Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional culture - What are the traditional Chinese furniture styles?
What are the traditional Chinese furniture styles?
China's traditional furniture to the Ming Dynasty to the peak of the development of human civilization as a treasure, followed by the Qing Dynasty furniture, in the Kangxi and Qianlong period, still has a high artistic taste, and then deteriorating, into the scale of heavy but too much material, decorative style vulgarity and excessive misunderstanding, there is a decadence. The social reason is that the feudal system is declining, corruption, darkness; corruption has been structural, the rulers are extravagant, fight for wealth; economic in the "closed country" state, the natural economy of the agricultural society has been unable to feed the expanding population, the productivity of the withering, not to mention innovation and development. In fact, the Oriental civilization was facing a great crisis, accumulating weakness and poverty, and was unaware of the impending catastrophe. History continues to the end of the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, the collapse of traditional society, the nation in the bloodshed, death, struggle and disaster in the valley, Chinese furniture and its design has been from the old glory to the decline. From the point of view of history, it can be assumed that in the middle of the 19th century, or put it as 1851, the style of Chinese furniture appeared in the stream. The reasons are: (1) 1841 the first opium war and 1850 the second opium war, the western civilization with "ships and cannons" destroyed the self-confidence of the eastern civilization. 1851, the emperor of the Qing dynasty married, the court even imported furniture from the west. (2) in the mid-19th century, the Austrian Thonet (Michael Thonet) has mastered the solid wood bending technology, mass production of curved wood furniture, and almost simultaneously with the American Bilt (John Henry Belter) developed a layer of wood technology, the British Pratt (Samuel Pratt) was the first to obtain the "spring upholstery" patent. These actually indicate the birth of modern furniture. (3) Since the middle of the 19th century, Western furniture has undergone many fundamental changes in the process of furniture style upheaval and change, and has begun the exploration of modern furniture, changing from decorative to functional, and from handmade to mechanical. More importantly, European theorists such as Ruskin (John Ruskin), Cole and others put forward the "combination of art and technology" and other "industrial design" ideas. (4) At the beginning of the 19th century, the Industrial Revolution was completed in all European countries. In order to show off the great achievements of the Industrial Revolution to the world, Britain put forward the proposal of organizing the World's Fair in the middle of the 19th century, which was soon responded by all European countries. 1851, the world's first international fair was opened in London. The exhibition halls were all made of steel and glass, called the "Crystal Palace". From the mid-19th century, Western furniture began to modernize, while Chinese furniture went into decline. It is worth pointing out that, although in general there was a break in the Chinese furniture style, there were still some highlights in the local area, such as the emergence of Western-style furniture workshops in Shanghai, such as Shui Ming Chang, etc., to take the "Western style in the way to do", made a number of good Western-style furniture, and in the decorative aspects of a large number of Chinese motifs applied. Another highlight is after the founding of new China, Shanghai and the surrounding areas of the production of "new-style furniture", which is the same as the British after the Second World War to implement the "practical furniture system". China's furniture market is in the reform and opening up to the world, consumers have only really begun to understand the international furniture styles and trends. In this case, China's furniture industry is hungry to imitate European furniture, American furniture and Japanese furniture is not surprising
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