China's history of flower horticulture what flower cultivation technology?

In the development of flower horticulture, people have accumulated rich experience, mastered the cultivation, seed introduction, reproduction, as well as flower management and other technologies, in China's history of flower horticulture occupies an important page, writing a beautiful chapter.

China's ancient flower cultivation technology, in addition to some of the similarity with field crops, but also rich in special features. After thousands of years of accumulation, are scattered in a variety of sporadic literature, until the early Qing Dynasty, "Flower Mirror" has a systematic organization of the narrative.

"Flower Mirror" Volume II of the "tree flower eighteen method" can be said to be the flower cultivation of the great success. "Eighteen methods" of naming also fully reflect the characteristics of floriculture. There are flower character, planting location, catching and changing the magic, planting sometimes, cuttings easy to grow, moving flowers to the stacks, over the paste coincidence, under the seed and the period, the collection of seeds and seeds, watering and irrigation is appropriate, cultivation and congestion can not be, the treatment of all insects and pests, the withered trees live tree, change the flowers to promote the flowers, the pots of planting and taking the landscape, flowers and bottles, rectify the deletion of the family and the fragrance of the flowers of the endurance of the law.

Taking the example of recognizing the temperament of flowers, "Flower Mirror" believes that in nature, flowers and trees are alive, and each kind of flower has different habits.

For example: peony flowers like sunny, dry and cool, no high temperature in summer, winter is not very cold place; roses like sunny, hardy, drought-resistant, like well-drained, loose and fertile loam or light loam; camellia like high humidity in the air, avoiding dryness, like fertile, loose, slightly acidic loam or humus, etc..

The cultivation of flowers, variations and increase in the category, is related to the exotic and exotic places continue to introduce seeds. The earliest large-scale introduction of exotic species is the aforementioned Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty on the Forest Garden. Later, the introduction of successive generations, continuous.

Jin Dynasty botanist JI Han compiled the "southern grasses," recorded in China's Guangdong, Guangxi and other places, as well as Vietnam's plants. Among them are jasmine and Susansonia, which were introduced from Persia.

Tang Dynasty Shangshu left servant Li Deyu had the south of the camellia, lily bulb, purple osmanthus, tufted butterfly, sea heather, Kuna, four times azalea and other flowers and trees in his villa in Luoyang, Pingquanzhuang, * * * there are more than 70 kinds of exotic flowers and grasses around the world. Bai Juyi, a great poet of Tang Dynasty, had introduced Suzhou white lotus to Luoyang and Lushan azalea to Zhongxian in Sichuan.

Peony originally flourished in Luoyang, but after the Song Dynasty, with the introduction of cultivation in other places, Bozhou in Anhui Province and Caozhou in Shandong Province rose to become the famous peony producing areas. Chrysanthemums were originally produced in the Yangtze River basin and the central plains, but from the Yuan Dynasty onwards, they were gradually introduced to the north until chrysanthemums were also planted in remote places.

Asexual reproduction is more common in flower cultivation. The Song Dynasty poet Wang Guan's "Yangzhou Chrysanthemum Medicine Spectrum" pointed out: "All flowers, about three years or two years in a point. If you don't divide the old roots old and hard, and erode the new shoots, so the flowers do not accomplish." However, the plant should not be divided too often, "not divided and divided by too many, all the disease of the flower."

"Flower Mirror" pointed out that: "all the grasses and trees, according to its time, planting can be and its method, the growth of Jie in the nuclear species more than carry." The criteria for dividing the plant depends on the root to initiate small strips. For large trees transplanted, shall cut off some branches to reduce water transpiration, and prevent wind shaking death.

The main point of cuttings is that "it must be cloudy to do, such as in the case of continuous rain, there is a lot of vitality". Plugging must be "half into the soil, half out of the soil. If the cuttings of roses, wood, moon and all colors of vine flower, must be before and after the hibernation.

The grafting technology of flowers and trees was recorded only in the Song Dynasty, and gradually increased later. Ouyang Xiu, in his "Record of Peony in Luoyang", described that the rootstocks of peony should be found in the mountains in the spring and planted in the beds first, and then grafted in the fall. It is said that a joint of "Yao Huang", the most valuable variety of peony in Luoyang, is worth thousands of dollars, and the joints are bought in the fall and paid for in the spring when they blossom.

The Record of Peonies in Luoyang