Spanish red wine miramar

Spanish wine is an old world ignored by many people in the world, especially in China. You know, Spain ranks third in the world in wine production, and there are many excellent wines. Fortunately, unlike French wines, which attract a lot of attention in the world, and unlike California wines, we can get more affordable prices through professional media promotion, except, of course, the "UNICO" of Vega Sicilia winery.

The history of grape cultivation in Spain can be traced back to around 4000 BC. In BC 1 100, Phoenicians began to make wine from grapes. However, the history of Spanish wine has nothing to show off. Until 1868, French vineyards suffered from nodule aphid disease. Many French winemakers, mostly from Bordeaux, came to rioja, Spain, bringing their skills and experience, which made Spanish wine enter a soaring period. During this period, French vineyards were extensively eradicated, and due to the shortage of wine, a considerable amount of wine was imported from Spain. This is also evidence of France's contribution to the level of Spanish winemaking.

1972, referring to the successful experiences of France and Italy, the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture established the Instituto de nominaciones de Olkin (INDO), which is equivalent to INAO in France, and established a monitoring system for the appellations of origin (DO) in Olkin, Spain. So far, there are 55 DOs in Spain, of which 20 were approved after 1994. In 1986, Olkin California's name (DOC) is added to the DO system, which is slightly higher than DO. Although Rioja is the only name of origin with DOC level at present, Jerez, Lias Baixas, Penedes and Ribeira Del Douro may be awarded DOC level in the future.

Spanish DO system

Spain's DO system divides wine into table wine and high-quality wine, which is basically consistent with the regulations of the European Union. In ordinary table wine, it is also divided into:

1.Vino de Mesa(VdM): It is equivalent to Vin de Table in France and IGT in Italy in part. This is wine brewed by illegal varieties or methods. For example, Cabernet Sauvignon grown in rioja and wine produced by Merlot may be labeled Vino de Mesa de Navarra, which uses the name of the country of origin, so it is a bit like IGT.

2.Vino comarcal(VC): equivalent to French Vin de Pays. Spain has 2 1 main producing area * * * officially designated as VC. The wine label says Vino Comarcal de [place of origin].

3.Vino de la Tierra(VdlT): equivalent to French VDQS, the wine label is Vino de la Tierra [origin].

High-end wines are Olkin's Deno Minasi (DO) and Olkin's Deno Minasi (Doc). It is equivalent to AOC in France, and DOC is similar to DOCG in Italy.

For DO or DOC wines, we can often see the following words on the wine label:

"Vino de Cosecha": vintage wine, which is required to be brewed with more than 85% grapes of that year.

"Joven": new wine, grapes harvest wine that will be listed next spring.

"Vino de Crianza" or "Crianza": This means that wines that can be marketed in the third year after grape harvest need to be aged in small oak barrels for at least 6 months and in bottles for 2 whole years. In rioja and Ribeira del Douro, at least in oak barrels 1 year and in bottles 1 year.

"Preserved" should be aged for at least 3 years, including at least 1 year in small oak barrels. For liquor, it takes at least 2 years to age, including at least 6 months in small oak barrels.

"Grand Reservation" is a grade that can only be brewed in a few excellent years, and it requires the permission of the local government to brew "Grand Reservation" grade wine. It needs at least 5 years aging, including at least 2 years aging in small oak barrels. Gran Reservation of white wine is extremely rare, which requires at least 4 years aging, including at least 6 months aging in small oak barrels.

Spanish wines often appear in the international market in a less expensive way, even the top rioja Graniseva is not too expensive, which is a pragmatic choice. However, the wines consumed in Spain are basically local wines, and Rioja Gran Reservationa is only available at high-end banquets, even if it is not expensive. Rioja, Ribeira del Duro, Penedes, Navarra and Lias Paxas are large export markets. However, wines from other Spanish producing areas and low-grade table wines are rarely available outside Spain.

Thanks to neighboring France, northern Spain has excellent brewing technology and produces a lot of good wine. Rioja, Ribeira del Douro, Penedes and Navarra are all producing areas in northern Spain. The Mediterranean is sunny and has a warm climate. Therefore, wine is famous for its rich and mellow style, which may be influenced by the Spanish sherry brewing tradition. Some Spanish wines have a long aging time, such as Bodegas Marques de Murrieta, Castillo YGGRAN Reservation a Especial, Rioja, etc. It takes 65,438+00 years to be put on the market, so it is quite soft. But some newer wineries will not age for so long, and the tannins of the wine will be strong.

Many local varieties planted in Spain, such as Tempranillo planted in rioja, are Spanish noble varieties with thick skin, dark color, late maturity and relatively low alcohol content, which can be called Spanish Cabernet Sauvignon.

It is said that the Phoenicians first introduced grapes to Spain, and they were cultivating vineyards. Although there are 1000 years of brewing experience, the Spanish planting and brewing technology has not progressed with the evolution of the times. In the middle and late 20th century, French vineyards were invaded by budding insects. Many French wine merchants go to other countries to look for wine and buy grapes, and northern Spain is one of their goals. They taught many winemaking skills to the local people, so that Spanish wines will most likely squeeze into the world-class ranks.

Spain is the largest grape producer in the world, and many wine-making countries even buy grapes from them. Wine production ranks third, second only to Italy and France. Since joining the European Union, the country has received a lot of financial assistance to improve its equipment and technology, and its achievements should be greater than today. Unfortunately, grape farmers are unwilling to reduce production, and there are too many old grapes (all grapes are over years old), which makes the quality of grapes never improve, and even affects the overall performance.

Spanish wine act

Following other EU countries, Spain also has a set of laws and regulations to control wine quality. There are more than 50 franchise producing areas in China, namely DO (Olkin producing area). A particularly outstanding area is called DOC (Olkin California Nomination Area), and rioja is the first area listed as DOC. The more common summary is ino de la Tierra, which is equivalent to Vin de Pays in France. The most basic table wine is mesa wine. On the back of each bottle of wine from the licensed producing area, the aging time in the winery must be marked. There are four different rules.