The Three Classical Rites of Confucianism

The three classical Confucian rites are the Zhou Rites, the Rites of Passage, and the Book of Rites. The three rites are the generalization of the etiquette system and etiquette theory of ancient society, the canonical system of Chinese slave society, and the moral norms of slave society and feudal society. The following is what I have organized to the Confucian classics about the three rites, take a look.

Confucian classic three rites: Zhou Li, Yi Li, Li Ji

Yi Li, Zhou Li, Li Ji The three rites, Zhou Li, Yi Li, Li Ji is also. In the past, it was said that the "Rites of Zhou", "Rites of Passage" are made by the Duke of Zhou, "Rites of Passage" is the Han Dai De (known as Dai), Dai Sheng (known as Dai) uncle and nephew deleted records also. According to Han He Hugh doubt "Zhou Li" was made in the six countries of the time, Song Ru also much doubt. But Liu Xin, Zheng Xuan letter for Zhou Gong to peace of the book, but also said for Liu Xin forger. Qing Fangbao's "Zhou Guan Yi" has opened its end, and the recent Kang Youwei's "New Learning False Scripture Examination" also says that it is undoubtedly forged by Xin.

The main content of the three rites

The main content of the Zhou Rites

The Zhou Rites, also known as the Zhou Guan, is the first of the three rites, and was first published in the Han Dynasty, and because it was confused with the Shangshu Zhou Guan Chapters, it was changed to the Zhou Guan Jing. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, it was listed as a scripture and belonged to the rites, so it had the name of "Zhou Li". This book collects the Zhou dynasty and the vassal states official system and system, with the political ideals of Confucianism to add, subtract and take compilation and become. The Zhou Rites*** is divided into six chapters, including "Tsukazai, the Heavenly Official", "Situ, the Earthly Official", "Zongbo, the Spring Official", "Sima, the Summer Official", and "Sima, the Autumn Official". The book includes "Heavenly Official Tsukazai", "Earthly Official Situ", "Spring Official Zongbo", "Summer Official Sima", "Autumn Official Sikou", and "Winter Official Sikong". Among them, the "winter officials" a long time ago, the Western Han Dynasty, supplemented by the "examination of work", known as the "winter officials examination of work". The whole book *** divided into forty-two volumes. About the author of the "Zhouli", there are many different opinions. Basically can be divided into two categories: the first category is considered to be made by Zhou Gongdan, sure that the value of this book, called the "Zhou Gong to the signs of peace", "peace by the book of the country". But some people think that although the Zhou Gong made, but has not been put into practice or localized for later additions. The second type is not made by Zhou Gong, that is the late Western Han Dynasty Liu Xin school book, to organize and supplement and forged into a book, or with Wang Mang cooperation tampered with, so that the value of this book holds a negative attitude. Others believe that neither Zhou Gong made, nor Liu Xin tampering, but out of the hands of others, the author may be a person, may be many people. Time for the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty, late to the end of the Western Han Dynasty. Modern scholars based on archaeological excavated artifacts of the Zhou and Qin bronze inscriptions contained in the official system, with reference to the book in the . political and economic systems and academic ideas, it can basically be concluded as a work of the Warring States period. The Zhou Rites is a governmental code that records the establishment of officials in ancient times, **** records 377 royal officials of various sizes and lists in detail the powers of each official. The book preserves many important historical materials from the Western Zhou and Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, such as the well-field system, the feudal system, and the five punishments, the field system, and the music and dance of the Qin and Han dynasties. It also records the people's obligations to the state, including paying taxes, bearing the burden of force service, military service, one soldier for each family, and not only fighting in wartime, but also conducting military maneuvers four times a year. In addition, there are historical materials on agriculture, crafts, rituals and customs. About the "Zhouli" of the writings of the sparse, mainly in the East Han Zheng Xuan's "Zhouli Note", Tang Jia Gongyan's "Zhouli Shuo", Qing Sun Yijiang's "Zhouli Justice" and so on.

The Main Contents of the Rites of Passage

The Rites of Passage, also known as the Rites of Passage or the Rites of Passage, is one of the Five Classics of the pre-Qin period, and was originally known directly as the "Rites". The book was roughly formed in the late Spring and Autumn period, and is thought to have been compiled by Confucius. Confucius did use the rites as a practical part of his teaching. [1]

The Rites of Passage is a book of detailed rituals for ceremonies such as crowns, fainting, funerals, sacrifices, pilgrimages, hiring, and yanxian, etc. It describes the etiquette of the scholarly class during the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, and advocates an equalitarian etiquette, in which the etiquette that we see today embodies the principle of "kissing, kissing, honoring, and respecting" is expressed in the book of Rites of Passage. The Rites of Passage It not only reflected the social system and blood relationship at that time, but also had an important influence on the social organization and cultural concepts of later generations. Reading it, one can understand the red tape of the feudal aristocracy, and see the daily life of ancient palaces, boats and vehicles, clothes and food, as well as religious beliefs, kinship system, political organization, and diplomatic methods.

The Rites of Passage had two original texts, one transmitted by Gao Tangsheng of the Han Dynasty, and the other obtained from the wall of the Confucian Residence. Zheng Xuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty merged the two texts into the Rites of Passage that is now in circulation. The Rites of Passage, according to the ancient school of literature, was written by the Duke of Zhou.

The Book of Rites is an anthology of essays by Confucian scholars between the Warring States period and the Qin and Han periods explaining and illustrating the scripture, the Rites of Passage. It was written by more than one author, at different times, and most of its chapters were probably written by Confucius' 72 disciples and their students, as well as other texts from the Guangqin period.

In ancient times, there were "three hundred rituals, three thousand ceremonies", but in the Han Dynasty, "rituals" only 17, Song Dynasty Wang Yinglin divided these 17 into four categories, "special livestock food gift", "juvenile food gift", "there are three" to record the rituals of sacrifices to ghosts and gods, praying for the blessing of the rituals, belong to the auspicious rituals; "funeral", "funeral", "both evening rituals", "both evening rituals", "funeral", "funeral", "funeral", "funeral", "funeral" and "funeral".

The main content of the Book of Rites

The content of the Book of Rites is mainly to record and discuss the rites and rituals of the pre-Qin Dynasty, to explain the rituals of the Yi Li, to record the questions and answers between Confucius and his disciples, and to write down the guidelines for the cultivation of the body and the conduct of people.

Connections and Differences

The Three Rites recorded and preserved many of the rituals of the Zhou Dynasty, of which the Zhou Rites favored the political system; the Rites of Passage favored the norms of behavior; and the Rites of Passage favored the explanations of the specific rites, and the expositions. By this "three rituals" involved in the sum of the various rituals, that is, the ritual "ritual" of the entire content. The "Three Rites" is the ancient political system of China's three Confucian classics, is the blueprint of ancient Chinese etiquette and encyclopedia.