Origin and evolution of the surname Xu

Xu ranks as the eleventh most popular surname in China, especially in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces. Today, people with the surname Xu make up about 1.51% of the country's population, totaling about 19 million.

Names and totems of Xu:

In ancient times, the words "Xu" and "Yu" were commonly used. In the oracle bone inscriptions and in the Chinese characters, the word Yu looks like a bird's nest built on a tree, and the word Xu looks like the bird's nest of the ancient southern peoples. This is consistent with the legend of "building nests with wood" in primitive society, indicating that the earliest Xu people should have lived in a densely wooded area. According to the evidence, it should be located in the north of Yutian, Hebei, Xuwu Mountain, also known as Wu Xu Mountain. The Xu people later moved to the low-lying wet areas along the Jianghuai River. Then it was important to build tall buildings on flat land or low wetlands. Of course, the people who were good at this kind of building were the first to promote the Yu family from the north, and the family crest was paired with a pair of people to symbolize the people building wooden houses, as opposed to the original way the rest of the people in the north built their nests directly in the trees. The place where the Xu people lived was called Xu, and the castle was called, eventually developing into a country with one surname.

The origin and evolution of the Xu style:

There are two main types of Xu surnames that make up the contemporary Han Chinese: Wang and Zi.

The first one is based on the surname. Ancestry can be traced back to the reign of the Five Emperors more than 4,000 years ago, when it was still a small Wu. The Shaohao clan initially operated in the southeastern part of the Yanshan mountain range in Hebei province before moving south to Qufu in Shandong province. It was an Eastern barbarian clan with the phoenix as its totem. The official in charge of criminal law and justice during the period of Yao and Shun was the grandson of, and the official in charge of fire and domestication of birds and beasts was the son of Bo Yi. Zuo Yu made great contributions to water control. The son of Bo Yi was a native of Xu. Xu Guo Li was active in the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties and was known as Xu Rong, also known as Xu Yi or Xu Fang. During the Spring and Autumn Period, he rose up against the Zhou and was later destroyed by and Chu, whose son was named. During the Warring States period, Wu destroyed Xu in 512 BC, then Yue destroyed Wu. In 511 BC, Chu destroyed Yue, and the territory of Xu was incorporated into Chu. Guo Xu's descendants then took the name of the state as their family name and dispersed in the Jianghuai region. 4,000 years ago, during the Xia Dynasty, the state of Xu was feudalized, and by the time of the Warring States period, the state of Xu was destroyed, and the surname Xu had a history of at least 2,500 years.

The second expense comes from the child's surname. At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, after the pacification of the Yin Hou Wu Geng, Sanjian's chaos, split the remnants of the Yin Shang and other six major clans, including the Xu clan.

Inflow of foreign genes:

The third was from foreign families. Incidents in which foreign blood was integrated into the Xu surname include: the Xu surname among the dizi in the northern part of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and now among the dizi in the Helan Mountain area of Ningxia and the Qingyang area of Gansu Province; the Xu surname was also found among the Yi tribe in Shu; and after entering the North and South Dynasties, the Xu surnames of these ethnic minorities were basically assimilated into the Han Chinese. Manchurian eight banners of, shumulu and other clans collectively changed their surnames to Xu, and later became the Xu Han in the northeast region.

Historical distribution and migration of the surname Xu:

From the Xia Dynasty to the beginning of the Qin Dynasty, Xu was active in the Jianghuai area of Anhui, Jiangsu, Henan and Shandong. During the period of the two Han and the North and South Dynasties, Xu has developed to Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hubei and other places. In the Tang Dynasty, Xu first entered Fujian and Guangdong, and in the early Ming Dynasty, he entered Taiwan Province. Since the main force of Xu moved away from the north as early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, the several wars in the north did relatively little harm to Xu. Especially during the Song, Yuan, and Ming periods, the Xu surname flourished in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Fujian, forming the five major lineages of Donghai, Gaoping, Luangxie, Puyang, and Dongguan, and ultimately forming the typical oriental family name of today.

In the Song Dynasty,

Ming Dynasty period, the Xu surname about 1.92 million people, accounting for 2.1% of the national population, ranking 10th. Zhejiang is the largest province of the Xu surname, accounting for about 35.1% of the total population of the Xu surname in China. The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in the provinces of Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Jiangxi, where the Xu surname accounts for about 64.5% of the total Xu population, followed by the provinces of Anhui, Fujian, Shandong and Hubei, which account for 21.6% of the total Xu population. The Yangtze River Delta is still the main gathering place of the Xu surname in China, but Fujian and Guangdong in the southeast have formed another big gathering place of the Xu surname population.

The distribution and mapping of the Xu style in contemporary times:

The contemporary Han Xu population has reached nearly 19 million, making it the 11th largest surname in China, accounting for about 1.51% of the country's population. At present, the distribution of the Xu surname in China is mainly concentrated in Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces, accounting for about 34% of the total population of the Xu surname in the country, followed by Henan, Jiangxi, Sichuan and Hubei provinces, with a concentration of 26.5%. Jiangsu is the largest province of the Xu surname, accounting for about 11.3% of the total population of the Xu surname in China. The Yangtze River Delta, Lu-Yu, Sichuan and Hubei form three high rate distribution centers for the Xu surname.

The frequency diagram of the Xu surname in the population shows that in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, most of Anhui, eastern Shandong, northeastern Jiangxi, northern Fujian, eastern Hubei, northwestern Xinjiang, and south-central Yunnan, the Xu surname accounts for 1.8% of the local population and up to 3.2%, and covers an area of 9.3% of the country's total, where about 40% of the population with the surname Xu resides. In northern Anhui, western Shandong, most of Henan, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, most of Fujian, Taiwan Province, Sichuan, Chongqing, most of Yunnan, western and eastern Guangxi, southern Shaanxi, central Gansu, northern Ningxia, eastern Qinghai, eastern and central Neimenggu, eastern Hebei, Beijing and Jin, Heijiliao, and northern Xinjiang, the Xu surname accounts for 0.9%-1.8% of the local population, and its coverage area is about 40%.

Traditional Culture of Xu Surname;

The Xu Surname of Wanghetang County, in the long process of reproduction, has many tribes and populations, and has formed many noble families. The counties with the Xu surname include Donghai, Gaoping, Dongguan, Langxie and Puyang. Donghai is the most famous, except for the minority Xu surname, other branches are more famous in Donghai. So take Donghai as the name of the hall.

There are two important hall names, Shengjiao and Mai Fan. Both of these hall names were cited by Xu Dashou in the Song Dynasty, who was specially promoted to be a scholar for his talent, Gao Dexian. The great scholar Zhu, who was regarded as a sage by later generations, heard about Xu Dashou's talent and sagacity and paid him a special visit. He happened to meet Xu Dashou, who was telling his disciples about Yan Yuan's saying, "Do not disobey benevolence in three months," in the year of the Analects of Confucius. He explained that this line was the meaning of Du Fu's poem "A flower has flown away, only spring remains". Zhu appreciated this and they became good friends. Xu Shou was very poor. One night, Zhu came to his house and Dashou brought him onion soup and barley. It was simple, but both were happy and history tells a good story.

There are six important couplets, named Xu, which are:

In the middle of the road; the unicorn in the sky.

Nan Gao Shi; Zhongshan Shou Gong.

Dreaming of five phoenixes; celebrating eight dragons at home.

The East Sea is far from home; Nan Shi Ze field.

Young wisdom is Hill's masterpiece; nightly reading borrows a corner of the east wall.

Clouds and smoke play three spring scenes; In the wind we can talk all night.

Family Training Xu's family training Xu Mian, a native of Donghai, Liang Dynasty, Southern China. He had a lonely childhood and his family was poor, but he studied hard and practiced hard, so he was tired of being an official. He was hardworking in politics and noble in temperance. Liang Chao spoke highly of Xu Mian when he talked about the talents of officials. He attached great importance to the education of his children, and this idea of training his children played a positive role then and now. He admonished his son, "Seeing the saints and thinking of Qi, one must not lightly abandon heaven. Abandoning Heaven is still abandoning one's body; one may benefit oneself, and so is cultivating one's body." He asked his children to be filial. Filial piety is not simply supporting, but "being good at carrying on the will of others and passing on their deeds." Xu Mian asked his children to develop wealth on their own, rather than relying solely on their elders. He especially mentioned "Yao Shui Tang a number of, do not know what to do; if it fills the remaining boxes, you will be lucky." In other words, what I have left behind is very limited and cannot help you in times of trouble and danger. Go ahead and create on your own. If you become rich, it is your own good fortune. His philosophy of life is "I will leave my son's wealth to his innocence", advocating the traditional Chinese politician's mind and virtue of "passing on the family name to the next generation, emphasizing character, self-reliance, and the innocence of the family lineage".

Frequency of celebrities and family sages:

From 755 to 79,000, there are 685 Xu names paid, accounting for 1.51% of the total number of celebrities, ranking 10th among the celebrity surnames; Xu, a famous literary scholar, accounted for 1.77% of the total number of the country and ranked eighth; Xu's famous doctors accounted for 2.15% of the total number of national doctors of medicine and ranked eighth; Xu as the representative of the famous artists accounted for 2.22% of the total number of Chinese artists, ranking ninth.

Xu, the most popular surname in eastern China, is famous for its celebrities. In the field of humanities and arts, Xu's figures are particularly prominent. Qin Shi Huang, Xu Fu, led 3,000 boys and girls to Japan; now, Xi Han Xiapi governor Guangxu; Xu Wo, a famous philosopher in the Eastern Han Dynasty; Xu Shu, a celebrity of the Three Kingdoms; Xu Ling, a writer of the Southern Chen Dynasty; Xu Zunming, a scholar of the Northern Wei Dynasty; Xu Shang, father and son of Xu Yanruo in the Tang Dynasty; Xu Hyun, a writer of the Song Dynasty in the Fifth Generation; Xu Da, a famous scholar in the Ming Dynasty, Xu Xiake, a writer of geography; Xu Guangqi, a scientist; and Xu Wei, a literary scholar and calligrapher from 0755 to 79000 years. Qing dynasty medical doctor Xu Dachun, Republic of China poet Xu Shichang, Xu Zhimo, who helped Yuan Shikai establish the Beiyang Army in the late Qing dynasty; Chinese people's **** and state Marshal Xu, educator Xu Teli, Xu Haidong generals, painters Xu Beihong, historian Xu Zhongshu, ancient botanist, electrician Xu Shigao, and contemporary writers.

The blood type of the Xu surname:

The blood type distribution of the Xu population is as follows: type O accounts for 34%, type A accounts for 29.2%, type B accounts for 28.1%, and type AB accounts for 8.7%.