What is the distribution of categorical propositions?

If the extension of the subject or predicate in a categorical proposition is fully asserted, then the subject or predicate of this proposition is extensional; if the extension of the subject or predicate of a proposition is not fully asserted, then the subject or predicate of this proposition is

The term or predicate term is not distributed.

1. The universal affirmation of the distribution of the subject and predicate of the proposition "All S is P" asserts all S, that is, it asserts all the extension of the subject S, so the subject S is distributed.

However, the question stem does not conclude that all P is S, so the predicate P is not distributed.

2. The universal negation of the proposition's subject and predicate is distributed. "All S is not P" asserts all S, that is, it asserts all the extensions of the subject S. Therefore, the subject S is distributed, and in the question stem

All S is not P. It can be inferred that all P is not S. All Ps are determined, that is, all extensions of P are determined, so the predicate term P is distributed.

3. The extension of the subject and predicate of the particular affirmative proposition "Some S is P" only asserts part of the extension of the subject S, but does not assert the entire extension of S. Therefore, the subject S is not distributed.

However, the question stem does not conclude that all P is S, so the predicate P is not distributed.

4. The extension of the subject and predicate of the special negative proposition "Some S is not P" only asserts part of the extension of the subject S, but does not assert the entire extension of S. Therefore, the subject S is not distributed.

Some S is not P, which means that some are not any of P. The extension of P is all determined, so the predicate term P is extensional.

For singular categorical propositions, judging from the assertion of the extension of the subject concept, the extensionality of singular propositions and universal propositions is consistent. They both assert all the extensions of the subject concept. Therefore, traditional logic classifies singular propositions into universal propositions.

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Extended information: The relationship between subject and predicate items in categorical judgment and the extensional relationship between subject and predicate items are two completely different relationships.

The extensional relationship between subject and predicate in categorical judgment is the extensional relationship between the concept of subject and the concept of predicate or the relationship between two types of things that is independent of the form of categorical judgment.

When the things reflected by a concept exist and are not all categories, there are five types of relationships between concept extensions: identity relationship, true inclusion relationship, true inclusion relationship, intersection relationship, and dissimilarity relationship.