Economic theory of China's economic theory

With regard to China's political economy, Wang Yanan has long had a clear idea of construction, pointing out: "We already know that in the initial stage of China's economic research, there are two major tasks that must be completed: (1) On the negative side, we need to mercilessly criticize various theories that hinder China's economic understanding, especially those businessmen's consciousness that is as rampant as commercial capital; (2) On the positive side, according to the correct economic theory and the transition of China's economy, it is necessary to explore the trends and laws of some basic economic movements in China by developing, comprehensive and comparative methods. These two tasks are obviously not easy to complete. "

China economics, a conventional title of China's political economy, is actually "China's economic theory". Wang Yanan once took semi-feudal and semi-colonial old China as the research object, and analyzed the general situation, main contradictions and development direction of political economy in old China. Only by taking the whole of China-the whole history and the whole culture-as the research object can we establish "China's Political Economy". Liu Yongyi has done a good job in inheritance research, and has written monographs: Criticism of China's Official Culture (2000), China's Economic Contradiction: An Outline of China's Political Economy (2004), China's Political Economy-Subject, Doctrine, Theme and Proposition (20 10) and Exploration of China's Political Economy Methodology.

There are also many monographs, such as Hu Jichuang's History of Economic Thought in China (1963) and Cheng Enfu's Economics of Rebuilding China (20 15). These studies all emphasize the national historical standard and modern innovation principle of economics, and all take into account the latest academic development trend. It can be seen that it is its basic direction to take Marxism as the guide, attach importance to tradition, serve modernity, and take the road of combining ancient and modern times and developing China and the West. In view of this, we should rebuild the mainstream economics in China with "Ma Xue" as the body, "Western learning" as the application and "Chinese studies" as the root.

China is in the era of "post-Wang Yanan" theory construction, and needs to realize a real research leap;

First, on the basis of Schumpeter, it really goes further, surpassing Schumpeter's "practical dichotomy" and integrating history, theory and statistics in the field of combining historical methods with category methods; Second, on the basis of Wang Yanan, it really moved forward, transcending the narrow understanding of China's economic theory and entering the comprehensive significance of China's economic construction; Thirdly, we will finally take a real step forward on the basis of Marx, deeply study the development model of China's "limited capitalism" in China's systematic and practical historical domain, and expound the practical logic and limitations of the transformation and concretization of individual capital into "total social capital". Lukacs sharply defined the above-mentioned different relations in theory: "The difference between pre-capitalist society and capitalist society is mainly the difference between capitalism that is rising and fighting for its role in society and capitalism that has ruled society." The practice of socialist market economy has greatly promoted this conclusion from the realistic direction and provided it with the possibility of understanding.

China's economic construction also shoulders the historical mission of China and the "Chinese Dream". On the basis of Wang Yanan's original work, China's economic construction proposition attracted the participation of two generations of Marxist research groups and many scholars, and experienced the evolution from "value-oriented research" to "practice-oriented research". As a result, it has been promoted to a comprehensive innovation and development journey of "research with history and practice as a composite orientation". Among them, valuable research clues include: (1) centering on the construction of contemporary Socialism with Chinese characteristics's economic theory system, forming a new summary of China's economic theory system; Such as China's socialist political economy theory, socialist market economy theory and China's economic system theory. (2) Based on the practical generation of socialist realistic economics, various new theories are formed; Such as socialist transition economics, development economics and transition economics, as well as China's development model theory and evolutionary society theory. (3) Based on the "China application" of theoretical economics, form a systematic research summary and ideological understanding system; For example, China's theory of economic operation, China School of Economics and so on. However, there are also many research deficiencies objectively. Mainly reflected in the following theoretical viewpoints: (1) negative and inaction "pessimism" viewpoint; (2) vague concept of "independent innovation"; (3) Absolute "Transcendentalism" view; (4) blind "paradigm theory" view; (5) the viewpoint of "single constructivism"; (6) vulgar concept of "dialectical working principle"; (7) extreme "de-classization" view; And (8) the view of "pro-scientism" or "pan-scientism", etc.

In the final analysis, since the logic and methodology of Das Kapital stipulate the Genesis-the Genesis of Materialism and the Genesis of Historical Materialism, we should realize that the slogan of "Return to Marx" is actually false, because the way to really meet Marx is through history and practice, not the text itself. The road of political economy practice aims to break through the cage of bourgeois scientism thinking and can lie in the cage of finally releasing hermeneutic language forever. Explain that the research problem should start with historical analysis. If we think too much, we have to admit that up to now, human's internal understanding of their own historical structure has been laid by Capital. The combination of theory and practice again and again has made China people gradually understand a truth: "A country that advocates the capitalist system in Europe and the United States as an ideal transplant is certainly impossible."

The name is not right. This determines that the language of economics cannot be entirely produced by mathematics. If economics is regarded as a hard science in the sense of science or natural science, it can't be done and it is not correct. To construct China's economics, we must carefully digest Das Kapital, base ourselves on Wang Yanan's work, go further, completely eliminate the chronic diseases and heavy influences of the "quartering method" and the "trinity formula model", and create a brand-new theoretical development path. This is a long process, and there is a long way to go to defend Capital Theory and build China's economics.

However, if we are pessimistic about this and say something about the development of Das Kapital, it is a blind spot and we can't see the essence of people's "escape" from Das Kapital. Blindly "reading" and "observing" make the spirit of Das Kapital lose its color, leaving only the skin of Zhang Kexue. A China person who doesn't know Tao Te Ching, Historical Records and A Dream of Red Mansions is said to be "familiar with Capital". If he doesn't specifically refer to the understanding of European history in 16- 19 century represented by Britain, especially the development history of western Europe, then he must fully expose the unity of his work and the way of combining historical works with scientific works. Because for him, Das Kapital has always been a dead article. Here, we might as well insert a digression: What is the correct reading method of Capital? Imitate what Cai Yuanpei said in A Dream of Red Mansions: "Divergence is the most valuable, but we don't agree." It is extremely valuable to express different opinions on Das Kapital, but we should also remember that there is only one instruction for historical truth in the end.

The unification of China is a unified country cultivated by history, thinking, language and culture. The arrival of Das Kapital in China is indeed in step with the deepening historical pace of oriental economics. Since then, China people have been trying to understand and use this great work in the context of China, especially to correctly appreciate the profound language buried in it. Frankly speaking, this is a historical reading accompanied by the direct impact of ideas, and it is a magnificent and powerful thinking docking. Since the reform and opening up, the practice of China Theory is a recent work. By making good use of reading, we can realize the "creative transformation" of capital within the China system! Under this historical commanding height and ideological commanding height, the question is not why capital should be guarded, but what and how. In short, the construction of China's political economy is the inheritance, transformation and development of "economics" with the qualifications of China people and the reading and language habits of China people. China economics, the theoretical abbreviation of China's political economy, does not only mean that economics or political economy is in China, nor does it mean that one or even all branches and schools of economics are in China. In essence, it is an economic theory and working system divorced from China's history and culture. To this end, we must "root" the original law and find the national connotation and working logic. In short, we should "go home, go back to history, go back to China" and look for local language wisdom and way of thinking.