Mianyang folk custom

Mianyang folk songs are rich in content, and Xiantao is one of the important cradles of Chu culture. According to the newly revised Records of Mianyang, it can be roughly divided into eight categories, namely: chant, Tian Ge, minor, lantern song, folk song, children's song, revolutionary historical folk song, new folk song and so on. Most of these folk songs are produced in people's daily life, expressing their feelings of sadness, joy and hatred, as well as their pursuit of a better life.

Mianyang ancient painting opera is a local opera in Hubei, also known as Mianyang ancient painting opera, which is a national intangible cultural heritage. It was formed in the Qing Dynasty and has a history of more than 200 years. Xiantao City was awarded the title of "Hometown of Folk Culture and Art in China" by the Ministry of Culture. There is a reputation among the people that "after listening to the Flower Drum Opera, I got sick but didn't take medicine". Traditional plays include Thirteen Verses and Standing on the Flower Wall.

Mianyang Fishing Drum is one of the four major operas in Hubei Province, and it is the most familiar and popular folk art form. Mianyang professional fisherman's drum artists have been handed down from generation to generation, with rich traditional songs and vocals, which prevailed in Jianghan Plain in central Hubei around 1940. After 1952, Mianyang Fishing Drum sang all over Hubei, and 1958 was named Hubei Fishing Drum. For a long time, Mianyang dialect has been used to sing all over the country, maintaining a strong local flavor. The traditional repertoire of Mianyang Fishing Drum is very rich, among which the content of unjust cases is the most, followed by romance or drama stories, folklore and so on. Traditional songs include "Lv Mengzheng Drive Fast", "Hong Xiuquan", "Planning Case" and "Thirteen Verses". Most modern songs are short stories, such as Lost Story, Sword Storm, Sending Rubber Shoes and so on. In addition to fishing drums and simple wooden accompaniment, after the founding of New China, erhu, Jinghu, dulcimer and other musical instruments were added to accompany singing.

Mianyang shadow play is a wonderful flower among many folk arts in Xiantao. In the art of shadow play in China, Mianyang shadow play is unique with its exquisite image, beautiful lyrical singing, interesting lines and elegant and beautiful combination. Mianyang's shadow play is divided into the upper road, the middle road and the lower road. On the way, we borrowed folk tunes such as grass cutting songs, fiddling songs and cockfighting songs, and interpreted Mianyang shadow play with melodious tunes, which is the original source of Mianyang fishing drum cavity.

All kinds of figures, animals and props in shadow play are carefully carved by Mianyang with cowhide and paper-cutting. Artists can make every joint of them move, install operating rods, perform behind a screen made of white fine cloth, with various types of props and scenery, and show the images on the screen through lights, which are colorful, just like movies. Mianyang Shadow Play has more than 300 traditional plays and more than 20 modern plays, most of which are Pan Chao plays, occasionally interspersed with new screenwriters. Among them, Imperial Fan, Snail Fairy, Song Wu Da Hu, Flame Mountain, Three Invitations to Fan Lihua, and Miding Mountain's Sailing to the West are deeply loved by the masses.

Mianyang good book is a kind of quyi form with the content of spreading the imperial edict and persuading people to be kind, characterized by alternating rhyme and white, and combining speaking and singing. Also known as "Talking about Saint Chongqing" and "Talking about Virtue", they are called "Taiping Book", "Hua Chun Fu" and "Crying Good Book" by the people. Formed roughly before the Opium War 1840, Xiantao was popular in the whole territory and surrounding counties and cities, and most of them were concentrated in Xiantao City, Miancheng, Hu Chang, Tonghai, Hu Sha, Changchongkou and Liu Xi. Singing activities were very popular in the old days, and there were often scenes of "five miles and three plays". In the 1990s, there were many good books in Mianyang, including The Singer and The Audience.

Mianyang Daoqing, also known as Hubei Daoqing, is a kind of singing art developed on the basis of the singing and qupai of Mianyang Daqian Haozi, Mianyang ancient painting drama and Mianyang fishing drum. After years of artistic practice, it has accumulated and evolved in performance, repertoire and Qupai music. Mianyang has strong musicality, strong banqiang and strong local flavor. It is one of the most influential local folk art forms in Hubei.

Mianyang Xiaoqu is also called "vegetable Xiaoqu" or "inland Xiaoqu". A kind of "folk song" in Hanshui River Valley, with high-pitched and beautiful tunes, is a kind of singing art with beautiful lyrics, fresh and natural, and full of artistic appeal. Be loved by the masses. Its musical style is formed according to the characteristics of four-tone intonation in Mianyang dialect, which is one of the more prominent types of Hubei ditty. It has a long history, connected with the roots and branches of Mianyang folk songs in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and absorbed songs from neighboring provinces, becoming the most musical singing art among Hubei local folk arts. The form of Mianyang ditty singing is simple and flexible. The form of performance can be sung by one person on a disc or by two or more people on a stringed instrument.

Mianyang three-stick drum is a kind of technical song and dance, and it is a folk art. Its performance mode is: tying drums around the waist, hanging gongs around the neck, throwing three wooden sticks with copper coins embedded at both ends into the air in turn, throwing sticks with both hands, receiving sticks, beating drums and singing at the same time, which is a one-person play; When they perform, it's even more exciting. One person throws sticks, sings drums and gongs to sound for the losers. When the stick is thrown, three swaying curves are drawn in the air, and then transformed into colorful garlands, which are firmly caught, thrown, caught and thrown again-a beautiful performance that makes people see things in a blur.

Mianyang stilt dragon lantern combines stilt and dragon lantern, which is a unique performance form of Mianyang dragon dance, with unique style and superb skills. A person who walks on stilts and dances with dragons must have three basic skills at the same time: walking on stilts, dancing dragon lanterns and martial arts. The key to watching the dragon lantern on stilts is that when dancing the dragon, the dragon lantern should be spread out and turned around, because the lower mouth of the dragon lantern is movable. When the dragon lantern goes up, the longkou opens to grab the pearl, and when it goes down, the longkou closes, which is very vivid and beautiful. Mianyang stilt dragon lantern can play tricks, and there are more than a dozen techniques, such as sky plate, turf, ground roll (commonly known as lazy dragon turning over), fish biting tail, half moon, green dragon plate column, five mountains (playing five square tables) and so on. Playing dragon lanterns has a strong lineup, which has become a beautiful landscape of Xiantao traditional folk dance.

Mianyang Lotus Picking Boat is a popular form of culture and entertainment during the Spring Festival in Xiantao, with a long history. Lotus picking boat is related to the area where Xiantao is located, where the lake is boundless and the lotus is fragrant, and it is the land of fish and rice. Lotus root has always been rich, so the art form of lotus boat is widely circulated in Xiantao. Xiantao Lotus Picking Boat is also famous for its unique artistic expression in Jingchu. Participated in many provincial folk dance performances and won favorable comments.

Lotus-picking boat, also known as "rowing boat and dry boat", is a form of song and dance created by people in the lake area imitating rowing and lotus-picking. Xiantao lotus picking boat has a unique style and is made of bamboo and wood. The bottom is boat-shaped, five or six feet long, and the top has a pagoda pavilion. The ship is about two meters high, and the hull is pasted with colored paper. A colorful lotus boat arranges six to seven people to run the boat. A girl (or a young man) dressed as a lotus picker, a man dressed as a porter, led a colorful boat to run around the field or swing the boat. At the back of the boat, her in-laws walked with the boat with a broken ba fan, accompanied by gongs and drums, playing the piano and so on. Xiantao colorful cargo ship has unique performance. The opening four sentences improvised by the first person holding the pole consist of the subject and interlayer of "3343", mostly for congratulations; After that, the big man with the pole and the girl on the boat sang a duet. The content is mostly folk love stories, and the chorus sets off the atmosphere. The girl on the boat danced with the music under the traction of the bamboo pole of the pole-supporting man, singing and dancing at the same time. The woman at the helm cooperated with the two protagonists and played funny actions, which attracted the audience to laugh. The aria is an ancient painting play in Mianyang, such as "picking a boat, swimming in the river, driving a dry boat, eight sections of brocade, holding hands to stop the pole". From the first day to the fifteenth day of the Spring Festival, colorful lotus boats will cross the street to pay New Year greetings, singing and dancing, leaving an unforgettable impression on the broad masses of the people.

Mianyang lion dance (commonly known as "playing with lions") can be divided into two categories: land lions and Taiwan Province lions. The ground lion is teased by one person holding a hydrangea, and two people wear the lion's body to perform actions such as shaking hair, scratching, jumping, falling, sleeping, rolling and stepping on the ball. There are three kinds of lions performing on the Eight Immortals Table: the big stage "Nine Immortals and Eighteen Holes" (that is, the high platform made up of 36 Eight Immortals Tables), the middle stage "Xiao Jiu Magic Eighteen Holes", the small stage "One Column of Incense" (nine Eight Immortals Tables on the 9th floor) and the Lantern Garden (nine Eight Immortals Tables with nine feet facing the 9th floor). In addition to performing the same actions as the ground lion, the lion dancers also perform stunts such as climbing around the set square table, drinking the river, stepping on snow with four claws, and hanging gourds with money. The action is thrilling. Every holiday, there will be a lion dance performance in Mianyang all over Xiantao.

Xiangjiang River Blowing Xiangjiang River Blowing is a kind of folk blowing music popular in the middle and lower reaches of Xiangjiang River (the Han River below Xiangyang is Xiangjiang River). Music is mainly based on local folk music and evolved by absorbing many popular songs in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The musical instruments played by Xianghe are suona, gong, cymbal, drum, gong and jockey. Among them, suona is the main instrument, and the band consists of six people. The playing forms are divided into two types: line playing and sitting in the classroom. The melody has a strong flavor of Jianghan Plain, and many songs come directly from Mianyang folk songs. The structure of music is mostly single, long and short sentences coexist, and the upper and lower sentences are antithetical. Xianghe Blowing will be used in different occasions such as folk weddings, funerals and auspicious celebrations in Xiantao, which is an important part of various ethnic activities in Xiantao.

The Ten Brocade of Xiantao is also called "Seven Stars Ideas" and "Ten gongs and drums", and it is also called "Yin Qing" in Miancheng. Originated in the Ming Dynasty, it spread among the people and was later used by Buddhism and Taoism. There are ten timbres composed of percussion instruments (namely, percussion, percussion, percussion, seven, wave, star, dang and long) and wind instruments (namely, flute, flute, suona and sheng), which belong to a playing form of "harmonious blowing". Most of the tunes played are brand songs in North and South Qupai, and some folk tunes are also mixed. Its main tracks are "fisherman's music" and "money flower" According to the Records of Mianyang Prefecture, there is a historical allusion of "ten gongs and drums", also known as "ten kinds of brocade". The 12th Prince Zhu built Guanyin Pavilion as his palace in the ancient town. Bai Zhu loved music and extradited the palace music Ten Brocade to the ancient town. Since then, the "Ten Brocade" has been settled down and passed down from generation to generation for hundreds of years.

Jianghan Sixian is a folk variety of Sixian in Jianghan Plain, which was born and developed under the gestation of Mianyang folk songs, Mianyang ditty and Mianyang ancient painting and opera music. It has a history of nearly a hundred years. Erhu, Hu Si and Jinghu are the main musical instruments of Jianghan Sixian. Erhu has a variety of "initial" skills, such as vibrato, sliding, playing, fingering and bow lifting, which has formed a variety of timbre performance characteristics. Sihudo is a short song adapted from folk minor. Jinghu has a bright tone and strong pronunciation. With a clear sense of rhythm and strong expressive force, it is generally used for music with a long structure and the characteristics of China traditional opera singing. Yueqin is sometimes used in it, which adds colorful effects to Jianghan Sixian's music performance with the timbre of plucked music and the performance of double tones, arpeggios and jumps.