Twenty-four solar terms and the way of health preservation

Beginning of spring: "The liver governs the spring, ... the liver is bitter and anxious, eating slowly, ... the liver wants to disperse, dispersing it with pungent food, supplementing it with pungent food, and purging it with acid". In the relationship between five zang-organs and five flavors, sour taste enters the liver and converges, which is not conducive to the growth of yang and the release of liver qi. Dietary recuperation should be given to the viscera, that is, "suffering goes against its nature, so it is desirable." Desire is what the dirty god wants, that is, to make up for it. People who suffer are hated by the unclean god, that is, diarrhea. "Clear this relationship, we can purposefully choose some drugs and foods that soften and nourish the liver, soothe the liver and regulate qi, such as medlar, turmeric, salvia miltiorrhiza, corydalis tuber and so on. And choose jujube, lobster sauce, onion, coriander, peanuts, etc. , spicy and fragrant, and the formula selection is flexible.

Rain: Sun Simiao, a health care scientist in the Tang Dynasty, said in Qian Jin Fang: "On the seventy-second day of spring, acid is preserved and sweetened to nourish the temper." Among the five elements, liver belongs to wood, tastes sour, spleen belongs to soil, tastes sweet, and wood is better than soil. Therefore, the spring diet should eat less sour and eat more sweet to nourish the spleen. You can choose leek, Toona sinensis, lily, pea seedling, chrysanthemum, shepherd's purse, bamboo shoots, yam, lotus root, taro, radish, water chestnut, sugar cane and so on.

Startled: Huangdi Neijing said: "Spring is March, which is called Chen. Heaven and earth are born and everything is glorious. Lie down at night and get up early, stride in court, put on your hair and walk slowly to be ambitious. " In other words, when everything recovers in spring, going to bed early, getting up early and walking slowly can make you feel happy and healthy. Pay attention to keep warm in areas with low temperature in the north and large temperature difference between morning and evening. Spring corresponds to the liver. If you don't keep in good health, it will hurt the liver. According to modern epidemiological investigation, spring is the high incidence season of liver diseases, so we should pay attention to nourishing and protecting the liver to prevent the epidemic of infectious diseases in spring. Diet conditioning depends on the change of solar terms and everyone's physical condition. Mainly based on the principle of "nourishing yang in spring and summer", you can eat more foods that can nourish yang, such as leeks, spinach and shepherd's purse. In spring, liver qi is strong, which is easy to hurt the spleen, so eat less acid, eat more sweets such as jujube, crispy rice and yam, and replenish the spleen in shock season, which can be made into jujube porridge and yam porridge.

Vernal equinox: In this solar term, you should choose a diet that can keep your body function in harmony and balance according to your actual situation, and avoid eating misunderstandings such as being too hot, too cold, too high and too healthy. For example, when cooking cold foods such as fish, shrimp and crab, in principle, it must be supplemented with onion, ginger, wine and vinegar to prevent this dish from being cold and damaging the spleen and stomach after eating. For another example, in the consumption of aphrodisiac dishes such as leek, garlic and papaya, eggs are often accompanied by nourishing yin in order to achieve the goal of complementary yin and yang. Maintain a relaxed, cheerful and optimistic mental state. In daily life, we should insist on proper exercise, regular sleep, quantitative meals and purposeful nursed back to health in order to achieve the best health care effect.

Qingming: in terms of diet regulation, we should regularly quantify and not overeat. For obese people, we should reduce sweets, limit calorie intake and eat more fruits and vegetables. Elderly patients with hypertension should pay special attention to low-salt diet. While reducing salt intake, we should also increase potassium intake, such as eating more vegetables and fruits.

Grain Rain: "It's late in the middle of the day, but you can't cry. The guest is outside the pulse, the blood is less, and the guest is in the pulse, so he can't breathe, so it hurts. " In addition, liver qi stagnation, liver fire stagnation, improper diet, food stagnation and heat generation, liver and stomach fire rushing to the face and body yin deficiency, housework damaging essence, leading to yin deficiency and fire flourishing, which led to the occurrence of this disease. In addition, diseases such as teeth, mouth, ear and nose can also induce this disease. In the course of treatment, we should investigate its etiology and argue its symptoms. For those who feel cold, dredge qi and blood; Those with depressed fire in liver and stomach can purge the fire in liver and stomach; Those with yin deficiency and excessive fire should use the method of nourishing yin to reduce fire. Acupuncture has a good therapeutic effect on this disease.

Chang Xia: "Xia San Moon, this is called Fanxiu; Heaven and earth are in harmony, and everything is flashy. " This season is conducive to the physiological activities of the heart, so people should follow when they intersect with the solar terms. Therefore, we should pay attention to the special maintenance of the heart all summer. Old people should pay more attention to avoid stagnation of qi and blood to prevent heart attacks. Therefore, in the long summer season, we should be happy, feel at ease, enjoy ourselves and avoid sudden joy and sadness. Eating a little onion in the morning and drinking a little red wine at dinner can promote blood circulation. Specifically, the diet should be low in fat, low in salt, multi-dimensional and light.

Xiaoman: "Evil spirits pass by, the body itches, and the rash is addictive." Ancient doctors knew about this disease for a long time. The etiology and pathogenesis of "rubella" are nothing more than three points: first, the skin is damp and depressed, and wind-heat or wind-cold is repeated, which is related to damp evil and depressed between skin and fur; Second, due to the accumulation of heat in the stomach and intestines, common cold has a heavy feeling, which is not allowed to leak inside and not to penetrate outside, which is caused by stagnation between fur and skin; Third, it is related to physical fitness. Eating fish, shrimp, crabs and other food allergies leads to disharmony between the spleen and stomach, which is caused by damp heat and depression in the skin. Rubella can occur in any part of the body, with rapid onset, and rashes of different sizes, patches or papules will suddenly appear on the skin, one after another, with different densities, accompanied by abnormal itching of the skin, which will be alleviated or aggravated with the cold and hot climate. When we understand the mechanism of diseases, we can carry out targeted prevention and treatment.

Diet care for patients with similar skin should be based on refreshing and light vegetarian diet, and often eat foods with functions of clearing away dampness and heat, such as adzuki bean, coix seed, mung bean, wax gourd, loofah, cucumber, day lily, cress, water chestnut, auricularia auricula, lotus root, carrot, tomato, watermelon, yam, snake meat and crucian carp. Don't eat food with strong sorghum flavor, which is sweet, fat and greasy, and helps to moisten, such as animal fat, fishy fish, hot and sour products, fried and smoked things, such as raw onion, raw garlic, ginger, mustard, pepper, fennel, cinnamon, leek, eggplant, mushrooms, marine fish, shrimps and crabs.

Ear seeds: the focus of health care should be based on the climatic characteristics of the season. In terms of mental conditioning, it is necessary to keep the spirit relaxed and happy, not angry and depressed, so that qi can be promoted and freely vented. In daily life, you should go to bed late and get up early, and receive proper sunlight (avoid direct sunlight, and pay attention to heatstroke prevention), so as to conform to the fullness of yang, which is conducive to the operation of qi and blood and cheer up the spirit. In summer, the days are long and the nights are short. Taking a nap in the middle school helps to restore fatigue and is good for health. After planting awn seeds, it is hot at noon, and people are prone to sweating. Clothes should be washed and changed frequently. In order to avoid heatstroke, you should take a bath often after planting, which can make your skin loose and "yang heat" easy to vent. However, pay attention to one thing. Don't take a bath immediately when sweating. There is an old saying in China, "You can't see wet when you sweat". If you "get wet when sweating, you will get acne."

In addition, while emphasizing dietary supplements, we warn people not to eat too salty or too sweet. Too salty diet, too much sodium ion in the body, the elderly and low activity will all increase blood pressure and even cause cerebrovascular dysfunction. Eating too many sweets is not good for human health. With the increase of age, the metabolic capacity of carbohydrates in the body gradually decreases, which should lead to the accumulation of intermediate products such as sucrose, which can lead to hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia, and even induce diabetes in severe cases. It can be seen that diet is an extremely important means of health preservation and disease prevention. Therefore, in summer, the metabolism of human body is vigorous, sweat is easy to leak out, and gas consumption hurts body fluids. It is advisable to eat more diets with the functions of dispelling summer heat and benefiting qi, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst. Due to the decline of physical function, the secretion of digestive juice is reduced in hot days, and the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are hardened to varying degrees. The diet of the elderly should be mainly tonic, supplemented by foods that clear away heat and relieve summer heat, protect the stomach and spleen, and reduce blood pressure and lipid. During menstruation or postpartum, although the weather is getting hotter, women should avoid eating cold products to prevent other diseases.

Summer solstice: "In summer, the heart is strong and the kidneys fail. Although it is hot, it is not suitable for eating cold ice and snow, honey water, bean jelly and cold porridge. When you are full of cold, you will get cholera. " Heart-flourishing kidney failure means external heat and internal cold. Because the outside is hot and the inside is cold, it is not advisable to eat more cold food, but it is ok to eat less. Too much greed will definitely hurt the spleen and stomach and make people vomit. Watermelon, mung bean soup and ebony bean soup have good effects on quenching thirst and relieving summer heat, but they should not be eaten chilled. According to the relationship between zang-fu organs and zang-fu organs in traditional Chinese medicine, "fire without kidney is Shui Han, and fire without kidney water is blazing. The heart must be nourished by the kidney, and the kidney must be warm. " It is not difficult to see the important relationship between heart and kidney.

The summer climate is hot, and people's digestive function is relatively weak. Therefore, the diet should be light and not fat, sweet and thick, eat more miscellaneous grains to make your body catch cold, and don't overeat hot food to avoid helping heat; Eating melons and fruits in cold sex should be enough, not overeating, so as not to damage the spleen and stomach; Products with strong flavor and high fat should be less than much, so as to avoid hot wind and stimulate the disease of boils.

Summer heat: Summer is the season with frequent digestive tract diseases, so bad habits such as improper diet, unclean diet and partial eclipse should be changed in diet conditioning. Eat moderately. Hunger leads to insufficient food intake, lack of chemical sources, leading to insufficient qi and blood, causing physical fatigue and emaciation, weak vital qi, decreased resistance and other diseases; Full appetite will exceed the digestion, absorption and transportation functions of the spleen and stomach, leading to diseases that damage the spleen and stomach, such as food accumulation, abdominal distension, putrefaction and pantothenic acid, anorexia, vomiting and diarrhea. "Su Wenbi's Essays" said: "Eating twice as much will hurt your stomach", which means that you should control your diet.

Unclean diet in summer is the culprit of many gastrointestinal diseases, such as dysentery, parasites and other diseases. If you eat spoiled and toxic food, it will also lead to food poisoning, causing abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea, and even coma or death.

Dietary addiction is one of the causes of malnutrition, and only proper dietary adjustment can ensure the nutrition needed by the human body. The diet tends to be too cold and overheated, and the five flavors are biased. Eating too much will damage the yang of the spleen and stomach, cold and dampness can cause abdominal pain and diarrhea, partial eclipse can cause gastrointestinal heat accumulation, thirst, abdominal distension and pain, and constipation will eventually become hemorrhoids; The deviation of five flavors means that people's spiritual qi and blood are all bred by five flavors, which correspond to the five internal organs, such as sour entering the liver, bitter entering the heart, sweet entering the spleen and salty entering the kidney. If you like a certain food for a long time, it will make the function of viscera rise and fall, and over time it will damage the internal organs and cause diseases. If it is salty, the qi and blood will stagnate and the face will be dull; Eating more bitterness will make the skin dry and the hair fall off; Eating too much spicy food will make tendons tense and nails wither; Eating too much sour taste will make the skin tight and shrink, and the lips will be dry and thin. If you eat too much sweets, your bones will hurt and your hair will fall off easily. What is important is that excessive hobbies will not only lead to malnutrition, but also hurt the spleen and stomach and other viscera, leading to beriberi, night blindness and gallstones. Therefore, the five flavors of diet (sour, bitter, sweet, pungent and salty) should be appropriate. Usually, you don't have a partial eclipse, and you don't eat when you are sick.

Summer heat: "Eat and raise all grains, fruits and vegetables". Li Shizhen, a famous doctor, especially praised the health care function of medicated porridge. He said: "Eat a big bowl of porridge every day and you will make it on an empty stomach. It's not detailed, but it's extremely soft and greasy. It is compatible with the stomach and is the most wonderful diet. " Medicinal porridge is suitable for the elderly, children and people with weak spleen and stomach function. Therefore, the ancients said that "porridge is the best in the world" and "two rice meals are better than a big bag of ginseng and astragalus". "Six Books of Medicine" records that "glutinous rice porridge is the capital to raise Kundan, and glutinous rice porridge is the wonderful product to warm and nourish the stomach and replenish qi". It can be seen that porridge is important to people. Medicinal porridge is beneficial to human body, but it is not omnipotent. According to everyone's different physique and diseases, we should choose the right medicine and cook porridge to achieve satisfactory results.

In summer, water is also a very important and indispensable thing to strengthen the body and prolong life. As the saying goes, "Man is made of water", which makes sense. Water accounts for about 70% of human body weight, and drinking cold boiled water is highly recommended by traditional health preservation methods. The experimental results also show that. After a cup of ordinary water is boiled, cover it and cool it to room temperature. After this cold boiled water is boiled and cooled, the chlorine gas is reduced by 1/2 compared with ordinary natural water, and the physical and chemical properties of water, such as surface tension, density, viscosity and conductivity, have changed, which is very similar to the water in biologically active cells, so it is easy to penetrate cells and has wonderful biological activities. According to folk experience and experimental results, drinking a glass of fresh cold water every morning will lead to a miraculous longevity in a few years. Japanese medical scientists surveyed and counted 460 elderly people over 65. Among those who insist on drinking a cup of cold boiled water every morning for five years, 82% of the elderly people are ruddy and full of energy, and their teeth are not loose. They can walk 65,438+00 kilometers every day, and they have never been seriously ill. This shows that the importance of water to human body is absolutely true. Besides water, wine, soup and fruit juice can all be called drinks. Reasonable choice can play a very good role in keeping fit.

Beginning of autumn: In autumn, the lungs should be in the lungs, and the lungs are sad (worried). Sorrow and worry easily hurt the lungs. Lung-qi deficiency can reduce the body's tolerance to bad stimuli and easily lead to sadness and worry. Therefore, when carrying out self-care, we must not deviate from the laws of nature and follow the outline of its ancients. "Calm the mind, slow down the punishment in autumn, converge the air, and calm the air in autumn; Without ambition, the lungs are clear, and this autumn gas should be the way to raise and collect. "

First, mental conditioning: achieve inner peace, mental peace, ease of mind, and avoid sadness. Even if you encounter sad things, you should take the initiative to resolve them to avoid cold air, and at the same time, you should converge to adapt to the calm air in autumn.

Second, nursed back to health in daily life: beginning of autumn season is the time when the sky is crisp, so we should start to "lie down early and get up early and have fun with chickens", conform to the convergence of yang, get up early and stretch our lungs to prevent excessive collection. Beginning of autumn is the season of early autumn, and the heat is not over. Although there is a cool breeze, the weather is changeable. Even in the same area, there will be a situation of "four seasons in one day and different days in ten miles". Therefore, it is not advisable to wear too many clothes, otherwise it will affect the body's ability to adapt to the cold climate and it is easy to catch a cold.

Third, diet nursed back to health; Su Wen on the Method of Dirty Qi says: "The lung governs autumn ... the lung converges, and when eating acid, it is urgently harvested, supplemented with acid, and diarrhea." It can be seen that sour taste converges lung qi, while pungent taste diverges and clears lung. It should be harvested in autumn. Try to eat less irritating products such as onions and ginger, and eat more sour fruits and vegetables. In autumn, lung gold is smooth, but lung gold is too abundant, which hinders liver wood. Therefore, it is said in synopsis of the golden chamber that "you don't eat lungs in autumn" that dry air in autumn is in season, which is easy to hurt body fluids, so diet should nourish yin and moisten lungs. "Diet to Start" says: "Autumn is dry, so you should eat hemp to moisten it, but not drink cold". There are even people who advocate eating raw porridge in autumn to nourish yin and moisten dryness. In short, you can eat some soft foods such as sesame, glutinous rice, japonica rice, honey, loquat, pineapple and dairy products in autumn, which will benefit your stomach and promote fluid production.

4. Exercise and recuperation: Entering autumn is a good opportunity for all kinds of exercises. Everyone can choose different sports according to their own specific situation. Here, I will introduce you to an autumn health exercise, that is, the "autumn breathing fitness method" in the Taoist Zang Zhouyu Classic. The specific method is: after washing in the morning, sit quietly indoors with your eyes closed, knock your teeth 36 times first, then stir with your tongue in your mouth until the liquid is in your mouth. When inhaling, lick the upper jaw with your tongue and inhale through your nose in order to send it to Tian Dan. Exhale slowly from your mouth. When you exhale, you should say the word silently, but don't make any noise. Repeat 30 times. Adhering to this work in autumn has the effect of protecting the lungs and strengthening the body.

Summer: The reason why autumn health care emphasizes ensuring sleep time is because sleep has a good health care effect. Without normal sleep, you can't maintain normal life activities well.

The role of sleep includes five aspects:

First, eliminate fatigue.

In sleep, the human spirit is preserved in the five internal organs. When the five internal organs are comfortable, qi and blood will be harmonious, body temperature, blood pressure and heart rate will be relatively reduced, and breathing and endocrine will be significantly reduced, thus reducing metabolic rate and restoring physical strength.

Second, protect the brain.

The oxygen consumption of the brain is greatly reduced during sleep. Adequate sleep is conducive to the storage of energy in brain cells, which helps to restore energy and improve brain efficiency.

Third, enhance immunity.

Sleep is not only a re-creation process of intelligence and physical strength, but also an important means of disease rehabilitation. Sleep can produce more antigens and antibodies and enhance the body's resistance, so modern medicine often regards sleep as a treatment for intractable pain and mental illness;

Fourth, promote development.

Sleep is closely related to children's growth and development, and children's growth rate increases rapidly during sleep, so ensuring adequate sleep time is one of the conditions for children's height growth;

Fifth, it is conducive to beauty.

Sleep has a great influence on skin fitness. This is because during sleep, the process of skin surface secretion and clearance is strengthened, capillary circulation is increased, and skin regeneration is accelerated, so that facial haggard and skin fine lines caused by overwork are recovered during sleep. So sleep is also the basic guarantee of beautiful skin.

In summer, we should eat products that can clear away heat and soothe the nerves, such as tremella, lily, lotus seeds, honey, yellow croaker, scallop, kelp, jellyfish, celery, spinach, glutinous rice, sesame seeds, beans, milk and so on.

Peace and Prosperity: For a typical autumn climate, we have to consider the characteristics of autumn climate-dryness, which is often called "autumn dryness". We say that dryness hurts people and easily consumes body fluids, resulting in dry mouth, dry lips, dry nose, dry throat, dry stool, chapped skin and other symptoms. There are many ways to prevent autumn dryness. You can eat more foods rich in vitamins, and you can also choose some traditional Chinese medicines that can disperse the lung and eliminate phlegm, nourish yin and replenish qi, such as ginseng, radix adenophorae, American ginseng, lily, almond and Fritillaria cirrhosa, which have many good effects on relieving autumn dryness. Using onion, ginger, cardamom and coriander can prevent and treat colds; Beet juice and cherry juice can prevent measles; White radish and fresh olive soup can prevent diphtheria; Litchi can prevent halitosis caused by stomatitis and gastritis; Carrot porridge can prevent dizziness. Bitter gourd, asparagus and purslane all have anti-cancer effects.

Autumnal Equinox: "Those who know, the method lies in Yin and Yang, but in several strokes, moderate diet." Ancient doctors regarded black-bone chicken, mutton, donkey skin, onion, ginger and jujube as the purpose of yin and yang, qi and blood, or the purpose of regulating stomach qi; In a large number of recipes and dishes, it is not difficult to find many medicinal materials, such as Lycium barbarum, yam, astragalus, poria cocos, clove, cardamom, cinnamon and so on. When drugs and food are properly mixed, the efficacy of food health care and disease prevention can be improved.

In the long-term life practice, ancient doctors divided the attributes of food into three categories, namely, cold, flat and warm. Among them, according to the statistics of more than 300 kinds of common Chinese food, the food with flat sex is the most, followed by warm food and cold food. As far as its function is concerned, cold food has the functions of nourishing yin, clearing heat, purging fire, cooling blood and detoxifying. These foods include watermelon, melon, banana, sugarcane, mango, loquat, apple, pear, persimmon, water chestnut, water chestnut, mulberry, tomato, cucumber, bitter gourd, wax gourd and so on.

Warm food has the functions of warming meridians, supporting yang, promoting blood circulation, dredging collaterals and dispelling cold. Pepper, pepper, mustard seed and trout are hot foods, such as cherry, litchi, longan, apricot, pomegranate, chestnut, jujube, walnut, garlic, pumpkin, raw onion, ginger, leek, fennel, eel and silver carp.

Sexual foods include plums, figs, grapes, ginkgo, lilies, lotus seeds, peanuts, hazelnuts, black sesame seeds, auricularia auricula, day lilies, onions, potatoes, black, red, soybeans, lentils, cowpeas, Chinese cabbage, taro, carrots, Chinese cabbage, Toona sinensis, Artemisia annua, kohlrabi, jellyfish and soybeans.

Cold dew: "Autumn is dry, so you should eat hemp to moisten it." At this time, we should eat more soft foods such as sesame, glutinous rice, japonica rice, honey and dairy products, and at the same time increase chicken, duck, beef, pork liver, fish, shrimp, jujube and yam to increase our physical fitness; Eat less spicy products, such as pepper, ginger, onion, garlic, etc., because overeating spicy food will hurt the yin essence of the body.

First frost: It is best to have some seasonal fruits, persimmons, pears and apples. You can eat more, but avoid touching cold watermelon, because when the weather is cold, eating too much cold food will easily reduce your body's resistance and induce a cold. Mutton stove and other tonic ginger soup, because it is too hot and dry, will add fuel to the fire in the case of thirst, so wait until the weather is colder.