How to distinguish GIS (Geographic Information System), RS (Remote Sensing) and GPS?

GIS (Geographic Information System) is a technical system that collects, stores, manages, calculates, analyzes, displays and describes the relevant geographical distribution data of the whole or part of the earth's surface space (including the atmosphere) with the support of computer hardware and software systems.

Remote Sensing: It uses remote sensors to detect the properties of ground objects from the air. According to the principle that different objects have different responses to the spectrum, it is of great significance to recognize various ground objects on the ground.

GPS (Global Positioning System) is a technology that combines the development of satellite and communication and uses navigation satellites to measure time and distance.

Second, the development time is different.

GIS (Geographic Information System): 1967, the world's first truly applied geographic information system was developed by the Federal Department of Forestry and Rural Development in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Remote sensing: a new technology developed in the early 1960s, originally aerial remote sensing. Since 1972, the United States launched the first land satellite, marking the beginning of the era of space remote sensing.

GPS (Global Positioning System): Developed by the United States in the 1970s, it took more than 20 years and cost 20 billion dollars. It was fully completed in 1994.

Extended data

First, the basic characteristics of geographic information system

1, the physical shell of geographic information system is a computerized technical system, which consists of several interrelated subsystems, such as data acquisition subsystem, data management subsystem, data processing and analysis subsystem, image processing subsystem and data product output subsystem. The quality and structure of these subsystems directly affect the hardware platform, function, efficiency, data processing mode and product output type of GIS.

2. The operation object of 2.GIS is spatial data, that is, geographical entities with three-dimensional elements such as points, lines, surfaces and bodies. The most fundamental feature of spatial data is that each data is coded according to unified geographical coordinates, which realizes its positioning, qualitative and quantitative description. This is the fundamental sign that GIS is different from other types of information systems, and it is also a technical difficulty.

3. The technical advantage of 3.GIS lies in its ability of data synthesis, simulation, analysis and evaluation, which can obtain important information that is difficult to obtain by conventional methods or ordinary information systems, and realize the simulation and prediction of geospatial process evolution.

Second, the main characteristics of remote sensing

1, a wide range of data can be obtained. The flying height of aerial photography plane used for remote sensing is about 10km, and the satellite orbit height of land satellite is about 9 10km, which can obtain a wide range of information in time.

2. The speed of obtaining information is fast and the period is short. Because the satellite orbits the earth, it can get the latest information of various natural phenomena passing through the region in time, so as to update the original information or carry out dynamic monitoring according to the changes of old and new information, which is incomparable to manual field measurement and aerial photogrammetry.

3. Access to information is less restricted by conditions. There are many places on the earth, where the natural conditions are extremely bad and it is difficult for human beings to reach, such as deserts, swamps and mountains. Using remote sensing technology, especially space remote sensing, which is not limited by ground conditions, can obtain all kinds of valuable information conveniently and timely.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Geographic Information Technology