What are the basic problems or contradictions faced by public welfare theory?

Conflicts of interest and inconsistent moral standards.

1. Conflicts of interest: In medical activities, the theory of public welfare requires medical personnel to solve various conflicts of interest in medical activities from the long-term interests of society and all mankind. However, in the actual situation, there are conflicts between individual interests and social interests, short-term interests and long-term interests, and the balance of interests is an important topic facing the public welfare theory.

2. Inconsistent moral standards: the public welfare theory requires medical staff to be responsible not only for the patients themselves, but also for the society. However, the moral standards of different individuals and groups are different, so it is a challenge for public welfare theory to determine a universally recognized moral standard.