What patterns do most ancient costumes have in Qing Dynasty?

What are the patterns 1 and plant patterns on most ancient costumes: Mei Zhu Lan Ju, Tao Li Begonia, Peony and Peony, Lotus Hibiscus, Xuangui Camellia, Rose, Narcissus, Bergamot, Pine and cypress, Evergreen, Passionflower, Rose Treasure, Grape Baiguo and Jiahe.

2. Auspicious moral categories: multi-seed (pomegranate), wealth and splendor (peony), continuous melon (gourd or vine, pine age and longevity, pure lotus, chrysanthemum seclusion, three friends in cold years, happiness and longevity, longevity in Five Blessingg, eight immortals).

3. Animal patterns: dragons and phoenixes. Civil servants are first-class cranes, second-class golden pheasants and third-class peacocks. ), as well as lions, tigers, deer, cranes, magpies, mandarin ducks and other birds, bats, butterflies, bees and other grass insects, carp, catfish and other fish can usually.

4. Natural weather patterns: moire, auspicious clouds, traveling clouds, water patterns and wave patterns.

5, artifacts: Aquarius, cornucopia, eight treasures and seven treasures, Ruyi.

6. Geometric patterns: Bada halo, smallpox, Bao Zhao, swastika, gossip, turtle back, Fangsheng, persimmon pattern, lock and serial.

7. Characters: ancient philosophers, sons, women, buddhas, twenty-four filial piety, hanging beams reflecting the moon, grazing and farming.

8. Scenery: Eight scenic spots in Xiaoxiang, Ten scenic spots in West Lake, fishing in Hanjiang River, famous scenic spots or landscape paintings in various places, etc.

Extended data

Ancient costume refers to all kinds of clothes, hats, shoes and socks in ancient China, which are unique in the world. Its structure and style are gradually changing with the development of production and lifestyle. Through the study of ancient costumes, we can know the styles of ancient people. When identifying related cultural relics,

Clothing is also an important measure of dating. There are not many ancient costumes in the world. In addition to physical objects, figures in ancient sculptures and paintings are often important reference materials.

In the late Paleolithic period, people already knew how to sew clothes, and bone needles were also unearthed in the cultural remains of the Neanderthals in Zhoukoudian. By the end of the Neolithic Age, people of different regions and nationalities had different clothing styles. Take the hairstyle as an example. In Dadiwan culture, there is a short ponytail, in Majiayao culture, there is a braided hair with a drooping back, and in Dawenkou culture, there is a hair band made of pig teeth.

In Longshan culture, hair is tied up with bones. There is a bun on the head of a jade man unearthed from the Shenmu Shiguo site in Longshan culture, Shaanxi Province, which may be a reflection of his hair tied to his bones. Bones have been unearthed in Erlitou-type and Dongxiafeng-type sites equivalent to Erlitou culture in Xia Dynasty, and their shapes are the same as those of similar artifacts in Shang Dynasty. Therefore, knowing that hair is tied in a bun has always been a major feature of ancient Chinese costumes.

reference data

Chinese ancient costumes (China ancient dynasty costumes) _ Baidu Encyclopedia

Clothing styles in the Qing Dynasty The clothing of the Qing emperors included imperial clothing, auspicious clothing, regular clothing and traveling clothes. The imperial robes and crowns worn by the emperor are divided into winter clothes and summer clothes. The difference between winter clothes and summer clothes is mainly in the edge of clothes. Satin is used in spring and summer, and expensive fur is used in autumn and winter. The color of court clothes is mainly yellow, and bright yellow is the most expensive. It is only used on sacrificial days, red in the morning and white at night. The patterns of court costumes are mainly dragon patterns and twelve chapter patterns. Generally, the front, back and arms are embroidered with one dragon; The waist curtain embroidery line has nine embroidered dragons (folds) before and after the dragon five strip; There are two embroidered dragons and four embroidered dragons; There are two dragons embroidered on the shawl; Embroider a dragon at the end of the sleeve. Chapter 12 is about the sun, moon, stars, mountains, dragons, China insects, squid and squid. The other four kinds of seaweed, fire, Zong Yi and rice flour are on the dress with five-color moire. According to the literature, nine dragons were embroidered on the robes of the Qing emperor. From the physical point of view, there are only eight dragons before and after, which is inconsistent with the written records and lacks a dragon. Some people think that there is a dragon that is the emperor himself. In fact, this dragon exists objectively, but it is embroidered in a skirt, which is generally not easy to see. In this way, each dragon robe is actually Kowloon. From the front or back, you can see five dragons, which coincides with the figures in the Ninth Five-Year Plan. In addition, the hem of the dragon robe is obliquely arranged with many curves, which are called water feet. Below the foot of the water, the waves are rolling, and above the waves, it is a treasure house of rocks, commonly known as "all rivers run into the sea", which not only means endless auspiciousness, but also means "unification of mountains and rivers" and "eternal peace"

The dragon robe in Qing dynasty is a kind of robe with round neck, double-breasted buttons, split left and right, and straight sleeves. Only the queen, empress dowager, imperial concubine, imperial concubine, concubines and concubines can wear the robes. The queen's court dress consists of court crown, court robe, court dress, court skirt and court beading. The robe is made of bright yellow satin, which is divided into two categories: winter and summer, and mink edge in winter. The basic style of robes consists of lapels, shoulder pads and robes. The collar is embroidered with a dragon pattern. When wearing robes, you must match them. A robe is a garment worn outside a robe. Its style is double-breasted, collarless and sleeveless, and looks like a vest. Also embroidered with dragon rhyme, eight treasures and other patterns. The style of the queen's uniform is basically similar to that of Manchu ladies. Round neck, big skirt, collar, sleeves and skirt are decorated with wide lace, but the patterns are different. The Qing dynasty's patchwork, also known as "patchwork", has no collar and double-breasted buttons. Its length is shorter than the robe and longer than the robe, and it is patchy before and after. The patchwork in Qing dynasty was slightly smaller than that in Ming dynasty. It is the main official uniform in Qing dynasty, and it is worn in more places and time. All the makeup clothes are stone blue. Complement is the main symbol to distinguish official ranks. There are several kinds of round patches: prince, dragon robe and stone blue, five claws and four golden dragons embroidered on the front, one on the front shoulder and one on the back shoulder, with colorful moire in the middle. Prince, embroidered four groups of five-claw dragons, front and back dragons, and shoulders as dragons. The county king embroidered four dragons (one on the front and one on the back shoulder). Baylor embroidered two groups of four-claw pythons (one after the other). Beizi embroidered two groups of five-clawed walking pythons (one after the other). T-shaped is an important symbol to distinguish the rank of officials in Qing dynasty, which can be divided into two types: crown for the DPRK and crown for good luck. The crown has three layers: a sharp jewel at the top, a spherical pearl in the middle and a metal base at the bottom. Gifford's crown is relatively simple, with only two parts: a spherical ball and a metal base. The base is made of gold and copper and engraved with patterns. The colors and materials of the crown beads are varied, reflecting the grades of different officials. According to the etiquette of Qing Dynasty, Guan Guanzhu has a ruby, a coral, three sapphires, four lapis lazuli, five crystals, six lapis lazuli, seven plain gold, eight intaglio gold and nine intaglio gold. He who has no pearls at the top has no taste. If Qing officials break the law. When the official position is removed, the crown bead on the hat must also be removed, indicating that it has no official position. The official hats of men in Qing dynasty were divided into top hat and cap. Top hat is commonly known as "top hat", there are two kinds: one is worn in winter, called warm hat; One is worn in summer, called a cool hat. Warm hats are mostly round with brim around them. Materials are mostly leather, but also wool, satin and cloth, depending on the weather. The color is black. There are also differences between furs and the like. Minks are the most expensive at first, followed by sea otters, and then foxes. There is no skin under them. Because the sea otter is expensive, it is changed into a yellow wolf skin dyed black, named Sao mouse, and people are scrambling to imitate it. During the reign of Kangxi, a kind of warm hat for shearing wool appeared in some places. It was black and thin, like a coquettish mouse. Because of its low price, most bachelors are willing to wear it. There is also a red hat weft in the middle of the warm hat, which is still made of silk. The top of the hat is equipped with a crown bead, which is made of rubies such as red, blue, white and gold. Ding Zhu is an important symbol to distinguish official positions. According to the etiquette of the Qing Dynasty, an official's crown jewels are ruby, coral, sapphire, lapis lazuli, crystal, lapis lazuli, plain gold, female gold and male gold. He who has no pearls at the top has no taste. Men's wear in Qing Dynasty mainly includes robes, jackets, coats, shirts and trousers. Dress is the most important dress. Among them, there is a kind of coat, the length is not longer than the waist, and the sleeves only cover the elbows. Short clothes and short sleeves are convenient for riding, so they are called "jackets". The styles of mandarin jackets are divided into double-breasted buttons, large-breasted buttons and short-breasted buttons (pipa-breasted buttons). Double-breasted mandarin jackets are often used as dresses. Long-breasted mandarin jackets are often used as uniforms and usually wear robes outside. Jackets lacking lapels (pipa lapels) are mostly used as luggage. Mandarin jackets are mostly short sleeves with wide and straight sleeves. Besides yellow, one-day cyan or meta cyan is usually used as clothes. Other dark red, light green, sauce purple, dark blue and dark gray can be used as uniforms. Bi Xia is a life jacket for women since the Song Dynasty, which varies with grades. "Gezhi Jing Yuan" quoted Ming Kao as saying: "Today, women's clothes are woven outside, the front and back are the same length, and the first two are separated by the middle and shoulders, which is called the next post." This is the form of Bi Xia in Ming Dynasty. The costumes of celebrities in the Qing Dynasty inherited the system of the Ming Dynasty, consisting of a comb and an imperial robe. In the Qing dynasty, Xiaguan evolved into a vest, and Xiaguan was decorated with colorful elements, which was the special clothing of his wife. There is a patch in the middle. The pattern embroidered by the patch generally depends on the level of the husband or son, but the mother and wife of the military attache use bird patterns instead of animal patterns. Cloud shoulders are decorations worn by women on their shoulders. It has existed since the Five Dynasties, and it is a four-in-one shape. Women in Ming Dynasty were used as decorations on clothes. Women in the Qing dynasty also used it on wedding dresses. In the late Qing Dynasty, Jiangnan women wore low bun, fearing that their shoulders would be stained with greasy bun, so they often wore cloud shoulders. The cloud shoulders used by aristocratic women are exquisitely made, and some are cut into lotus shapes or tied into tassels, with rows of whiskers hanging around them. Vest, or vest, vest or half arm. In the Qing Dynasty, Manchu women often wore a vest outside their cheongsam, which was their favorite dress. Like men's vests, this kind of vest also has large lapels, straight lapels, double lapels, pipa lapels and other shapes, reaching to the waist and decorated with lace. Before Jiaqing and Daoguang in Qing Dynasty, women's wear of Han nationality still followed the clothing shape of Ming Dynasty, mainly skirt. During the Qianlong period, people mainly wore coats and shirts with lace, which were relatively wide in style, generally below the knee. After Jia Dao, the clothes with lace tended to be narrow, and the length was obviously shortened. Some add a longer vest. In addition to wearing a skirt, there are pants in the lower body. A long coat is characterized by a low collar and wide lace at the cuffs. The sleeves are different in width at different times, sometimes wide and sometimes narrow. Before Jiaqing and Daoguang in Qing Dynasty, women's wear of Han nationality still followed the clothing shape of Ming Dynasty, mainly skirt. During the Qianlong period, people mainly wore coats and shirts with lace, which were relatively wide in style, generally below the knee. After Jia Dao, the clothes with lace tended to be narrow, and the length was obviously shortened. Some add a longer vest with lace at the edge. In addition to wearing a skirt, there are pants in the lower body. The style of trousers has also changed. At first, it was a big trouser leg, and then it was gradually changed into a small trouser leg with lace at the mouth. Since the Guangxu period, due to the popularity of pants, it is gradually rare for women to wear skirts. In the Qing Dynasty, under the norm of "men obey women" (that is, Han men are strictly required to obey the Han clothing system, while women are relaxed), the clothing changes of Han women are less than those of men. Empresses and concubines, who are married to women, still inherit the custom of the Ming Dynasty, and take the phoenix crown and imperial robe as their dresses. Ordinary women wear cloaks and skirts. Cloak is a woman's coat in Qing dynasty, similar to a man's jacket. It is made up of double-breasted sleeves and below the knee. On the cloak, there is a low collar dotted with various jewels. Inside the cloak, there are big skirts, big coats and small coats. Small coats are women's underwear, and the colors are mostly red, pink and pink. Women's dresses are mostly skirts, and red is the most expensive color. The style of the skirt still retains the customs of the early Ming Dynasty, including phoenix tail skirt and moon skirt. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, pants were still very popular among ordinary women. There are many kinds of ornaments in Qing dynasty, with different styles, small shapes and diverse materials, including jade, lapis lazuli, turquoise inlaid with gold, sandalwood, gold and platinum, Venus enamel, coral and glass. In addition, there are various embroidery sketches, including sachets, sachets, fan covers, glasses cases, watchbands, sickle bags, fasting cards and so on. These ornaments were worn around the waist in the Qing Dynasty, and both men and women carried them with them for enjoyment, especially in the late Qing Dynasty. References:

Qing dynasty clothing

The names of patterns on ancient Chinese costumes, such as moire, phoenix, dragon and phoenix patterns, such as dragon walking; Yunlong is surrounded by clouds; Flying dragon; A round dragon; A dragon with its face up; A dragon with a side head; The dragon with the head above and the tail below is called the dragon; The one with the tail above and the tail below is a dragon.

Auspicious animal patterns: People often pin their good wishes on animal gods and pray for peace, auspiciousness and happiness.

Combination patterns: Wan Zi, Fang Sheng, Ruyitou, ripple, water ripple, fire ripple, moire, lock ripple, curved water ripple, ancient money ripple, closed loop ripple, chain ripple, gold ingot ripple, snow ripple, turtle back ripple, etc.

Extended data:

Decoration of ancient costumes;

Clothing decoration shows the hierarchical system of feudal etiquette in the form of a unique "logo". The embroidered robes given by Wu Zetian to officials are mainly birds and animals, and the decorative parts are on the front and back. This practice is symbolic to some extent. As a tangible cultural symbol, it is directly expressed in clothing, which makes it have obvious Chinese etiquette and cultural characteristics.

In the Song Dynasty, influenced by Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism, people in the Song Dynasty burned gold ornaments and simple clothes to obtain elegant beauty, and made detailed and strict regulations on women's clothing. The clothing system in Song Dynasty is closely related to Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism.

Clothing in Qing Dynasty is the peak of China's clothing development, and the decorative effect of clothing patterns at this time also reached its peak. During this period, a kind of decoration called "Buzi" appeared on the clothing, with the pattern of "Buzi" representing the dignity of the official position, and the difference of the pattern of "Buzi" reflected the strict hierarchy of the Qing Dynasty.