Explain in layman's terms, what does modernization mean?

Modernization refers to the signs and requirements of a country or region that has gradually achieved modernization in the process of development in terms of economy, politics and culture. Specifically, modernization includes the following aspects:

Economic modernization: improving productivity and economic efficiency through industrialization, urbanization and informationization to achieve the prosperous development of the country's economy.

Political modernization: establishing a perfect political system and legal system, safeguarding citizens' rights and freedoms, and realizing the democratization of the political system and the rule of law.

Cultural modernization: promoting cultural pluralism and modernization, strengthening the construction of cultural soft power, and enhancing the country's cultural influence.

Social modernization: improving the social security system, raising people's living standards, promoting social justice, and achieving social harmony and stability.

Modernization is thus a comprehensive concept involving many aspects such as economy, politics, culture and society. It is an inevitable trend in the development of human society and one of the important goals for the development of all countries.