How to make hand-dyed canvas

Batik is an ancient anti-dyeing process, which was called "wax valerian" in ancient times. Together with Twisted Valeriana and Zhavalerian, it is called the three basic types of dyed Valeriana in ancient China. Named after using beeswax as a resist, it has a history of more than 2000 years. Batik products are varied and distinct. Batik patterns are mainly flowers, trees and geometric figures, with a moderate amount of insects, fish, birds and animals. In addition to the exquisite pattern, it also lies in the cracks on the fabric after the wax is cooled, and the pigment permeates into the cracks to get lines of various colors, commonly known as "ice lines". With the same pattern design, different "ice patterns" can be obtained after batik. Therefore, "ice pattern" is also a major feature of batik crafts, and "ice pattern" is known as the "soul" of batik.

Batik technology is widely popular in ethnic minority areas in southwest China, especially in Guizhou, among which the batik products of Miao nationality in Anshun, Guizhou are the most famous. Batik art has been handed down from generation to generation in minority areas. After a long historical development process, he has accumulated rich creative experience and formed a unique national artistic style. It is a wonderful work of national art in China. ?

Batik production process:? Generally, batik fabrics are folk self-woven white homespun, but also organically woven white cloth, cotton silk and poplin. The main resist is yellow wax (beeswax), sometimes mixed with white wax. ? Beeswax is the secretion of wax glands in the abdomen of bees. It is insoluble in water, but it can melt when heated. It is this characteristic that is used as a batik resist. The dye used is indigo produced in Guizhou. Guizhou is rich in bluegrass, a Polygonaceae plant with a stem about two or three feet high, which blooms in July and is harvested in August. Put the leaves of bluegrass in the pit and ferment them into indigo. In the rural market of Guizhou, some dyehouses use indigo as dye, but some buy indigo and dip it in the dye vat. ?

Batik cloth is made by coating wax, drawing, dyeing, dewaxing and washing. Because in the process of dyeing, the surface of wax white cloth will naturally crack, so that white gray cloth will be dyed with dyes, and many irregular color lines, either thick or thin, are also called turtle lines. These turtle patterns are the standard to distinguish real batik fabrics from imitation batik fabrics, because the turtle patterns designed by any imitation batik fabric are regular, while real batik fabrics are often difficult to find and can't find exactly the same turtle patterns.

The tool for drawing wax flowers is not a brush, but a homemade steel knife. Because the brush dipped in wax is easy to cool and solidify, and the steel painting knife is easy to keep warm. This steel knife consists of two or more thin copper sheets with the same shape, one end of which is tied to a wooden handle. The blade is slightly open and the middle is slightly empty, so it is easy to dip in beeswax. According to the needs of drawing various lines, there are different specifications of copper knives, generally semi-circular, triangular, axe-shaped and so on. ?

The production method and technology of batik: spread white cloth flat on a wooden board or desktop, and point wax flowers. The way to light wax is to put beeswax in a ceramic bowl or a metal can, and melt the wax with charcoal ash or chaff shell fire in a brazier, so that you can paint with a copper knife dipped in wax. At present, in many areas, the large outline is determined according to the pattern of paper scissors, and then various patterns are drawn. The method of dip dyeing is to put the painted wax slices into indigo vats, and generally each slice needs to be soaked for five or six days. After soaking for the first time, take it out and dry it, and it will be light blue. Soak for a few times and it will become dark blue. If you need to have a two-color pattern on the same fabric, after the first soaking, the light blue will be stained with wax flowers, and the two-color pattern will appear after dyeing.

Guizhou batik is generally blue and white. There are two ways to make color batik: one is to draw a color pattern on white cloth, and then seal it with wax, and the color pattern will appear after impregnation; Another method is to rinse and dry with the general batik method, and then fill in the white place with color. The color dyes used in folk batik include red bayberry juice and yellow gardenia. ? I also want to mention a kind of handicraft called "wax chip". In some ethnic areas, pollution-free wax flowers are used as decorations. They decorate this "wax block" on their heads or clothes. This handicraft is white and tan, with harmonious colors and unique style. The disadvantage of "wax sheet" is that wax flowers fall off easily, so it can only be used locally on clothes. ?

In some ethnic areas, pollution-free wax flowers are used as decorations. They decorate this "wax block" on their heads or clothes. This handicraft is white and tan, with harmonious colors and unique style.

Batik production process is mostly manual operation. With the increasing demand for batik works of art, there are many machine-made batik-like paintings, but there is no chic style of manual batik and no unique naturally formed ice flower patterns. Therefore, hand-made batik works are sought after in the market, and their value is much higher than that of machine imitation. ? Generally, batik cloth is mostly used as women's headscarves, dresses, waists, quilt covers, door curtains and so on. Make curtains. Some of them have a high level of craftsmanship, and the patterns are very novel and exquisite. It is also used as an art wall hanging to decorate living rooms, living rooms and hotels.

At present, batik, as a national product, Guizhou tourism and export commodity, has been recognized by more and more people, showing attractive development prospects.