Xiangjiao version of the high school geography of the course objectives

Required Courses

Geography I

Standards Activity Suggestions

1. Earth in the Universe

Describe the cosmic environment in which the Earth is located, and use information to explain that the Earth is an ordinary as well as a special planet in the solar system.

Describe the effects of the Sun on Earth.

Analyze the geographic significance of Earth's movements.

State the Earth's ring structure and summarize the main features of each ring.

2. Movement of Matter and Exchange of Energy in the Physical Geography

Analyze the internal and external forces that cause changes in the shape of the earth's surface with examples.

Use diagrams to illustrate the process of heating of the atmosphere.

Draw a diagram of the distribution of air and wind belts around the globe, and describe the distribution and movement of air and wind belts and their effects on climate.

Use simple weather maps to briefly analyze the characteristics of weather systems such as fronts, low pressure, and high pressure.

Using a schematic diagram, describe the process and main stages of the water cycle, and explain the geographical significance of the water cycle.

Use maps to summarize the distribution of ocean currents in the world and explain the impact of ocean currents on the geographic environment.

3. Integration and Difference of the Natural Geographic Environment

Give examples of the role of a natural element in the formation and evolution of the geographic environment.

Give examples of the interaction of elements of the geographic environment to understand the wholeness of the geographic environment.

Use maps to analyze the pattern of geographical differentiation of the geographic environment.

4. The impact of the physical geography on human activities

Give examples of the impact of land surface morphology on the distribution of settlements and transportation routes

Give examples of the impact of climate on production activities, and summarize the impact of global climate change on human activities based on relevant information.

Using a natural resource as an example, explain the significance of the quantity and quality of natural resources to human survival and development under different conditions of productivity.

Taking a certain natural disaster as an example, briefly explain the main causes and hazards of its occurrence. Choose a form (e.g., a short essay, draw a diagram, or create a computer animation) to explain to your family or classmates about the cosmic environment in which Earth lives.

Demonstrate the rotation and revolution of the Earth, explaining the change of day and night and the formation of the seasons, using teaching and learning aids, or through computer simulations.

Observe an astronomical phenomenon with the naked eye, consult relevant information, and state their observations and experiences.

Draw a schematic diagram or use teaching and learning aids to illustrate the structure of the Earth's layers.

Make geological (or geomorphological, hydrological, etc.) field observations according to local conditions.

Do a small experiment to simulate the greenhouse effect of the atmosphere using materials you can find around you (e.g., clear plastic bags, plastic film, glass bottles, etc.) and a thermometer.

Use the computer to design an animation of the movement of barometric and wind zones, the water cycle or the movement of ocean currents.

Explain through role-playing (or storytelling, watching a video, etc.) how a change in one of the poker elements will lead to a change in the other elements.

Collect information about the changes in a river in your hometown, analyze the main reasons for the changes, and put forward a poker idea for the future of the river.

The condition of the school on the water wells fixed point, regular observation, record the water level, water color and other changes, and analyze the pattern of change and the main reason.

To the changes in the development and utilization of local natural resources as the theme, group research study, exchange of learning results.

For local natural disasters that often occur, set up extracurricular monitoring groups, make plans and carry out activities.

Geography II

Standards Activity Suggestions

1. Population and Citiesl Analyze the main characteristics of different population development patterns and their regional distribution.

Give examples of reasons for population migration. l

State the difference between the carrying capacity of the environment and the reasonable capacity of the population.

Explain the reasons for the formation of functional zoning of cities using examples.

Explain the differences in the service functions of cities of different sizes using the center-place theory.

Use relevant information to summarize the process and characteristics of urbanization and explain the impact of urbanization on the geographical environment.

2. Industrial Activity and Territorial Connection

Analyze the factors of agricultural location, and give examples of the characteristics of the main types of agricultural territories and their formation conditions.

Analyze the factors of industrial location, give examples of the formation conditions and development characteristics of industrial regions.

Combined with examples to illustrate the impact of agricultural or industrial production activities on the geographic environment.

Give examples of the importance and main ways of territorial connections in industrial activities.

With examples, analyze the influence of transportation modes on the spatial pattern of settlements and the layout of commercial outlets.

3. The development of municipalities and the geographic environment

Summarize the major environmental problems faced by human beings according to relevant information.

Understand the historical evolution of the idea of human-land relationship. Outline the basic connotation of sustainable development and give examples to illustrate the main ways to harmonize the relationship between mankind and the earth.

To understand that the path of sustainable development is the inevitable choice of mankind; to recognize the attitude and responsibility of individuals in the process of sustainable development. ? To explore the pattern of development of the local population and the location of population migration by using local demographic information and drawing diagrams.

Collect maps and photographs of different periods of time in their cities, or conduct visits to lecture on the changes in their cities and share their feelings.

Combined with the knowledge gained, determine the type of local agricultural territory and analyze the conditions for its formation.

Simulate the design of the layout of transportation routes and stations in a region, briefly explain the reasons for the design.

The first step is to write a short essay on how to manage an environmental problem in relation to local realities, and present it for exchange.

Hold a class meeting on the theme of "Protecting the Environment, Starting from Me" and formulate a code for the class to care for the environment.

Combine the actual situation, exchange views on environmental issues with family members, and participate in activities to publicize environmental protection, and do what you can to improve the local environment.

Geography III

Standards Activity Suggestions

1. Regional Geography and Human Activities l Understand the meaning of region.

Compare regional differences in human activities using two different regions as examples. l

Compare the impact of geography on human production and lifestyles at different stages of development using a region as an example.

Give examples of the impact of the transfer of industry and the cross-regional deployment of resources on the regional geographic environment.

2. Regional Sustainable Development

Take a region as an example, analyze the resource and environmental problems arising from the process of industrialization and urbanization, and understand the measures to solve these problems.

Take a watershed as an example, analyze the geographical conditions for the development of the watershed, and understand the development of the sea cucumber area and integrated management measures.

Take a region as an example, analyze the causes of soil erosion in the region, and understand the hazards of soil erosion and comprehensive management measures.

Take a region as an example, analyze the causes of desertification in the region, understand the hazards of desertification and comprehensive management measures.

Take a certain region as an example, analyze the main problems and reasons for the development and utilization of forests or wetlands in the region, and understand the protection measures of forests or wetlands.

Take a certain region as an example, analyze the natural geographic conditions and the main problems existing in the agricultural low-production areas, and understand the methods and approaches of comprehensive management of low-production areas.

3. Application of Geographic Information Technology

Combined with examples, understand the application of remote sensing (RS) in resource census, environment and disaster monitoring.

Give examples of the application of the Global Positioning System (GPS) in positioning and navigation.

Using relevant information, understand the functions of geographic information systems (GIS) in urban management.

Use electronic maps (online or on CD-ROM) to search for information on transportation, tourism, and so on. ? Simulate the implementation of the tropical rainforest, savannah, tropical desert, high mountains, etc., describe the main geographical landscapes and geographical phenomena that can be observed in different regions, and tell the main necessities that should be carried to the implementation of the above regions.

A simulation activity (e.g., a conversation between residents of the South-to-North Water Transfer Area and residents of the Transfer Area) was carried out to play roles and exchange views.

Investigate a piece of land in your hometown that is deserted (or underutilized), and explore the reasons why this land is deserted (or underutilized). If you were to plan and develop this land, what would you do? Why?

Investigate the hazards of the major local ecological problems and discuss measures to protect and manage them in small groups.

Watch relevant TV programs, such as DISCOVERY, to understand the function of GPS in field exploration and expedition.

Using a web-based electronic map, find out the distribution of major tourist attractions in a city, and check the public **** transportation routes from a certain place in the city center to several attractions.

Note: For the Regional Sustainable Development section, select regions that meet the standard themes and use case studies to develop textbooks and conduct instruction. At least four Chinese cases and two foreign cases are selected for this part.

Elective Courses

I. The Universe and the Earth

Standard Activity Suggestions

1. The Universe l Briefly summarize the main ideas of the Big Bang hypothesis.

Based on the diagram, summarize the major stages of stellar evolution and their characteristics.

Give examples of human exploration of the universe, its significance and the importance of protecting the cosmic environment.

2. Stargazing

Use a sketch of the celestial coordinate system to locate the major stars.

Use star charts to make star observations and state the basic laws of seasonal changes in the starry sky.

3. The Sun and the Solar System

Understand the structure of the heliosphere.

Use information, charts, and diagrams, combined with simulation demonstrations, to explain the structure and motion characteristics of the nine planets that make up the solar system.

4. The Moon and the Earth-Moon system

Briefly describe the profile of the Moon and its motion characteristics.

Analyze the pattern of changes in the phases of the moon and explain the relationship between changes in the phases of the moon and changes in the tides.

5. Evolution of the Earth

According to the chart, state the division of geological ages and the crustal movement, mineralization and biological evolution of different geological ages.

Briefly state the views on the major hypotheses of geotectonics.

Using a simple geotectonic map, interpret the types of geotectonic formations and diagram geologic sections. ? Watch videos on topics such as the evolution of celestial bodies, the universe and people, and the amazing Earth, and share their thoughts.

Gather information about extraterrestrial civilizations and talk about their views.

Read star charts, observe the four seasons, identify the Milky Way, as well as the constellations Ursa Major, Ursa Minor, Cassiopeia, Aquila, Lyra, Taurus, Orion, Leo, and other constellations, and stars such as Polaris, Vega, Altair, and Sirius.

Observe Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, as well as solar activity and the appearance of the Moon with an astronomical telescope.

Continuously observe the moon phases for more than half a month, record and summarize the changing patterns of the moon phases, and analyze the reasons for the changes in the moon phases in a concentrated manner.

Organize a geological field trip to observe rock layers and geological formations, collect rock and mineral specimens, search for fossils, and lecture on the relationship between geological formations and surface morphology.

Collect relevant picture materials and hold a lecture session to reconstruct the earth's environment in the era when dinosaurs lived.

Conduct a research study on the formation and evolution of surface morphology, taking into account local topographical features.

Instructions: a brief description of the main ideas of the 'Big Bang' hypothesis and according to the chart, summarize the main stages of stellar evolution and its characteristics of the two, aimed at the use of concrete examples to illustrate that mankind's understanding of the universe is constantly deepening and never-ending, in order to enhance the interest in exploring the mysteries of the universe, and to cultivate a dialectical materialist view of the universe.

II. Marine Geography

Standards Suggested Activities

1. Oceans and Coastal Zones

Observe a topographic map of the seabed and apply the main ideas of sea-floor spreading and plate tectonics to explain the formation and distribution of seabed topography.

Use graphs and data to summarize the distribution of sea water temperature and salinity.

Use graphs to analyze sea-air interactions and their effects on the global water and heat balance.

Briefly describe the El Ni?o and La Ni?a phenomena and their impact on global climate.

Describe the main causes of sea water movement in the form of waves, tides and currents.

Using maps and pictures of landscapes, outline the main types and characteristics of coasts.

List the main ways in which the coastal zone is exploited and utilized.

Use information to explain the major impacts of sea level change on the natural environment as well as the socio-economic development of the coastal zone.

2. Marine development

State the characteristics and current situation of the development and utilization of seawater resources, marine chemical resources and seabed mineral resources.

State the characteristics of tidal energy, wave energy, etc., and the prospects for the development of ocean energy.

Use information to explain the problems and countermeasures in the development and utilization of marine biological resources.

Give examples to illustrate the importance of the development and utilization of ocean space and its main ways.

Briefly describe the current situation and development prospect of marine tourism.

3. Problems and protection of the marine environment

Analyze the causes of storm surges and tsunamis, and state the hazards and measures to deal with them.

Utilizing the information, name the sources of the main pollutants in the ocean and their harm to the marine environment, and briefly describe the main countermeasures to protect the marine ecological environment.

4. Rights and Interests of the Sea

Distinguish between the concepts of ocean territory, inland sea, territorial sea, high seas, continental shelf and exclusive economic zone.

Summarize the basic characteristics of China's maritime situation according to relevant information, explaining the importance of safeguarding China's maritime rights and interests.

Give examples of the importance of establishing and maintaining a new international maritime order.

III. Geography of Tourism

Standard Activity Suggestions

1. The remote connotation of tourism resources, using information to explain the diversity of tourism resources.

Briefly describe the connotations of tourism resources and use information to explain the diversity of tourism resources.

Compare the difference between humanistic and natural tourism resources.

Point out the world cultural and natural heritage in China on the map and give examples of their important values.

2. Appreciation of Tourist Landscapes

Give examples of how to appreciate tourist landscapes.

Using information, give examples to describe the landscape characteristics of famous tourist attractions in China and abroad, and explain the reasons for their formation from a geographical point of view.

3. Comprehensive Evaluation of Tourism Resources and Tourism Planning l Combined with examples, briefly describe the basic content of the evaluation of the conditions for the development of tourism resources.

Evaluate the development conditions of tourism resources for a particular example.

Analyze the basic elements of tourist attractions and their interactions, and initially learn to plan and design tourist attractions, transportation and service facilities.

4. Tourism design

Learn to collect tourism information, identify tourist spots and choose reasonable tourist routes according to the condition of tourism resources.

Explain the relationship between the conditions of terrain, climate and hydrology and the safety of tourism, and the safety precautions to be taken.

5. Tourism and Environmental Protection

Explain the role of tourism development on society, economy and culture.

Give examples of the impact of tourism and scenic spot construction on the geographic environment.

Give examples of environmental protection measures in the process of tourism development.

Combine their own travel experiences and share their personal experiences of appreciating tourist landscapes.

Search and download information about tourist attractions on the Internet and simulate the design of a program of tourist activities.

Design a travel route for a local one-day tour.

Conduct an experiential guided tour with students acting as tour guides themselves.

Lecture on the safety measures that should be taken when traveling to a certain place.

Organize a symposium on eco-tourism in the context of local realities.

Bring together students' loaded travelogues, photographs, travel souvenirs, etc., for exhibition and exchange.

IV. Urban and Rural Planning and Life

Standards Activity Suggestions

1. Urban and Rural Development and Urbanizationl State the general criteria for the division of municipalities.

Compare the development process of cities in China and abroad and summarize the main features of cities at different stages of development.

Explain the characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of the urbanization process in different countries and regions.

Give examples of the causes of urban environmental problems and measures to deal with them.

Compare the characteristics of rural settlements in different geographic pollution and analyze the reasons for their formation.

Give examples to illustrate the distribution characteristics of rural markets and their causes.

2. Urban and Rural Distribution

Use the information to analyze the spatial patterns, landscape features and trends of modern cities or towns.

Give examples of how to realize the rational layout and coordinated development of towns and cities within a certain area.

Give examples of countermeasures that should be taken to protect the characteristic landscape and traditional culture in the process of urban and rural development.

3. Urban and rural planning

Explain the significance of urban and rural planning for the sustainable development of urban and rural areas.

Understand the main principles and basic methods of project site selection and functional competition in urban and rural planning.

Summarize the basic types of land use in urban and rural areas, and explain the characteristics of their configuration and trends of change.

Understand the general principles of layout of industry, agriculture, transportation, commerce, culture and other sectors in urban and rural planning.

4. Urban and Rural Construction and Life

Understand the basic evaluation content of urban and rural habitat, analyze the geographic location factors of real estate development, and evaluate the environmental characteristics and structural functions of residential communities.

State the relationship between commercial layout and people's lives, and the characteristics and functions of the layout of different commercial sectors.

Compare the characteristics of different urban transportation networks with examples.

Give examples of the relationship between the layout of cultural facilities and people's lives. Go to a country market and make a rough estimate of the service area of the market by conducting a survey of the market goers.

Collect libraries and relevant information of cities you are familiar with, analyze their land use structure and functional zoning, and see what are the advantages and disadvantages and how they can be improved.

Choose a familiar city and give a talk on the problems of the urban environment in that city, and make concrete suggestions to solve them.

Conduct a questionnaire survey on the layout of public ****service facilities in the community and write a report on the survey.

Conduct a simulation exercise on urban and rural planning using relevant information. The class can be divided into 3 - 4 groups, submit the planning program of each group and carry out comparative evaluation.

Simulation of house selection and purchase activities: by browsing the Internet, collecting advertising materials, field investigation and inspection, several commercial properties to compare and determine the purchase of housing options.

Draw a sketch of the distribution of the main cultural, educational and sports facilities in the community and analyze whether the layout is reasonable.

V. Natural Disasters and Prevention

Criteria Activity Suggestions

1. Overview of Natural Disasters

List the main types of natural disasters.

With examples, briefly describe the main characteristics of natural disasters.

Use information to explain the impact of human activities on natural disasters.

Use maps to illustrate the distribution of major natural disaster zones in the world.

2. Major Natural Disasters in China

Point out the regional distribution of major natural disasters in China on a map

Briefly describe the mechanism and process of geological disasters such as earthquakes, mudslides and landslides.

Analyze the reasons for the formation of meteorological disasters such as typhoons, cold waves, droughts and floods.

List the major hazards caused by biological disasters such as insect and rodent infestations.

3. Natural Disasters and the Environment

Compare the geographical differences in the occurrence of the same natural disaster.

Summarize the characteristics of the natural environment in the natural disaster-prone areas of China.

4. Disaster Prevention and Mitigation

Give examples of the role of geographic information technology in the prediction, monitoring and assessment of natural disasters.

Give one or two examples of natural disasters, and list appropriate response methods and emergency measures.

Give examples of China's achievements in disaster prevention and mitigation.

The study is based on the concept of "natural disaster prevention and mitigation".

The study is based on the concept of "natural disaster prevention and mitigation".

The study of natural disasters, such as sandstorms and dust storms.

Collect local proverbs about the precursors of natural disasters and effective ways of disaster prevention and mitigation, and share them with the class.

The class will discuss how to deal with sudden disasters in their daily lives.

Gather information about a natural disaster in China in recent years, draw a sketch of its geographical distribution, explain the causes of its formation, and state the measures taken by our country to prevent and mitigate disasters.

Simulate a natural disaster as the background of the rescue study.

In conjunction with World Disaster Preparedness Day, a poster was published.

Organize a speech contest on the theme of natural disasters and us (or natural disasters and the environment, natural disasters and high technology, etc.).

VI. Application of Geographic Information Technology

Criteria Activity Suggestions

1. Geographic Information Technology

Use information to summarize the development of geographic information technology.

State the basic elements of geographic information technology.

Based on the information, briefly describe the significance of geographic information technology in modern production and life.

2. Maps and Remote Sensing (RS)

With examples, briefly describe the basic working principles of remote sensing, and be able to read remote sensing images in a preliminary manner.

With examples, explain the role of remote sensing images in map production.

With examples, state the main functions of remote sensing.

3. Global Positioning System (GPS)

Briefly explain the basic working principle of GPS.

Combined with examples, name the applications of GPS in transportation, tourism, navigation and other fields.

4. Geographic Information System (GIS)

Combined with examples, explain the basic functions of GIS.

Understand the methods of map digitization

will be in the GIS software to create data tables.

Know how to change the display of layers in GIS software.

The first step is to learn how to query GIS with examples.

They will use GIS software to create and output thematic maps.

They will be able to browse the network GIS maps and query relevant information.

5. 3S technology

Understand the integrated application of 3S technology.

Understand the meaning of digital earth, digital city. ? In GIS software, create the basic information table of classmates, display the information of classmates on the map, and realize the functions of querying and analyzing.

In the GIS software, apply China's population and administrative division data to view the population information of the eastern and western provinces and regions, and look up the data of the per capita GDP of the eastern and western regions on the Internet, which illustrates the regional and other differences between the eastern and western regions.

Note: This course is recommended to use secondary development of GIS software (such as secondary development of domestic software), simplify the GIS function. Teaching process, it is recommended that the development of geographic information technology integrated learning software platform to support teaching.