What is classical music? What are the representatives of classical music?

1: Classical music in the broad sense refers to Western classical music, which is composed in the context of the dominant European culture from the Western Middle Ages to the present day, and is different from popular music and folk music mainly because of its complex and varied compositional techniques and the heavy connotations it can carry.

2: Classical music in the narrow sense refers to classical music, which is the mainstream music of Europe in the period of 1750-1820, also known as the Viennese Classical School. The three most famous composers of this school were Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven.

CLASSICAL MUSIC, translated into Chinese as "classical music". Some people think that "classical" gives people the feeling of antiquity, antique flavor, so it was renamed "classical music". According to the definition of classical music in Oxford English Dictionary, in traditional and serious style, it is called "serious music". As a result, "classical music" has been labeled as "serious", which makes people even more afraid to get close to it. But the person who made this definition must not have checked the dictionary properly, because the second definition of serious is given in this way: (referring to books, music, etc.) inspiring thought, not only for pleasure. So we know that classical music is different from pop music in that it is deep, thought-provoking, and more noble than vulgar. Let's take a look at the Longman Dictionary's explanation of classical music: music that people consider serious and that has been popular for a long time, so it can be seen that classical music is the music that has survived the test of time and has been loved by all people for a long time. Classical music is an independent genre, and its artistic approach is refined and seeks to express emotions rationally.

When we hear the music of Bach, Beethoven, Mozart, and Schubert, it brings us not only beautiful melodies, full of interesting ideas, but also the most sincere emotions, or serenity, elegance, or shock, encouragement, or joy, happiness, or sadness, melancholy ...... History of the Development of Classical Music When it comes to European classical music, we can't help but mention the music of the Elizabethan and Gregorian periods of the Middle Ages, in which the dominant music was religious music! At that time, people's faith and worship of Christ, directly affecting the politics and music of the society at that time, the music at that time, just purely for religious purposes, limited to singing in the church, no musical instruments, but, however, played an important role in the future development of music!

By 1450, European music began to enter the Renaissance, because of the political instability of Europe, the prestige and power of the Holy See began to weaken, the bourgeoisie sprouted, in order to adapt to the development of society and people's new ideas, music began to promote the idea of people-oriented, so in all areas of the Renaissance movement began, that is when the traditional European The major and minor modes were gradually formed!

Europe in the 1600s, entered a period of great development - the Baroque period, that time not only produced as we all know Bach, Handel and other great composers, opera, concerto, sonata and other subjects have been created and developed.

When European music entered the classical period, that is, after the death of Bach in 1750, there was no successor to the European polyphony, and the style of music turned to a simple and practical tone, and at that time, there were three masters of music: Haydn, "the father of the symphony", Mozart, "the prodigy", and "the father of the symphony". "Mozart, and Beethoven, the "Sage of Music"! The theme of music also changed from religious music, which lasted for centuries, to classical music, which is rich in philosophical connotations!

Beethoven's death in 1827 ended the period of rigorous classicism. At that time, Europe was undergoing the baptism of Romanticism, and the composers of that time regarded composition as a means of expressing their inner feelings, and the aesthetics of music was further developed, resulting in musical expressions such as showmanship! Such as Paganini, Liszt and so on were the most popular performers at that time! Music performance, style is also increasingly rich, there are a number of national music language for the creation of national composers, such as Finland's Sibelius, Norway's Grieg, Russia's five strong group, etc., are the great composers of the national school of music ~

Time to enter the 19th century, the emergence of Debussy as the leader of the Impressionist music! The music was very colorful and had the same style as the paintings of the time!

In the late Romantic period, when the European tonal system was at its height and at its end, I have to mention composers such as Rachmaninov and Mahler, who developed the traditional European compositional method to its fullest extent, and, of course, included new attempts, with such grandiose works as Mahler's Eighth Symphony, "A Thousand Choirs". Then there was Stravinsky, whose neo-classicism, which exalted polyphony and counterpoint and employed polytonality, played a crucial role in the later transition from traditional compositional methods to avant-garde music!

Time came to the end of the nineteenth century, the beginning of the twentieth century, music and a breakthrough in the development of composers starting with Webern to break the twelve-tone compositional method, abandoning nearly 400 years of European tonal system, the invention of the twelve-tone sequence, followed by the emergence of atonal and other forms of music, such as Schoenberg at the time is representative! After the World War, technology became more advanced, people's minds became richer, electronic music appeared, as well as cultural exchanges between countries continued to merge, resulting in a richer and more diversified form of music! After 1945, music was called avant-garde music, which shook people's view of the beauty of music, and became more theoretical, producing forms of music that people could not understand, such as silent music, noise, and microdifferential tones!

Note: According to the broad definition of classical music: from the 17th century to the 19th century professional music creation, impressionist music and modern music are not classified as classical music; according to the strict definition of classical music, classical refers to the music works of Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven and so on.

Medieval Period (before 1450)

This period was dominated by the collection of monophonic songs sung in churches and preserved by the Roman Catholic Church. Most of them are used in two kinds of liturgy: the first is the Mass, with lyrics commemorating Christ's Last Supper and his dedication, which is the center of the church's service; the second is the Daily Lesson, that is, the eight lessons of the Sacrament sung every day in the monasteries, which is mainly based on the psalms. RECOMMENDED: GREGORIAN CHANT

The Baroque period (c. 1600-1750 AD)

The music of this period is the precursor of the modern recital. Baroque music under the composers' hands was characterized by obvious traits: splendor, complexity, ornamentation, distortion, and an emphasis on the surreal and the majestic, all of which were compatible with each other. If the Renaissance era (and later the Classical era) represented order and clarity of expression, the Baroque era (and later the Romantic era) represented turmoil, unrest and doubt. Four-part harmony, and figured bass with textual chords, all arose in the Baroque era; the disappearance of the old ecclesiastical modes, and the rise of the major and minor scale systems and the related tonalities that have been used up to the present day were major events in the Baroque era. In addition, the idea of rhythm also sprouted in this era, that is, in the music score to add bar lines. These forms were later directly derived from sonatas, symphonies, concertos, preludes and variations. But the Baroque era was also characterized by a number of free-form compositions, such as the staccato, the fantasia, the overture, and the thematic parody (the ancient fantasia).

Classical (1750-1820)

This period is also known as the "Viennese Classical School" or the "Viennese School of Music" because the three representative figures of the period, Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven, lived and composed mainly in Vienna. Among the writers of this period, Mozart's serenades and divertimentos are very intimate. Haydn's Cello Concertos No. 1 and No. 2 are also suitable for beginners. As for Beethoven's works, the booming sound at hand, I personally appreciate his violin sonata "Spring", piano sonata "Pathétique", "Passion", "Moonlight".

Romanticism (Romanticism) (about 1820-1900 A.D.)

The music of this period paid more attention to the expression of the spiritual realm and subjective feelings of the people, the performance of natural scenery is also more and more prominent, the creation of the use of national and folk music is more important and more frequent. the mid-to-late nineteenth century appeared In the mid-to-late 19th century, national music schools emerged, which took it as their duty to revitalize their own music. New genres of solo instrumental music appeared, such as nocturne, improvisation, narrative, harmonic, fantasia and song without words. The works of this period have a variety of styles, each with its own unique characteristics, the introductory repertoire includes Schubert's Selected Art Songs, The Beautiful Mill Maiden; Chopin's Nocturne, Piano Concerto No. 2; Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto, Piano Concerto No. 1 and No. 2; Wagner's Opera Overtures; Brahms Symphonies No. 1 and No. 3; Tchaikovsky Violin Concerto No. 1, Piano Concerto No. 1; Rachmaninoff Piano Concerto No. 2, Paganini Theme and Variations; Lalo's Spanish Symphony; Ravel's Piano Concerto in G major.

Twentieth-century works include Britten's Orchestral Guidelines for Young People and Sinfonietta, Stravinsky's Paucinella and Petroshka, and Prokofiev's Piano Sonata No. 7 and Piano Concerto No. 1. The Symphonic Variations on a Theme of Weber and the Symphony of the Painter Mathis by German composer Hundemütter are recommended, as well as The Rodeo and A Plain Man's Horn by American composer Copland.

Classical music is not unattainable. If you want to get in touch with, understand classical music. Listening more is not only the way, but also the best way. You will find that as long as you listen to a long time, listen to the habit, classical music is very good to listen to, and there is no question of boring. It can make people have a kind of beautiful enjoyment, make people think. Secondly, it is also interesting to know some music knowledge or famous composers. But this kind of domestic books (magazines) is not very good to find, with my current understanding, introduced to you a few kinds, I hope to want to start and love it friends to help. If anyone has anything to add, I hope you'll write about it for us to enjoy.

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