Politics Essentials 3 Unit 1 Essentials

★★★1, what is culture?

Culture is the entire spiritual activity of mankind and its products relative to the economy and politics. It includes the worldview, outlook on life, values and other ideological nature of the part, but also includes natural science and technology, language and writing and other non-ideological part.

Culture is a phenomenon unique to human society. Culture is created by human beings and is specific to human beings. What is purely "natural" cannot be called culture. (e.g. natural phenomena such as typhoons and earthquakes).

2. What are the forms of culture?

Culture has a very rich form, such as ideas, concepts, beliefs, beliefs, morals, education, science, literature, art and so on.

3. Cultural activities

The process of cultural production, dissemination, and accumulation are all cultural activities.

4. Where does one's cultural literacy come from?

The cultural literacy of each person is not innate, but is gradually cultivated through the experience of social life, especially through participation in cultural activities and acceptance of knowledge and cultural education. People create and develop culture in social practice and acquire and enjoy culture in social life.

5. Culture is a spiritual force

Culture, as a social and spiritual force, can be transformed into material force in the process of people's understanding of the world and transformation of the world, and has a profound impact on social development.

The history of human society has proved that a nation cannot be poor materially or spiritually, and only when it is rich materially and spiritually can it stand in the forest of the world's nations with self-respect, self-confidence and self-improvement.

★★★6, the interrelationship between economy, politics and culture

The economy is the foundation, politics is the centralized expression of the economy, culture is a reflection of the economy and politics. A certain culture is determined by a certain economy, politics, and the reaction to a certain politics, economy, give politics, economy to a significant impact.

7, the independence of culture

Economic development is the basis of cultural development, but this does not mean that the development of culture is always with the economic development of the same step, and can not simply think that culture is the economic and political derivatives and accessories.

Culture has its own inheritance and relative independence. The view that as long as the material conditions are better, the spiritual culture will naturally be better, and that if the material conditions are worse, the spiritual culture can not be improved is not in line with the facts of historical development and is incorrect.

★★★8, culture reacts to politics and economy, giving politics and economy a significant impact

Culture is both ancient and modern and regional differences, and there are advanced and backward, the difference between decadence. Different cultures have different impacts on the economy and politics, and play different roles in social development.

(1) different national cultures, affecting the development of different nationalities and countries with different characteristics of the road. For example, China's development has been y influenced by Confucianism, while the development of the West was y influenced by the Renaissance movement. Today, the socialist culture with Chinese characteristics provides a strong spiritual impetus and intellectual support for the development of socialism in China.

(2) Culture of different natures plays different roles in social development. The advanced and healthy culture will promote the development of society, while the backward and corrupt culture will hinder the development of society. For example, socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, as an advanced culture, plays a great role in promoting the development of China's socialist cause.

10. How are culture and economy intertwined?

In economic development, the role of science and technology is becoming more and more important. In order to promote economic construction, the development of education, training a variety of high-quality personnel, improve the quality of labor is increasingly important. The role of cultural productivity in the overall pattern of the modern economy is becoming more and more important.

11. How are culture and politics intertwined?

With the development of democracy and the rule of law, people need higher cultural literacy in order to participate in political life. With the development of multi-polarization in the world, the hegemonic countries, with the help of cultural infiltration, try their best to promote their own values, and attempt to weaken and replace the national culture of other countries, in order to implement power politics. This makes the worldwide struggle against cultural hegemony an important element of contemporary international political struggle.

★★★12, why do countries around the world today emphasize cultural competitiveness? (The status of culture in the competition for comprehensive national power) In this regard, how do we respond?

(1) The status and role of culture in the competition for comprehensive national power is becoming more and more prominent. The power of culture is y embedded in the vitality, creativity and cohesion of the nation, and has become an important symbol of comprehensive national power.

(2) China is the world's largest developing country, in order to be invincible in the fierce competition, we must take the construction of culture as an important strategic task in the construction of socialist modernization, firmly grasp the direction of advanced culture, vigorously carry forward the national spirit, give priority to the development of education and science and technology, and provide the correct direction of the construction of the economy to ensure that the inexhaustible spiritual impetus and strong intellectual support. The second is to provide the right direction, inexhaustible spiritual impetus and strong intellectual support for economic construction.

The second lesson of the impact of culture on people

1, the source of the impact of culture on people

The impact of culture on people, from a specific cultural environment, from various forms of cultural activities.

★★★2. What are the effects of culture on people?

(1) Culture affects people's behavior and ways of interaction. People in the mutual interaction, always take a certain method and form. All kinds of social interactions have their own cultural imprints. The cultural influence in the ways of communication depends on values, or originates from customs and habits, cultural level and so on. Differences in people's ways of communicating can be seen in the language, objects and symbols used in communication, as well as in their behavior in the process of communication.

(2) Culture affects people's practical activities, cognitive activities and ways of thinking. Different cultural environments, different knowledge, different values, will affect people's understanding of things, as well as the depth and breadth of the understanding of things, affecting people in practice to determine the goals and behavioral choices, affecting the formation of different ways of thinking.

★★★3, what are the characteristics of the influence of culture on people?

The influence of culture on human beings is characterized by subtle and far-reaching.

(1) The influence of culture on people, with the characteristics of subtle, generally not tangible, mandatory. Cultural atmosphere can not be seen, can not be touched, but all the time in the influence of human thought and behavior. Participating in healthy and upward cultural activities can make people get spiritual pleasure, cultivate their sentiments, and improve their aesthetic level and moral cultivation. These cultural influences occur not only through subtle ways, but also as a result of people's conscious learning and active awareness of cultural cultivation. Therefore, we should actively participate in healthy cultural activities.

(2) The influence of culture on people's way of communication, way of thinking and way of life is far-reaching and lasting.

4. What is the core and symbol of cultural literacy?

Worldview, outlook on life, values are the core and symbol of people's cultural literacy. A person's worldview, outlook on life, values are formed in the long-term life and learning process, is the result of the interaction of various cultural factors. Worldview, outlook on life, values, once formed, has a definite direction, the comprehensive quality of people and lifelong development of a far-reaching and lasting impact.

★★★5, how to understand the culture shaping life?

(1) Excellent culture can enrich the spiritual world. The culture is also shaping the human being. Excellent culture can enrich the spiritual world. Actively participate in healthy and beneficial cultural activities, constantly enrich their spiritual world, is an important way to cultivate a sound personality. People's pursuit of truth, goodness and beauty is also the process of shaping a sound personality.

(2) Excellent culture can enhance the spiritual strength of people. (What are the effects of excellent cultural works on people?) Excellent cultural works, always with its unique infectious and inspirational force, make people y shocked, the power of the multiplication, become the torch that illuminates people's minds, leading people forward banner. And the resulting spiritual power, often everlasting, to inspire people to continue to create the beautification of a happy life.

(3) Excellent culture can promote the overall development of human beings. Excellent culture provides indispensable spiritual food for the healthy growth of human beings and plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the comprehensive development of human beings.

6. What is the relationship between social development and human development? What are the aspects of comprehensive human development?

The process of social development and human development are mutually integrated and mutually reinforcing. The more comprehensive development of human society will create more material wealth, the more people's lives can be improved, and the more adequate material and cultural conditions, and can promote the comprehensive development of human beings. The level of development of social productive forces and economic and cultural development is a gradual and never-ending historical process, the comprehensive development of human beings is also a gradual and never-ending process.

The all-round development of human beings is manifested in the comprehensive development of human ideological and moral qualities, scientific and cultural qualities and health qualities.

7, China's current people's spiritual world of the mainstream is what?

Since the reform and opening up, the unprecedented prosperity of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, broaden people's horizons, promote the liberation of ideas and concepts of renewal, people's sense of self-reliance, sense of competition, sense of efficiency and the sense of democracy and the rule of law has greatly enhanced the ideology of patriotism, collectivism, socialist ideas, scientific and civilized, pioneering and enterprising, healthy and upward ideological concepts and ethical trends, become the mainstream of the spiritual world of the people of our country. The mainstream of the spiritual world of our people.

Lesson 3: Cultural Diversity and Cultural Diffusion

1. In what ways can we feel the charm of cultural diversity?

From national festivals and cultural heritage, people can y feel the charm of the world's cultural diversity.

2. What are the cultural attractions of national festivals?

National festivals are the long-term accumulation of a nation's history and culture and contain cultural factors such as local customs, religious beliefs and moral ethics. Celebration of national festivals is a concentrated display of national culture and a concentrated expression of national emotions. Through the national traditional festivals and customs, we can appreciate the flavor of different national cultures.

3. What is the significance of protecting cultural heritage? How to protect it?

Cultural heritage is an important symbol of the historical and cultural achievements of a country and nation. Many of the world's cultural heritage known as cultural relics, architectural groups and sites, not only for the study of the evolution of human civilization is of great significance, but also for the display of the world's cultural diversity has a unique role, they are mankind **** the same cultural wealth.

★★★4, cultural diversity in what aspects?

Cultural diversity is also the diversity of national cultures. Cultural diversity can be seen in language and writing, religious beliefs, ideological theories, literature and art, folk architecture, customs and habits and other aspects.

★★★5. Why is culture both national and universal?

The world's culture is composed of the cultures of different peoples and countries. The culture of different peoples is the unity of *** and individuality. Without the distinctive cultures of different peoples and countries, there would be no rich and colorful world culture. Therefore, culture is national, each nation has its own cultural personality and characteristics; culture is the world, each national culture is the world culture in the indispensable color.

★★★6. What are the attitudes and reasons for respecting cultural diversity?

(1) The correct attitude to respect cultural diversity is to identify with one's own culture and to respect other cultures.

(2) Respect for cultural diversity is an intrinsic requirement for the development of the nation. The culture of each nation has its own essence, and the essence of each nation's culture is the product of the historical development of the nation and the crystallization of the people's wisdom. To respect cultural diversity, we must first respect our own culture and cultivate and develop our own culture.

Respect for cultural diversity is a necessary requirement for the realization of world cultural prosperity. The cultural achievements of a nation belong not only to the nation but also to the whole world. Respecting and preserving different national cultures is the basis for the survival and development of mankind.

7. What are the principles of respect for cultural diversity?

To recognize the diversity of cultures in the world and to respect the cultures of different peoples, it is necessary to follow the principle of equality of cultures. In cultural exchanges, it is necessary to respect differences, understand individuality, live together in peace, and **** with the promotion of the prosperity of world culture.

★★★8, what is cultural communication? What are the ways of communication?

The process of cultural exchange is the process of cultural transmission. The dissemination of knowledge, information, ideas, emotions and beliefs, and all the social interactions associated with them, can be regarded as cultural transmission.

The main means of cultural transmission are: commerce, human migration, education, mass media, etc.

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9. What is mass media? What are its characteristics (role)?

In modern society, there are many forms of media, such as newspapers, radio, television, Internet, etc., which are called mass media.

The mass media can maximize the boundaries of time and space, gathering information from all over the world, showing the powerful function of cultural transmission, communication, **** enjoyment, and become the main means of cultural dissemination.

★★★10, what is the role of cultural communication? What should we do?

Cultural diffusion promotes the development of world culture.

We should not only warmly welcome the dissemination of the world's outstanding culture in China, but also take the initiative to promote the Chinese culture to the world, to be a friendly messenger of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, is the mission entrusted to us by the times.

Lesson 4: Inheritance of culture and cultural development

★★★1, what is traditional culture? What is the inheritance of traditional culture?

Traditional culture is a relatively stable culture formed and preserved in real life in the course of long-term historical development.

The inheritance of traditional culture includes the inheritance of traditional customs, traditional architecture, traditional art and traditional thought.

2. What are the characteristics of traditional culture?

(1) Traditional culture has relative stability. Traditional culture has retained its basic characteristics from generation to generation, and at the same time, its specific connotations are capable of changing from time to time.

(2) Traditional culture has a distinctive national character. As a product of specific historical development, traditional culture is the spiritual bond that sustains the survival and development of the nation.

3. How to develop traditional culture?

In the process of social development, with the development of productive forces, economic and political changes, the corresponding content of traditional culture can play a positive role in the development of society and human beings if it can adapt to the changes in social life and meet the growing spiritual needs of people. On the other hand, if it remains unchanged, traditional culture will also hinder social progress and hinder the negative role of human development.

★★★4, how to inherit traditional culture, play a positive role in traditional culture?

The correct attitude is: "take the essence, remove the dross", criticizing the inheritance of the past for the present. In the face of traditional culture, we must recognize their role in real life, distinguish between the essence and dregs. The positive contents of traditional culture that meet the requirements of social development should be maintained and carried forward. For the traditional culture does not meet the requirements of social development, backward, corrupt things, we must "change the customs", consciously to transform or eliminate.

5. What is the significance of the correct treatment of traditional culture?

A nation, a country, only to play the positive role of traditional culture, to overcome the negative role of traditional culture, in order to thrive and develop; each person only correctly treat the impact of traditional culture, in order to make their own free and comprehensive development, better to create a new life.

★★★6, how is the relationship between cultural inheritance and cultural development?

Inheritance and development are two aspects of the same process. Inheritance is the necessary precondition for development, development is the inevitable requirement of inheritance. We should grasp the relationship between cultural inheritance and cultural development, develop on the basis of inheritance, inherit in the process of development, and constantly push forward the new, new and new.

7. What are the important factors affecting cultural development?

Changes in social systems, scientific and technological advances, ideological movements, and changes in the way of education all have an important impact on cultural development