are the old habits of Chongyang people?

Chongyang county in southern Hubei has beautiful scenery and charming scenery. Being far away from big cities, the villagers have maintained many folk traditions and customs. When young men and women get married, the furniture style is still in the ancient form. For example, a wooden bed for sleeping is a flower bed carved with ancient wood carvings. There are carved poles around the bed, three layers of carved "dripping edges" above the carved board in front of the bed, and three layers of pedals in front of the bed. There is only one "hole" at the entrance of the bed, and two people can sit side by side. A whole board is nailed to both ends and the back of the bed. This exquisite flower bed of Chongyang is really a very rare custom. ?

In addition, the tea made by the hospitable Chongyang people is baked with salt and pepper, and the dishes they eat are large pieces of meat, large pieces of fish, sweet potato vermicelli and fried tofu. A large piece of bacon, one inch wide and two or three inches long, is enough for the city people to eat one or two pieces. ?

7. Tujia customs in western Hubei?

Western Hubei is adjacent to western Hunan, northern Guizhou and southeastern Sichuan, where hundreds of thousands of Tujia people live. They have unique living customs. Unique and bright clothes. The clothing of the Tu people, especially the young people, has a distinctive national style. For example, a young man has a long blue headscarf wrapped around his head. His coat is often white cloth with a broad blue edge. Traditional cloth buttons and pants are wider. Young women, their headscarves are colored cloth towels and their tops are red or green, but the neckline, back shoulders, cuffs, hem and other places are inlaid with beautiful patterns. Wearing a gold or silver bracelet.

Singing folk songs is an indispensable skill for young Tu men and women, and some elderly Tu folk songs can also sing "a lot". Melodious folk songs can often be heard on winding mountain roads, in fields, tea fields, farmhouses and earthen ponds. There are even folk songs sung by men and women, and young people of Shan nationality express their love for each other in this form. Konoha flirts. Young Tu people hold a green leaf in their mouths and make a beautiful, moving and euphemistic sound. This voice is a touching love song. A small leaf only expresses feelings for men and women.

9. The strange customs of Shennongjia

Eating hot meals: being a guest at Tujia mountain people's home is very particular about eating. The host gives the guests a little rice at a time. After a while, before the guest finished eating the rice in the bowl, the host took the bowl from the guest, emptied the rice in the bowl, and added some hot rice, even on a hot day, to show the enthusiasm of the host and the prosperity of the family.

"Playing a funeral song" is a special ceremony for Shennongjia to mourn the dead. Also known as "Song of Filial Piety", "Luo Yin Drum" and "Mourning Drum". It is mainly used by relatives, friends and neighbors instead of the families of the deceased to remember the merits of the deceased before his death, wish the deceased ascend to heaven and bless future generations. It is a common funeral song with strong ancient national cultural tradition and superstitious color. In Shennongjia Mountain Township, whenever relatives and friends hold funerals, neighbors come to pay homage and invite singers to play drums and compete for songs. Playing drums all night to "accompany the spirit" and "mourn" is not so much a mourning for the deceased as a farewell to the deceased, and the relatives of the deceased are also in this "mourning" atmosphere, reducing their desolation and sadness. Shennongjia's "Song of Mourning Drums" has a long history. It is a colorful picture of history and myth, and a divine comedy circulated by Shennongjia people.

Treat guests with chopsticks alone: When a guest first arrives at Tujia Mountain, the host must treat him to a bowl of glutinous rice wine or glutinous rice flowers soaked in sugar, and only give him a chopstick. This kind of food is collectively called "tea", or "meeting tea", or "midnight snack" or "night tea" before going to bed. It is said that a chopstick stands for "half a seat", satisfying tea and suppressing hunger to show warm reception.

Drinking cold wine: Guxia Township in Shennongjia is a Tujia community. If you are a guest in a villager's house, the host will first propose a glass of wine and say "please have tea". This custom of replacing tea with wine is called drinking cold wine. The host will be very happy if the guests take the wine and drink it immediately. If he can't drink, he should explain to the host and taste it to show his respect for the host. After drinking cold wine, the host will make hot tea.