The History and Culture of Hetian Jade

Nephrite is a kind of nephrite. The traditional concept refers to the extraction plant in Hotan area of Xinjiang. Nephrite is a relatively high-end nephrite with leading brands in China. The new national standard generally refers to the title of jade with hardness between 6.0 and 6.5? . Jade in a narrow sense generally refers to Hetian jade in Xinjiang.

Hetian jade is mainly divided into:

(1) white jade: white in color, delicate and moist, slightly bright, like sheep fat, called sheep fat white jade; Not bright, shiny? The worst is white jade.

(2) Sapphire, sapphire: dark gray green to blue-green, not bright; Blue white jade is a transitional type between blue jade and white jade, which is grayish green.

(3) Jasper: dark green (spinach green) with rough texture. Jasper is not only produced in Xinjiang, but nephrite produced in Taiwan Province Province and abroad is collectively called Jasper in China jade craft circle.

(4) jet: first? Gray-black or gray-black and white bands containing loose carbon or graphite. If it is all black, it is called jet.

(5) Topaz: It is made by limonite in surface water entering white jade, and it is beige to yellow.

Primary species

What is hetian jade? Many players have been searching for questions online. Most of them are old answers. Is hetian jade really expensive? Why is it so cheap online? Who is guiding the players into the misunderstanding? How to distinguish the value of Hetian jade in a narrow sense from that in a broad sense?

Hetian jade itself is not a regional concept, not specifically the jade produced in Hetian area of Xinjiang, but the title of a class of products. In our country, stones with tremolite content exceeding 98% are called Hetian jade, which can also be called nephrite, tremolite, tremolite plus nephrite, tremolite plus Hetian jade. None of these names are illegal, and they are all within the national standard.

Specifically, there are several types of Hetian jade:

One? Xinjiang Hotan material, produced in Hotan area; Subdivision can be divided into mountain material, landscape and seed material. Hetian jade seed material in Xinjiang has the best quality, followed by landscape, and finally belongs to mountain material! The sources of seed materials and landscape materials are basically exhausted! Especially in recent years, there is no good material at all!

Two? Russian material; Hetian jade produced in Russia is called Russian material in the circle, and its output form can also be divided into mountain material, seed material and landscape material. ? However, the seed materials of Russian materials are few, mostly landscape and mountain materials. The value of Russian white jade is only lower than that of Xinjiang Hetian jade sheep fat jade, so its value is extremely high. More than 90% of the high-end white jade on the market is Russian.

Sanqing sea material; Qinghai jade, also known as Qinghai jade or Kunlun jade, is one of the common generalized hetian jade varieties in the market. It is produced in the eastern margin of Kunlun Mountain and enters Qinghai Province, which is in the same metallogenic belt as Hetian jade in Xinjiang. The east of Kunlun Mountain is called Kunlun Jade, and the north of the mountain is called Hetian Jade, with a straight line interval of about 300 kilometers. Therefore, Kunlun jade and Hetian jade are basically the same in material combination, origin and structure, which can be described as the twin brothers of nature. The Qinghai material in the old pit is delicate and can be compared with Xinjiang. It's comparable, but the texture of the new pit is even worse, and it's almost yellow, so the market is not good in recent years.

Four Korean materials, Korean materials are generalized Hetian jade sapphire mountain materials. Its main producing area is Chuncheon in the south of the Korean Peninsula, and it is produced in local serpentine, which is mostly bluish yellow and brown. The powder is not very good Korean? The chemical composition is basically similar to that of Hetian jade, and its hardness and density are close to that of Hetian jade, slightly smaller, and its hardness is about 5.5. It is the lowest value among Hetian jade in Xinjiang, 10,000 times worse than high-end sheep fat jade.

Hetian jade, formerly known as Kunlun jade, was produced in shache and Khotan (now Hotan, Xinjiang, China) in the western regions. It is a famous nephrite variety with a history of 1000 years. Historical Records Biography of Dawan: "Han made the source of the river poor, and the source of the river originated in Khotan, and its mountains were full of jade"; "Western Regions": "shache is a state-owned Tieshan, producing sapphires". Hetian jade is also called black and white jade.

Qinghai Liao

Hetian jade is a single mineral rock composed of microcrystalline aggregates, containing a small amount of impurity minerals, and the main component is tremolite. Its famous origin is Kunlun Mountain, known as the "ancestor of Wanshan Mountain", which is now Hotan area in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Hetian jade is produced on the northern slope of Kunlun Mountain and is about 1300 km long. It is the jade on the Kunlun Mountain and the river in the narrow strip centered on Hotan, so it is also called "Hetian jade". Hetian jade is a high-grade jade in jade, and it is also one of the candidate jade in China National Stone. At present, the title of Hetian jade does not have the meaning of origin in national standards, that is, whether it is produced in Xinjiang, Qinghai, Liaoning, Guizhou, Russia, Canada and South Korea, its primary component is tremolite, which can be called Hetian jade.

Hetian jade has a long history of at least 3,000 years in China. It is a part of the main content of Chinese jade civilization, a precious heritage and artistic treasure in the treasure house of Chinese civilization, and has a profound civilization. China is the only country in the history of the world that combines jade with humanity.

1, Hetian jade is characterized by being moist or oily, so whether it is Xinjiang Hetian jade is different. All the other jades are greased, which can't be compared with Hetian jade in Xinjiang.

2. The colors of Hetian jade are: white, sugar white, bluish white, yellow, sugar, blue, cyan, ink, smoky blue, turquoise, and blue and white. We know that Hetian jade in Xinjiang Autonomous Region used to be dominated by topaz and white jade in Qing Dynasty. Topaz is very beautiful among them. In fact, it is no less than suet jade, and it is necessary to give topaz a positive face.

3. Hetian jade material is divided into seed material, landscape material, Gobi material and mountain material.

Hetian jade no longer has the meaning of origin, but has become a commodity name. No matter where nephrite comes from, the title of Hetian jade is used uniformly. For example, Qinghai is called Qinghai material, Russia is called Russian material, and Hotan material in Xinjiang is called Hotan material, and so on.