The course and embodiment of China ancient cultural center moving southward.

The course and embodiment of China ancient cultural center moving southward.

The migration of cultural center is a very complicated cultural movement.

Dynamic phenomenon.

It is in the traction and politics of the transfer of economic center.

The driving force of heart movement moves gradually under the same action.

however

The history of the migration of cultural centers in China and the world in the past few years shows that,

Once the world cultural center is transferred to a country or a country

The cultural center of the home moves to a certain area, which will further

Promote the economic prosperity and development of this country or region.

It comes from

In this sense, we believe that China culture has lasted for more than 1000 years.

The center moved south, especially the crescent moon along the southeast coast in the past hundred years.

The formation of the chemical industry belt provides the economic and social development of the southeast coast.

It is a historical necessity to have a golden opportunity.

if we ... ...

Can't really realize the inevitability of this period of history in theory, then

In practice, Yao is formulating economic development strategies and promoting the economy.

In the process of development, we will look forward and hesitate; as soon as...

Will lose the opportunity and regret for a lifetime.

First, the internal mechanism of cultural center transfer

The economic center (also known as the economic center of gravity) is the most economically developed place.

Core area.

The shift of economic center leads to the shift of cultural center.

Basic, stable and maximum traction or thrust of movement.

Force.

Of course, the transfer of economic center is gradual, especially underground.

Manage environmental changes, social and political turmoil and the level of productivity development.

Under the influence of many factors, from one area to another.

Regional migration.

According to the author's long-term research results, from ancient times to Qin and Han dynasties

For a generation, the economic center of China has been stable in the Central Plains.

Cong Wei

From the Jin Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the economic development in the south of the Yangtze River began.

Although China's economic center of gravity is still in the Yellow River Basin at this time, it has already

It began to tilt slightly to the southeast.

An Shi Rebellion in the Middle Tang Dynasty

The economy of the Yellow River basin has been seriously damaged, leading to the national economy.

The heart basically moved completely to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin.

In the idle years since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, due to the environment of the Yellow River basin,

Deterioration and superior conditions in the Yangtze River basin have led to China's economy.

The center has been stable in Jiangnan area and has never appeared again.

Any possibility of returning to the Yellow River basin.

This prosperity in the south and the decline in the north

This pattern will last for at least several centuries or longer.

this is because

The basic trend and formation of China's economic center of gravity shift

The economic development model has attracted China's cultural center and politics.

At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and after its demise, the center shifted successively.

Arrive in Jiangnan area.

In other words, without the transformation of the economic center,

Dynamic, the transfer of the other two types of centers will be difficult to achieve.

On the one hand, the political center changes with the economic center.

Move; On the other hand, due to the domestic class struggle and national struggle.

With the continuous transformation of potential, sometimes it will be separated from economically developed areas.

Transfer to the front line of struggle and its influence on the transfer of cultural center

It is conditional and unstable.

When the two conveying directions are the same

At this time, the political center often promotes the culture of the cultural center.

The further development of.

During the three years from Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty,

The political center of China has always been in the Yellow River Basin and along the coast of Xi.

-Luoyang-Kaifeng axis moves slowly from west to east.

In ...

The oldest is Xi 'an.

Thousands of years from Qin and Han Dynasties to Sui and Tang Dynasties.

Chang 'an has always been the political center of China.

It leads China.

For the first time in the Han Dynasty and for the second time in the Tang Dynasty, Hua reached the peak of world feudalism.

The pinnacle of culture

The fall of Kaifeng in A.D. 1 127 and the southward migration of the Song Dynasty marked.

The political center of China has moved from the Yellow River valley to the south of the Yangtze River.

The abbreviation of Hangzhou.

Zhou and Nanjing were once the capitals of the Qing 'an dynasty.

However, by

The threat of nomadic people beyond the Great Wall to the agricultural dynasty has not been eliminated.

Therefore, the political center of China moved northward to Zhao Yan and the north in the early Ming Dynasty.

In recent centuries, Beijing has become the political center of China.

Second, the historical track of the transfer of China cultural center

1. Central Plains cultural era

According to our research on the talent geography of China in the past 2500 years.

The research results of the transformation process of distribution space show that: ①,

From the origin of Xia and Shang civilizations to the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty.

year

Suddenly, the Central Plains has been supporting the cultural landscape of China.

Therefore,

This period is called "Central Plains Cultural Age".

From ancient times to Qin and Han Dynasties, due to China's stable economic center,

Located in the Central Plains of the Yellow River Basin, there are many talented people here.

Qi, Lu, Guan and Luo are important academic centers with a strong style of study.

the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period

Philosophers have risen from generation to generation, and a hundred schools of thought contend, each holding its own views, each according to its region and knowledge.

The wind permeates the areas of Shandong, Qi, Chu, Wei, Han and Zhao between Huanghuai.

Especially in Lu, where Confucius gave lectures.

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the cultural center of China was still in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.

Tourist areas, Qi, Lu, Song, Chu,

In Korea and Weifang, the style of study is still strong.

On the Administrative Divisions of the Eastern Han Dynasty

From the point of view, it is also the most prosperous time of Chongzhou's style of study, and Chongzhou was the first to leave Chen.

The county town in its heyday.

Since the Three Kingdoms period, with the economic center (center) of China

Slightly tilted to the southeast, from Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to Sui and Tang Dynasties, one

Until the Anshi Rebellion, the economically developed areas in China basically changed.

Moving to the southeast, the southern style of study has gone through six or seven hundred years.

It has gradually emerged in the process of development and is also the cultural center of China.

A difficult transition period from north to south.

The national distribution of the style of study in the Tang Dynasty is still strong in the north and weak in the south.

Overall situation.

In the Yellow River Basin where the style of study is strong, the style of study is distributed.

The outline is like a giant fan with Guanzhong as its handle, covered with fan leaves.

Today's southern Shanxi, southern Hebei, western Shandong, northern Jiangsu, northern Anhui and all.

Henan province.

At that time, the most densely populated place was south of Hebei Road.

Zhaozhou, Jizhou and Liuzhou.

At the same time, the style of study in the south is becoming more and more popular.

Sheng, Yangtze River Delta and Hangzhou Bay coastal talents are particularly concentrated.

this

The emergence of a situation shows that the cultural center of China has moved to the south.

Officially kicked off.

It is worth noting that since the Tang Dynasty, Fu

The rise of Quanzhou's style of study has been growing through the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Prosperity will eventually become another important academic town along the southeast coast of China.

The Northern Song Dynasty was the complete transfer of China cultural center from the Yellow River basin.

The key period of Jiangnan is the time when the culture of the Yangtze River basin is strong.

As famous as the Yellow River Basin.

Of course, with the support of traditional forces,

Therefore, the Yellow River basin still has certain advantages.

Talent and style of study

Dense on the An-Luo-Kai axis, especially for

Luoyang, the "cultural capital" of the Northern Song Dynasty, took the lead.

In the south, in the north

Fujian Road is the most prosperous style of study in Song Dynasty, followed by Liangzhu Road.

Fujian Province

The prosperity of this style of study is obviously influenced by Zhu.

Although he is from Anhui, he was born in.

And gave lectures in Fujian, forming the so-called "Fujian Learning Center".

2. Jiangsu and Zhejiang cultural era

The southward migration of the Song Dynasty Room marks the beginning of the "Jiangsu-Zhejiang era" of China culture.

Let's begin.

In the following seven or eight hundred years, from the Yangtze River Delta to Hangzhou.

Along the Gulf Coast, the economy is developed, the culture is prosperous, and talents come forth in large numbers.

Extraction, known as "human Yuan Wen Gai".

From the Southern Song Dynasty to the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the style of study prevailed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces.

south

The distribution of style of study in Song Dynasty was formed from west to east in the south of China.

It refers to the five places where the style of study flourished, namely, Shu studies in Meijiang and Zijiang River basins in Sichuan.

Hunan study of Xiangjiang river basin, land study of Ganjiang river basin and Qiantang river flow

Zhejiang studies in the region and Fujian studies in the Minjiang River basin.

Although the Yuan Dynasty was a China calendar,

The first "shepherd dynasty" in history, with its capital in Dadu (North).

However, the general trend of China's style of study from south to north has not changed.

Among them, the style of study in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and southern Anhui is particularly prosperous.

To China in the Ming Dynasty.

It is a foregone conclusion that the style of study flourished in the south and declined in the north, forming Jiangsu and Zhejiang,

Jiangxi is the main body of the study style in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, especially Suzhou.

The highest density.

In the Qing dynasty, the style of study gathered in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and southern Anhui.

Jiangxi style of study in Qing dynasty

The generation has obviously declined, and the talent-intensive areas have gathered in southern Jiangsu, central Zhejiang and central Anhui.

South area.

Among them, the number of talents in Suzhou ranks first in the country, and the second is the norm.

Zhou, Yangzhou, Hangzhou.

In Zhejiang, the West Zhejiang School takes Confucian classics as its purpose.

Lord, East Zhejiang has a good history.

Talents in southern Anhui gather in Ningguo and Huizhou.

The second house of the state.

Fujian's style of study and talents are distributed in Minjiang and Jinjiang.

Shore, the former has Fujian County and Jianning, while the latter has Jinjiang and Anxi style of study.

Sheng Di

3. The formation of crescent-shaped cultural belt along the southeast coast

In the past 100 years, due to the economic development in the southeast coastal areas of China.

The influence of rapid development and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries have made China

Talent-intensive learning areas gradually changed from Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui in the Qing Dynasty.

At first, the Southern Triangle gradually developed southward along the coast of Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

It is formed in the north of southern Jiangsu, passing through Zhejiang and Fujian to Guangdong.

Crescent cultural belt along the southeast coast of China.

According to our research on the members of China Academy of Sciences (now renamed Academy of Sciences)

Scholars, the same below) native statistics found that in the statistics of 242.

Among the members of this department, the north (Jilin, Liaoning, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi)

49 people, accounting for 20% of the country; South China (Anhui, Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan,

There are as many as 193 people in Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Fujian, Guangdong and Guizhou, accounting for the whole country.

80。

Since the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the south of China has flourished in the north.

The continuation and development of the overall pattern of talent distribution.

Judging from the distribution of talents in the south, one thing is obvious.

Another notable feature is that the birthplaces of the members of the department are relatively concentrated.

Distributed in the eastern coastal provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong, thus forming a

The so-called "crescent cultural belt" is consistent with the arc coastal zone.

Jiangsu province, located at the northern end of the crescent-shaped cultural belt, has the most talent advantage.

A densely populated area.

There are 58 faculty members in the province, far exceeding

Total number of members of academic committees in eight northern provinces and cities of China (49), accounting for.

Domestic near 1/4 (written on 24.0).

Next to Jiangsu, Zhejiang has 40 faculty members.

People, accounting for1/6 of the national total (16.5%).

Shanghai is also an important city, with dense talents, strong style of study and schools in the city.

Committee member 1 1.

Fujian Province has 24 members, including Beijing, Tianjin,

Member of 6 provinces and cities including Jilin, Liaoning, Henan and Shaanxi.

The number is equivalent, accounting for 1/l0a in China.

There are 20 members of academic departments in Guangdong Province, accounting for the whole country.

8.3000 of the total

Third, opportunities along the southeast coast.

1. Time is long, and it comes once in a blue moon.

The transfer process of China cultural center from north to south, through

It lasted for more than three thousand years.

Obviously, from BC

1900 the origin of Chinese civilization from the end of summer to the pre-Qin period,

The civilization of the Yellow River valley has occupied more than 3000 years.

Absolute advantage; Even in the Han and Tang Dynasties, the culture of the Yellow River Basin

The advantages are still obvious; In the Northern Song Dynasty, although in China culture,

The trend of the heart moving southward is irreversible, but the central government still adopts

Take the policy of "Exhausting Three Nobles to Serve the Northwest" to curb the cultural center

Transfer.

Only in recent seven or eight hundred years, in the culture of China.

The heart has completely moved to the south and the crescent-shaped cultural belt along the southeast coast.

The formation of, if the era since the origin of China civilization has passed.

For 38 centuries.

Years are long, opportunities are hidden in the mountains, and they are not coming.

Easy, once in a blue moon, people along the southeast coast should cherish this greatness.

Good timing.

2. The new pattern of economic, cultural and geographical in East Asia

For thousands of years, the cultural center in China has gradually moved eastward.

At the same time, as a coastal area, especially the southeast coastal area,

China's traditional culture is also radiating to East Asia and Southeast Asia.

Spread, forming a kind of "Chinese culture" in the cloak of China traditional culture.

Circle ".

In the middle and late 20th century, East Asian economy and culture appeared.

The new geographical pattern is characterized by its unique oriental economy and culture.

The face of the same body appeared in the world historical dance in the second half of the 20th century.

Taiwan Province.

The New Pattern of East Asia's Economic, Cultural and Geography: A Case Study of China's Traditional Characters

Relying on the core area, it radiates concentrically to the Pacific Ocean.

Radiation and diffusion have generally formed four economic and cultural zones.

In ...

The first area is the core area of China traditional culture centered on the Central Plains;

The second belt is the Daxin Moon Belt, which includes the whole eastern coastal area of China.

Cultural belt; The third area includes South Korea, Taiwan Province Province, Hongkong and Singapore.

Waiting for four countries or regions, which is the so-called "four small" in Asia.

Dragon "; Fourth area is a developed Japanese economy.

Obviously, including

Crescent culture is along the east coast of Chinese mainland, including the southeast coast.

This belt is in a very favorable economic and cultural geographical position, and it

It is not only backed by the vast Yellow River-Yangtze River basin in the hinterland, but also rich.

Facing the first soaring Japan in East Asia.

And the "four little dragons", with the introduction of foreign capital and technology.

Advantage.

In a word, because the third and fourth belts are in "Han"

Cultural circle ",and therefore with the eastern coastal areas of China.

The blood-related cultural traditions make the eastern coastal areas and

It is easier for western countries to learn from Japan's successful economy in the near future.

With the arrival of the 2 1 century and the transfer of the world cultural center to Asia, it will become a great place.

The transfer of Pingyang District, the aura of southeast coastal economic take-off has been

Hanging high in the sky

Main references:

1 Wang Huichang; Cultural Geography of China, Huazhong Normal University Press, 1992e.

② Xia Tian: Origin of Chinese Civilization, Cultural Relics Publishing House, 1985,

[Editor Liao Zhihong]

[Author Brief Introduction] Wang Huichang, male, Yinggu nationality, S, 1943, is from southern Henan Province.

Yang Ren, Master of Science, is currently a professor of geography at Huazhong Normal University.

His main works are China.

China's cultural geography and the laundry list and cemetery of classical civilization.