Entrepreneurial stories about college students' innovation

Nowadays, in many colleges and universities in China, college students' mental health education has just started and has not yet formed a systematic system. To this end, I will sort out the relevant contents of the entrepreneurial stories about college students' innovation. Welcome to consult them.

Innovative entrepreneurial stories of college students (I)

Emotion refers to the physical and mental experience of people's attitude towards some objective things and objects in the environment, which is the most basic emotional phenomenon. Based on the relationship between college students' emotional state and related social and cultural factors, this paper analyzes the factors that affect college students' individual emotional differences from the psychological point of view: it is related to parents' culture, personal characteristics, gender roles and social culture, and different grades of universities. Another group indicator is that some emotional indicators of college students from rural areas are worse than those from cities.

Keywords college students; Individual emotional differences; psychoanalysis

First, the cognition of emotions.

Emotion is an important factor affecting physical and mental health. College students in the late adolescence have rich emotional experiences and great emotional fluctuations, and their mental health depends largely on their emotional health. Negative and bad emotional state will reduce the study and work efficiency of college students, and serious emotional distress may lead to college students' physical and mental health. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand emotions, the principle of their occurrence, the influence of emotions on college students' psychology and learn self-regulation to improve their psychological quality and promote their healthy growth.

Emotion is the physical and mental experience of people's attitude towards some objective things and objects in the environment. It is the most basic emotional phenomenon and an extraordinary intellectual factor that has a great influence on the success of life. The power of emotions and people's attempts to regulate emotions are common phenomena in daily life, and they are also an indispensable part of daily life. It is generally believed that emotions include basic emotions and complex emotions. Ezard pointed out that there are eight? 1 1 Basic emotions, such as happiness, surprise, anger, sadness, fear, disgust, interest, shyness, contempt, guilt, etc. Complex emotions (such as depression) are a mixture of many basic emotions.

(1) Emotion

(1) has its physiological response: different emotional states have different physiological characteristics. For example, in an angry state, there will be blushing and sweating.

(2) It is an inner feeling: different emotional states are bound to be reflected in people's perception and consciousness. Thereby forming people's different inner experiences. When someone is hurt again, they will feel pain.

(3) It will be manifested in behavior: facial expressions directly reflect people's emotional state. For example, when the team you want wins, you can't help smiling. Some students will feel sad when they encounter setbacks. In addition, emotions can also be reflected through physical behavior and voice.

(B) the role of emotions

(1) self-protection function; If you are hurt, the anger will make people stand up and protect themselves.

(2) interpersonal communication.

(3) information transmission function; A smile and a look can express love for each other. After understanding the principle and function of emotion. This leads us to a topic: Why do different people show different emotional reactions to the same situation and experience? Let's discuss this problem.

Second, the factors affecting individual emotional differences

1, what are the individual emotional differences?

"Individual emotional difference" refers to the different emotions that everyone shows when facing the same thing or the same situation.

2. Factors affecting the individual emotional differences of college students.

2. 1, social culture

People in different areas will have different views on the same thing. Jack of Xin and Anne of Mysterious Grassland are studying in the same university. The weather is hot in summer vacation, and they are both sick. In Jack's view, he was ill because he didn't think of God when he went to church to pray in summer. This is God's punishment for his ungodliness, and he deserves it. Annie thinks that this disease is caused by witchcraft. Witchcraft is an unpredictable force, so Anne feels afraid and anxious. This case just shows that different cultural backgrounds lead to great differences in reactions and emotions to "diseases", and emotional experience can fully reflect human nature and social culture. Of course, this does not mean that there are no similarities between cultures. Some theories believe that fear; Sadness and happiness are both emotional experiences that transcend the cultural gap, but it is precisely because of the different social and cultural backgrounds that the same emotion has different expressions and different meanings. Universities are gathering places of different geographical groups and are composed of people with different cultural customs. Therefore, different cultures have an influence on the mood of college students.

2.2, family background and educational differences

Family background: In college, some students from poor families are under great psychological pressure, and often feel confused, anxious and depressed because of life difficulties, tuition fees and family debts. At the same time, the well-off students, superior family environment and the difficulties of studying in college are in sharp contrast. Therefore, there will also be emotional troubles such as being tired of learning, having no goal in life, and doing nothing. Family education: its educational methods are divided into dictatorship, laissez-faire and democracy. Because of their own characteristics, their daughters feel different emotions and develop different coping styles. Let's take a look at a simple example of dictatorship: Xiaomei fell in love with awei in college, but she delayed it more and more. Although she knows that awei is very kind to herself, considering that her mother doesn't like awei and awei's poor family, she always compares awei with her relatives intentionally or unintentionally, and now she is not sure whether to continue to associate with awei. Mother's attitude makes Xiaomei feel uneasy and afraid. Without her mother's approval, Xiaomei really has no confidence in a love. For the existence of this unstable love university pop movie, through this short example, we will find that different types of family education will bring different emotional development to children, and we will make different emotional expressions.

2.3, gender roles and urban-rural differences

Different sexes also show differences in emotional state. Research shows that women are better at communicating and expressing emotions than men. Patience; And clearer. It is also better at transmitting and receiving nonverbal information than men, and it is also better at dealing with emotional related problems than men. Men are prone to become depressed people and ignore each other's feelings, but it does not rule out that men do not have advantages in dealing with emotions, such as assurance, forgiveness and trying to compromise. In addition, the difference in brain structure between men and women will also cause women to have stronger emotional insight than men, and there are also great differences in emotional feelings and expressions and physiological differences, which will also bring about emotional changes. In addition, there are obvious differences in anxiety, depression, self-esteem and subjective well-being between urban and rural college students from different sources.

Generally speaking, college students from rural areas are worse than those from urban areas in the above psychological experience, which are mainly manifested as: state anxiety, introversion depression, high suicide risk, low self-esteem and happiness. This study suggests that special attention should be paid to college students from rural areas when conducting mental health education for college students. First of all, understand its economic situation and take necessary improvement measures. In addition, emotional social support is also an important link, especially the establishment of close and stable interpersonal relationships, which is an important basis for improving their comprehensive coping ability and maintaining emotional health. In the regular mental health education for college students, we should carry out some group activities and consultations to maintain emotional health, so that every student can establish the necessary interpersonal support system. In addition, such activities can also meet the needs of college students' emotional talk and interpersonal communication, and can promote their self-exploration, mutual understanding and common development.

Third, the conclusion and emotional management of college students

Master the factors that affect the emotional differences of college students and understand the important role of emotions in the healthy growth of college students. Although there are emotional differences between different individuals, everyone's emotions are the same, but the way of expression and the reflection of body and expression are different. "Emotional management" is to express emotions in the most appropriate way. As Aristotle said, "it is not difficult for anyone to be angry, but it is even harder to be angry with the right object at the right time." Accordingly, emotional management refers to expressing emotions to the appropriate objects in a timely and appropriate manner. College students need to be aware of their own and others' true emotions, learn to express and control their emotions appropriately, and improve their emotional intelligence. At the same time, college students should change their ideas, establish a correct outlook on life, recognize the value and significance of life, correctly face the setbacks and troubles in life, properly evaluate themselves and establish a healthy attitude towards life.

refer to

Ye, Zeng Zhenhua. Emotional management and mental health [M]. Beijing: Peking University Publishing House, 2007.

[2] Meng. Emotional psychology [M]. Beijing beijing University Press 2005.

[3] Deng. A Study on the Relationship between College Students' Emotional Orientation, Emotional Expression and Mental Health [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2003, (2).

[4] Zhou Xiaohong, Modern Social Psychology, Shanghai People's Publishing House, 1 May 19971Edition, September 2005 1 1 Edition printing, p. 274.

About the author:

1. Liu (198 1-), male, teacher of Chengdu Normal University, bachelor, research interests: educational psychology, psychology.

2. Zhou Rui (1984-), female, teacher of Sichuan Vocational College of Finance and Economics, master's degree candidate, research direction: curriculum and teaching theory, university economics curriculum research.

Innovative entrepreneurial stories of college students (2)

In this case, the visitor showed obvious emotional distress due to life stress events. On the basis of establishing a good relationship between consultation and interview, rational emotional therapy is adopted to inspire visitors to discover their unreasonable cognition, explore the possibility of change, gradually establish reasonable cognition and relieve emotional distress.

Rational emotional therapy; Unreasonable cognition; Emotional distress

I. Basic information

(1) Information of the parties concerned

Visitor Lan Lan (pseudonym), female, 20 years old, sophomore, majoring in Japanese. From Shanghai, an only child, both parents are workers, and her family's economic situation is medium. The visitor has no serious physical illness.

(2) Tourist complaints

I am very upset because of the fungal infection of my right thumb nail. When I visited, half my nails were gone. Although I saw a doctor in the dermatology department of a third-class first-class hospital, the doctor made it clear that it was just a common fungal infection. As long as you take the medicine on time, it will be fine in about half a month, but I just can't believe what the doctor said, because the doctor only spent about two minutes helping him see the doctor, and before he finished speaking, the doctor prescribed the medicine. I feel that the doctor doesn't fully understand the condition at all. So, I'm worried that my nails will never grow well again. Every time I see my nails, I feel anxious. I can't help but want to trim my nails to make myself look better, but it often backfires. After pruning, I can't accept them any more, and my mood will be even worse. I don't want to do anything. Now my parents and classmates in the dormitory have put away the nail clippers and won't let me repair them any more. Now I worry about this nail every day and feel that I am the most unlucky person. I'm the only one who has encountered this kind of thing, and my nails can't grow well anymore. I can't help but want to get a manicure. Although I know that repeated manicure will make my nails recover more slowly and get uglier, I just can't help but feel terrible. I looked up some information on the internet and felt that I might have obsessive-compulsive disorder, which made me more worried.

(3) Psychological evaluation and diagnosis

According to the visitor's chief complaint, the visitor is troubled by negative emotions such as anxiety and worry. I gave her a self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and the statistical result was 48 points, which was 40 points higher than the normal critical level. The data shows that visitors are obviously anxious. Because of nail fungal infection, visitors show obsessive-compulsive tendency in thought and behavior, because the diagnosis and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder are not within the scope of school psychological counseling, and visitors also want to go to professional mental health institutions for diagnosis. I sent her to the mental health center. The focus of my consultation is to solve the emotional distress of visitors and dig out the cognitive root behind emotions.

Second, a brief analysis

Lan Lan's father is a very rigid person in life. He is very strict with her, such as putting everything in the designated place, or his father will scold her. Light blue mother has a strong personality. Whenever light light blue is scolded by her father and wants to seek comfort and warmth from her mother, her mother can't respond. Family environment and growth experience have a lot to do with light light blue's pursuit of perfection, sensitivity and stubbornness. When encountering the stress event that nails are infected by fungi, light light blue shows unreasonable cognition and has extremely bad and biased irrational beliefs. Unreasonable cognition leads to a series of negative emotions such as anxiety and worry.

Based on the above analysis, through the consultation of visitors, we can achieve the goal of * * * knowledge consultation: to alleviate the negative emotions such as anxiety and worry of visitors, to help visitors find their own unreasonable cognition, to understand the influence of unreasonable cognition on emotions and behaviors, to change unreasonable cognition, and to help visitors establish new reasonable cognition and get rid of emotional troubles.

Psychological counseling plan and intervention:

Psychological counseling projects are divided into three stages:

In the first stage, give visitors full support and attention, collect information with sincerity, empathy and acceptance, ease their anxiety, establish a good relationship between consultation and visit, and refer them to the municipal mental health center; In the second stage, understand the visitor's family environment, growth experience and other aspects, analyze the thoughts behind her emotions with the visitor, help her distinguish which thoughts are unreasonable, realize how unreasonable cognition affects her emotions, explore the direction and possibility of changing unreasonable cognition, and arrange cognitive homework; In the third stage, visitors feedback the completion of homework, encourage visitors to combine the knowledge gained in consultation and talks with daily life, strengthen and consolidate new reasonable cognition, and promote changes in mood and behavior.

Feedback on the actual situation of all parties:

The first stage was carried out twice. The visitor said that the patience, active attention and timely response of the counselor made her feel more relaxed and more willing to express her thoughts and feelings. The first two consultations of visitors were during military training, and after the military training, it was summer vacation. Because of the good consultation relationship established in the early stage, visitors came to the consultation room after the school started.

The second stage was carried out twice. Visitors said that talking about family environment and growth experience is helpful to think about their cognitive style, analyze their cognition and explore the relationship between cognition and emotion. After arguing with the counselor, they saw the irrationality in their cognition and were willing to try to change it. At the end of the fourth consultation, visitors were assigned homework.

The third stage was carried out twice. In the fifth and sixth consultation, visitors described the completion of homework, saying that this method is helpful to discover unreasonable beliefs in time and find reasonable cognition through self-debate, thus alleviating anxiety to a great extent. Visitors expressed their willingness to continue their efforts to integrate the knowledge gained in the consultation with their daily lives, and they will come to seek help if they encounter further difficulties.

Third, the process record

The first time visitors visit is during the military training (the military training in our school is arranged at the end of the freshman year, and after the military training, it is the summer vacation of the freshman year). Unable to insist on military training, he came to the psychological counseling room himself. At that time, his expression was dim, his right thumb nail was wrapped in gauze, and his mood was very low.

(from the first consultation process)

Hello, classmate. I am a teacher at the school psychological counseling center. You can call me teacher Zhang. What should I call you?

Interviewer: Teacher, please call me light light blue. Teacher, I feel very uncomfortable. I really can't stick to military training.

I can see that you are in a bad mood. Can you tell me exactly what happened?

Interviewer: Some time ago, my right thumb nail seemed to be infected and ugly. This makes me very upset and not in the mood.

Q: Physical problems will definitely affect your mood. Have you ever been to the hospital?

Interviewer: Yes, the doctor said it was a common fungal infection. He gave me some medicine and said it would take two weeks to get well, but it's been a month now and I'm still not well.

I can see that you are worried and anxious about your nails. If you rate your anxiety level, 10 means extremely worried, and 0 means not worried at all. What do you think of your current anxiety level?

Interviewer: 10, I can't help but wonder if my nails will never get better, although I know it's useless to think so.

Q: Apart from these thoughts that bother you and affect your mood, what else bothers you?

At this time, the visitor was silent. I judged that she hesitated and should be worried. Light light blue, you can rest assured that everything you say will be kept secret for you. This is the principle of our psychological counseling work. Here, you don't have to worry about telling your truth. Only in this way can I help you better.

Interviewer: Well, this kind of teacher has a lot to do with myself. I have a bad habit of cutting my nails very short and sometimes biting them with my mouth, so my nails are always short. Maybe that's why I got a fungal infection. Although the doctor won't let me cut my nails any more, I just can't help it. I always thought my nails were ugly, and I always wanted to get a nice manicure. However, the shorter I trimmed it, the more dissatisfied I became, and half of my nails were missing, which was scary.

May I take it that you regret your behavior? If you had listened to the doctor and taken medicine on time instead of manicure, the fungal infection might have healed by now, and your nails wouldn't look so ugly and your mood wouldn't be so bad?

Interviewer: Yes, I really hate why I have to cut my nails over and over again. The nails are already very short and need to be cut. I know it's wrong, but I can't help it. I can't cut my nails once, but I want to cut them again. Now my parents and classmates who are close to each other in the dormitory know about it, and they all put away their nail clippers, fearing that I will continue to cut my nails.

People around you are very concerned about your health, so am I, Lan Lan, can you show me your nails?

Interviewer: Teacher, are you sure you want to see it? Now it's only half. It's scary.

It doesn't matter. Let me have a look.

The visitor took off the bandaged gauze and showed it to me. Her right thumb nail, above? I bought some purple potions, and my nails are only half left.

Interviewer: Teacher, do you think it is ugly and scary?

I don't feel ugly, and I don't feel horrible. In my opinion, it's just a problem in a certain part of the body, showing a state of illness.

Reporter: I wish I could think like you, teacher.

It takes a process to change your mind. Let's work together. Besides these, what are your other conditions, such as sleep and diet?

Interviewer: I slept well and my diet hasn't changed. I just often think about it when I wake up in the morning, and then I feel depressed immediately.

Q: Have you ever communicated this situation with people around you? What do parents, friends and classmates think of you?

Interviewer: My parents think it's a small matter, but I think too much myself. I often tell a friend that if she listens patiently, she will enlighten me. I'll feel better then, but soon I won't be able to. I started thinking again, want to get a manicure?

The second consultation was a week later, and the visitor had already been to the mental health center. The doctor diagnosed obsessive-compulsive disorder and prescribed medicine for her. The contents of the visitors include the process of going to the mental health center for diagnosis and the feeling of taking medicine after returning. The main purpose of this talk is to listen and collect information. The visitor said that there was no change except increased sleep after taking the medicine. I explained to her that it would take some time to take psychotropic drugs to have an effect, so that she could follow the doctor's advice and take the drugs on time.

(Excerpted from the third consultation process)

Q: Light light blue, how are you feeling recently?

Interviewer: I feel a little better than before, but I still can't help but worry that this nail will never get better and will always be so ugly.

Q: Do you remember the first scoring rule? How worried are you now?

Interview: 7 points.

I looked at the blue nails. They have grown out, much better than when I first went there.

It seems to me that your nails have recovered a lot.

Interviewer: Much better than before, but I'm still not satisfied. Last week, I asked my mother to accompany me to another hospital. The doctor also said it was a common fungal infection. This doctor, like the last one, sees a doctor quickly. I sat in it for only two minutes, and then I started to prescribe medicine. I haven't said anything. I think these doctors are not very responsible. If I want to ask more questions, they don't want to say more. They waited in line for two hours and saw the doctor for two minutes.

You want the doctor to listen to you patiently and give you a more detailed answer, don't you?

Interviewer: Yes, I have been waiting in line for such a long time. Yeah, shouldn't he say more to me? How can I believe I was sent away in two minutes?

This is to look at this matter from your point of view. We can try to look at it from the doctor's point of view. Doctors have regulations on the number of outpatient clinics every day. They must judge the condition of each patient in the shortest time. Doctors have treated patients like you before and are very experienced in dealing with this situation, so when doctors correctly judge your condition, they will prescribe it immediately. Have you ever thought about it that way?

Reporter: But the doctor looked so fast that it was hard for me to believe what he said.

Q: From what you say, I find it hard for you to trust others. Are you a little stubborn in life?

Reporter: Yes, teacher. I think I'm stubborn and it's hard to believe what others say. And my classmates and friends around me have never encountered such a problem. Only I am so unlucky that a little girl's nails have become like this.

Q: Just because no one around you has your experience, you think that you are the only one who has encountered such a thing. Is this one-sided? Is it too bad to think about the problem?

Interviewer: I always like to think the worst when I meet something. I can't help it.

The next consultation and the fourth consultant inspired the visitors to think from family environment, growth experience, education and other aspects, and used the debate technology to let the visitors find out their unreasonable cognition and the influence of unreasonable cognition on their emotions, and discussed how to change and assign homework to the visitors.

In the last two consultations, visitors talked about the completion of homework, and the consultants were also positive. At the same time, visitors are encouraged to combine consulting gains with daily life, strengthen and consolidate reasonable cognition, and confidently face the pressures and setbacks in life.

Four. Evaluation of consulting effect

In this case, I insist on taking the initiative to pay attention to visitors with a sincere, warm and cordial attitude, and use listening skills, empathy skills and self-disclosure skills to convey respect, understanding, acceptance and concern to visitors, so that the negative emotions of visitors can be vented and released, and a good relationship between visitors can be established. In the later stage of consultation, we should strengthen the guidance of consultation and use rational emotional therapy techniques, such as debating techniques and assigning cognitive homework, to inspire visitors to think about their unreasonable cognition, explore the possibility of change and promote their personal growth.

In the sixth consultation, the visitor talked about a friend of his friend. He was not healthy, but he was still optimistic and strong. What he met was only a small setback in his life. His idea is neither comprehensive nor too bad, irrational, and he is willing to replace it with new reasonable cognition. If you change your cognition, you will feel better. At this time, the visitor's score on the degree of worry is only 2 points, and the anxiety is obviously reduced. Visitors expressed their willingness to continue to apply the knowledge gained in the consultation to their daily lives, hoping to cope with setbacks and pressures again.

About a month after the consultation, visitors came to the consultation room. She said that she was preparing for the final exam. Through my observation and conversation with visitors, her emotional state is good. I encourage visitors to constantly consolidate and strengthen reasonable cognition in their daily life, practice reasonable cognition and internalize it into their own values. Only in this way can the counseling effect be lasting and stable, and the appropriate emotions and behaviors in the face of stress events can be obtained.

refer to

[1] Chen. Theory and technology of school psychological counseling [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai People's Publishing House, 2008.

About the author: Zhang Ruoshu (1982. 10-), female, Shanghai Sanda, research direction: mental health education.

Innovative entrepreneurial stories of college students (3)

Several computer chassis-sized 3D printers are buzzing, and there are "nail holders" designed by customers. This is the working scene of Ding Quan, a senior graduate of Wuhan University of Science and Technology. Neither he nor the machine has been idle because of heavy business this summer.

What's with 3D printing? Yesterday, Ding Quan gave a demonstration to reporters, "Did you just hit you? Wuhan Evening News? A few words. " He first entered these four words on the computer, converted them into three-dimensional graphics with software, and then imported them into a 3D printer. The machine starts immediately, and a conical nozzle sprays red hot plastic solution while moving rapidly. "Ordinary printers are flat printing, and 3D printing is layer-by-layer printing, and three-dimensional objects are built by superposition." He also dug out Hu Ba dolls, key chains and other gadgets, saying that it was for fun and friends would bring one when they met. 1 more hours later, the three-dimensional characters of Wuhan Evening News were typed.

In his junior year, Ding Quan taught himself the printing technology by using the 3D printer in the university laboratory, and now all the faults can be handled by himself. In April this year, he set up a company to help customers turn ideas into objects. In the past, customers' industrial design had to be modeled by CNC machine tools and other equipment, and it cost tens of thousands of yuan to make a model. Now through his 3D printer, it can be printed quickly, and the charge ranges from several hundred to several thousand yuan. He has printed various models such as automobile exhaust pipes and smart door locks.

On the International Anti-Drug Day this year, the exhibition halls of anti-drug prevention education in Shandong Province and Jinan City were opened, and several models of human organs damaged by drug erosion shocked visitors. The police at the scene said that these were printed by college students with a 3D printer. After the exhibition, Ding Quan received an invitation from other anti-drug exhibition halls in Shandong to make a model. His company has been in operation for 4 months, with a turnover of 60,000 yuan and an average monthly turnover of 1.5 million yuan.

In Ding Quan's studio, there are two running 3D printers, both of which were assembled by himself. He said that the key equipment was found on the Internet and the auxiliary equipment was printed by himself. The total cost is only 1000 yuan, far lower than the price of thousands on the market. On this basis, he intends to optimize, improve and develop a small mini-family toy printer.

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