What does "algae well" mean?

Caisson is a unique decorative part of indoor ceiling, which is very common in palaces and temples in Han Dynasty. Generally, it is made into a well shape protruding upwards, with a square, polygonal or circular concave surface, and decorated with various flowers, algae, wells, carvings and paintings. Mostly used in palaces, temples, thrones and the most important parts above the Buddhist altar.

Caisson is usually located in the upper part of the room, umbrella-shaped, supported by exquisite arches, symbolizing the sublimity of the sky. Caisson is generally painted with colorful paintings and reliefs. According to "Custom Pass", "This hall is a patio. Well, so is the image of Tokyo. Ling, something in the water. So Tired Ofthe Fire also. " Dongjing is Jingsu, one of the 28 hotels. The ancients thought it was the main water. At the top of the halls and pavilions, wells are built and decorated with algae and aquatic plants such as lotus, water chestnut and lotus, all in order to suppress the fire demon and protect the safety of the building.

Caisson is a kind of superimposed cave roof decoration, which is named because it is similar to the roof structure of ancient buildings in China. Dunhuang caisson simplifies the structure of the traditional layered wooden caisson of Han nationality, with its center protruding upward and inclined on all sides, becoming an inverted bucket with a big bottom and a small top. The theme works are in the central square well, and the surrounding patterns are spread out layer by layer. Because the caisson is located at the top of the center of the grottoes, the top of the grottoes has a lofty and profound feeling.

Caijing is the essence of Dunhuang patterns. Because it stands at the top of the grottoes, it is less damaged by sandstorms and harsh natural environment, and it also avoids many man-made damages, so it is well preserved. There are more than 400 algae wells in Dunhuang, which are beautifully painted.

classify

According to its square well structure and central pattern, it can be divided into five categories:

① Nested caisson of square well: it is a relic of the flush pattern of the Northern Dynasties, and the nested frame structure of square well has to be preserved, but the pattern in the well has changed. (2) Pan-stem lotus algae well: It is a unique algae well in Sui Dynasty, characterized by an eight-petal lotus in the well, and the stems and vines wrapped around the lotus are honeysuckle patterns, which tend to be natural. Outside the well, there are three decorative patterns: round beaded pattern, gold and silver pattern and white beaded pattern, as well as a long, large and exquisite triangular curtain. Sui Dynasty's caisson works have no programming, novel images, diverse ways, different thoughts and wonders. (3) Flying lotus algae well: the well is wide, and some flying flowers are painted around the big lotus. This kind of algae well decoration has gone beyond the space of the cave room, giving people a feeling of looking up to the vast space. (4) Shuanglong Lotus Algae Well: Two dragons playing with pearls are painted on both sides of the lotus in the well center, and sixteen flying flowers are painted around the Algae Well, which echoes inside and outside and has a strong sense of movement. ⑤ Da Lian algae well: Only one big lotus flower is painted in the well, or four corners are even matched with a horn flower, and there are many layers of decorations outside the well, which is simple and fresh. Unique decorative part of indoor ceiling in traditional Han architecture. Generally, it is made into a square, polygonal or circular concave well-shaped bulge, which is decorated with various patterns, carvings and paintings. Mostly used in palaces, temples, thrones and the most important parts above the Buddhist altar. The earliest existing wooden caisson is the caisson on Guanyin Pavilion of Dule Temple in Jixian County, which was built in 984. It is a square with four corners removed and an eight-bucket (the top of an eight-pyramid composed of eight corner beams) added. The Panlong algae well in the Taihe Hall of the Forbidden City in Beijing is a round well in the octagonal well, in which a carved Panlong hangs its head and holds a pearl, named Longjing, which is the most luxurious algae well in Qing architecture.