Brief introduction of dumb eye connection

Mulian Opera, a Han opera, specializes in "Mulian Saving Mother". Its story comes from Buddhist classics such as Different Classics and Different Methods, as well as Buddhist comments on the Lanjing. In the Tang and Five Dynasties, there were many varieties of Manglietia, and the stories were gradually complete. It has a historical connection with the rise of various arts and the rise and fall of Buddhism. People in the Tang Dynasty adapted the rap literature "Mulian Save Mother", and there was a seven-day play "Mulian Save Mother" in the Northern Song Dynasty. According to Song Mengyuan's Tokyo Dream of China: "Composer, after Chinese Valentine's Day, continued the mother play until the fifteenth." In the Ming dynasty, legendary dramas such as Mulian's drama of saving the mother and persuading the good appeared one after another. Manglietia's mother was sent to hell and suffered all kinds of hardships and retribution. Mu Lian did not avoid difficulties and obstacles, and went all over hell to look for her and begged the Buddha to save her. At the same time, it promoted feudal filial piety, religious superstition and karma. There are many acrobatic performances in the play, such as crossing the rope, turning over the table, pedaling the altar, skipping rope, jumping circles and jumping fire. And many independent short stories, such as Down the Mountain, Dumb Woman with Crazy Back, Wang Po Scolding Chicken, Zhao Hua Beating Laozi, etc. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the royal family once staged the legend of Manglietia to save her mother. During the Qianlong period, the Forbidden City also edited and performed "Persuasion of Goodness and Golden Branches", with 240 performances 10 days. In the early Ming Dynasty, there was a troupe in Nanling, Anhui Province, which mainly performed Mulian Opera. Afterwards, there were performances in Jingxian, Jingyang, Xuancheng and Taiping in Anhui, Liyang and Yixing in Jiangsu, Shaoxing, Xinchang and Hua Kai in Zhejiang, Wuyuan in Jiangxi, Hunan, Sichuan and Shaanxi. Mulian Opera has gone through the process from folk to court, after finishing, refining and perfecting by the court, and then to folk. Mulian opera has spread all over the country in modern times, especially in the south. Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan and other provinces all have their own Mulan Opera. No matter where Manglietia plays are, it is mainly based on the story that Fu Xiangguang married and went to heaven, Liu broke his oath and went to hell, Volob (the common name of Manglietia) converted to Buddhism to save his mother, and finally his family was promoted. Branches and leaves were added in various places, and repertoires that had nothing to do with Mu Lian but were admired by Confucianism and Taoism were assembled into Mu Lian Opera. [2]? Mulian Opera combines drama, dance, acrobatics and martial arts, including sawing, grinding, swallowing fire, smoking, slitting, belly-breaking, colorful stunts, fork, rolling fork, hanging jade bottle with golden hook, playing with water snakes, digging four doors and other dance moves, as well as King Kong Boxing, Song Wu Flower Picking Boxing and Oolong Dispatching Boxing. Clothing, props, makeup and performance are all unique. The singing of the performance is ancient, originally from Hua Gutiao, but changed to Daping tune in Qing Dynasty. Most of its vocals are high notes, accompanied by drums, gongs and cymbals. Later, some people were influenced by Huizhou opera and folk songs and changed other tunes. What is the basic singing method? Yiyang accent? That is, Huizhou dialect and Qingyang dialect, and a large part of the vocals are folk tunes from local or other places, and some are similar to Qiyun Mountain? Taoist accent? Very similar. Use drums, gongs and cymbals as accompaniment, without orchestral music, and use suona to live longer. [5]? Mulian Opera has broken through the limitations of Qupai, skillfully absorbed the characteristics of "Zaxiang dialect" in Geyang dialect, and gradually evolved into a unique "Huizhou dialect". Mulian Opera, which spread in Chizhou, formed the "Qingyang Opera" which was a smash hit, and was called "Huizhou Opera" together with "Huizhou Opera", thus replacing the position of Geyang Opera in the drama world and laying the foundation for the development of Huizhou Opera later. [6]? Today, Anhui Opera, Sichuan Opera, Han Opera, Wu Opera, Kunqu Opera, Huangmei Opera, Guangxi Opera, xiang opera, etc. still retain some Mulian operas, such as Shuangxiashan, Wang Po Scold Chicken, Dumb Back and Old Back Less. There is a saying that the performance of Mulian Opera is "red at both ends", that is, the sunset begins and lasts until the sunrise the next day. A * * 100 broadcast volume, mainly including Mulianniang Married, Monks Going Down the Mountain, and Choosing a Mother by Choosing Classics. If you perform continuously, you can perform for seven days and seven nights. The performance of Mulian Opera combines "singing, doing, reading and beating" with acrobatic performances such as somersault, skipping rope and stepping on the altar, which is unique in the traditional opera performance art and has a great influence on other operas. The performance place of Mulian Opera is also very different from other operas. "Mulian Opera" has no fixed performance place, and the whole mountain village can be a performance stage. From this perspective, Mulian Opera is more like a ritual activity. [7]? The famous plays of Mulian include Zhi Zhen's Mulian's Drama of Saving Mother and Persuading Goodness, Zhao's Drama of Persuading Goodness, Sichuan Gaoqiang's Biography of Mulian, Shao's Drama of Saving Mother, and Pu Xianxi's Mulian's Saving Mother. There are also many short stories, such as Down the Mountain, Deliberate Delimitation, Playing with Eyes, Tune in Impermanence, Men Hanging Women Hanging, etc. This has become the traditional repertoire of many operas. Among them, Double Down the Mountain (also known as Buddhist Monks' Meeting), Dumb Back Madness (also known as Xuemei and Lao Bei Shao) and Wang Po Scold Chicken are still performed in Sichuan Opera, Han Opera, Wu Opera, Gui Opera, Shao Opera, Tiaoqiang Opera, Kunqu Opera, xiang opera and other local operas. Plays (4) Before the Cultural Revolution, the Qi opera and drama in Hunan could still perform the whole "Biography of Mulian", and then disappeared from the stage. 1984 and 1989, Hunan successively excavated and performed Qi Opera and Chen He's high-pitched Biography; Academic seminars on Mulian Opera were organized in Qi Troupe and Huaihua respectively, and experts and scholars from both sides of the Taiwan Strait and Japan, France, the United States, the Netherlands and other countries attended the conference. There are many original operas and ancient artistic means in the play, and there are also many feudal dross. Digging is not advocating acting as it is, but for research. Mulian Opera is an ancient folk drama in China, and it is also a famous Buddhist drama with the largest repertoire, the most complete preservation, the richest connotation and the largest scale in history. It is the first documentary in the history of China opera, so it is regarded as the originator of opera. [8]?