Characteristics of European architecture

In recent years, foreign culture has gradually entered the public's field of vision, and sometimes people will see a villa with a special shape, arched structure, spire and low courtyard wall. That is actually a phenomenon that European architectural style culture has entered our country. European-style buildings are mostly used in villa buildings in China, but rarely seen in ordinary houses. The following small series will tell you about the style, characteristics and manifestations of European architecture.

1. Characteristics of European architectural style

1. As early as 2850 BC, European style originated from Egyptian art. Cleopatra (the famous Cleopatra), the last dynasty monarch of Egypt, resisted the invasion of Rome in 30 BC. After that, Egyptian civilization and European civilization began to merge. Later Greek art, Roman art, Byzantine art, Roman art and Gothic art formed the early artistic style of Europe, that is, the artistic style of the Middle Ages.

2. Since the Renaissance, Baroque Art, Rococo Style, Louis XVI Style, Adam Style, Director Style, Empire Style, Restoration Style, Louis-Philippe Style and Second Empire Style have constituted the main artistic styles in Europe. This period is the main period for the formation of European style. Among them, Baroque and Rococo styles are the most famous and deeply loved by the royal family.

Second, the expression of European architectural style

1, the formation of the column

The Doric Order appeared in temple of poseidon as early as 460 BC. Mainly popular in Sicily, Italy. Taurik's personality is masculine, strong and energetic, with a simple stigma, 20 grooves, few lines and feet, and a strong sense of volume. The order of Enoch appeared in the Parthenon built in 432 BC, which was mainly popular in Asia Minor. Love Onek's personality characteristics are feminine, delicate, feminine, exquisite stigma, 24 grooves, various curves and feet, and weak sense of volume.

2. Bonding arch technology and structure formation.

The main function of Greek pillars is to bear loads, while the Romans invented arch walls. Finally, the Romans decorated the arch wall with beam-column structure. As a result of long-term practice, a brand-new architectural vocabulary of stamp columns has emerged, and the load-bearing function of columns disappears and is replaced by decorative function. Formed Yinjiao line, Roman column, arch coupon arch and coupon (Roman coupon), and coupon column became the basic vocabulary of ancient Roman architecture. Marble architecture, exquisite carving, artistic decoration and mosaic are the basic features of Roman art.

3. The combination of dome and sail arch

Byzantine architectural vocabulary unique to European architecture, and the balance of dome is the second feature of this style. The technique of lifting the circular dome from a square composition comes from Persian architecture, and the Pantheon in Rome is a model of this composition.

4. Shape and structure

The shape and structure of Gothic architecture is the second leap of structural art based on Roman architecture. Cross arch, skeleton coupon, double-heart pointed arch, pointed coupon and other practices and the lateral thrust structure using buttresses to support the vault appeared.

We often see the European style of interior decoration, but there are not many European buildings in China. Of course, if you have money or your own construction site is large enough, it is easy to own a house with European architectural style.