What are the performance appraisal methods? What standards are used in various performance appraisal methods? (P207 ~ 2 19) (16)

A: Employee performance has the basic characteristics of multi-factors, multi-dimensions and dynamics. When designing and selecting performance evaluation methods and indicators, we can comprehensively evaluate the evaluation objects according to their nature and characteristics. Due to the different standards adopted, performance evaluation can be divided into four categories: quality-oriented, behavior-oriented, result-oriented and comprehensive.

1) Quality-oriented performance appraisal, adopting characteristic standards, paying attention to evaluating the potential of employees and paying attention to "what kind of person is he?" The key point is to consider what kind of potential this employee is (such as psychological quality, ability and quality). It mainly includes psychometric method and critical event method. (4 points)

2) Behavior-oriented evaluation method, which adopts code of conduct, mainly evaluates employees' work behavior, focusing on "what to do" and how to do it, and focusing on employees' working methods and behaviors. It mainly includes: subjective evaluation methods, including arrangement method, selective arrangement method, paired comparison method, forced distribution method and structural narrative method; Objective evaluation methods mainly include critical event method, forced choice method, behavior orientation method, behavior observation method and weighted choice scale method. (4 points)

3) The result-oriented performance evaluation method adopts the result criterion, which mainly evaluates the work effect of employees or organizations, paying attention to "what they have done" and "what services employees have provided, what tasks they have completed or what products they have produced". It mainly includes target management method, performance standard method, thesis method, direct index method, performance record method and labor quota method. (4 points)

4) Comprehensive performance evaluation method, which comprehensively adopts various standards, is a method to evaluate the comprehensive level of employees, mainly including graphic evaluation scale method, comprehensive evaluation method, daily settlement method and evaluation center method. (4 points)