How to classify Chinese character strokes?

First, the classification of Chinese character strokes:

1, stroke: it is the smallest unit that constitutes the font of Chinese characters in regular script. The shape of a pen is the shape of a stroke.

2. Main stroke shape: it is the five basic stroke shapes of Chinese characters: horizontal (1) vertical (?) left (?) dot () fold (? )。

3. Accessory stroke: It is an accessory stroke corresponding to the main stroke.

4. Flat pen shape: it is the four main pen shapes of horizontal, vertical, left and right, and their corresponding auxiliary pen shapes.

5. Folding pen shape: it is the main pen shape folding and its corresponding auxiliary pen shape.

Second, the basic strokes of Chinese characters:

The basic strokes of Chinese standard input method include 6 flat strokes and 20 folding strokes. Flat strokes can be classified into six types, as shown in the following table:

There are 20 folding pen shapes. The folding pen shapes in the following table include additional pen shapes and inductive folding pen shapes:

Stroke (bǐ huà) usually refers to points and lines of various shapes that make up Chinese characters, such as horizontal (1), vertical (2), left (3), point (3), fold (3) and so on. It is the smallest Lian Bi unit of Chinese characters. Stroke sometimes refers to the number of strokes, such as the Chinese character stroke index in front of a word book. [ 1] ? When expressing these two meanings, "strokes" can also be used as "strokes", but now it is standardized as "strokes". In addition, strokes also refer to pictures with pen-and-ink strokes. This meaning is generally used in ancient books, but it is not commonly used or used now.

There are eight basic strokes in traditional Chinese characters, namely "point (个), horizontal (个), vertical (个), left (个), lifting, folding (个) and being hooked (个).

The fonts of Chinese characters are divided into handwriting and printing. Handwriting refers to the handwritten form of characters, which is flexible and easy to express personal style. There are three kinds of calligraphy in modern China: regular script, cursive script and running script. The strokes of handwritten Chinese characters are different due to the use of hard pen and soft pen, such as hard pen vertical strokes, and soft pen (such as writing brush) vertical strokes include short vertical strokes, long vertical strokes, hanging needle strokes and vertical strokes.

Printing refers to the printing form of characters. There are four types of modern Chinese characters: Song Style, Imitation Song Style, Regular Style and Black Style, among which Song Style and Regular Style are the most commonly used. Before the arrangement of Chinese characters' glyphs, there were great differences in the pen shapes and strokes between the printed Song style and the printed regular script, such as the "namely" in the printed regular script. In order to make the style of publication consistent with the style of publication, in principle, the style of publication should be closer to the style of publication. The Ministry of Culture of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the China Language Reform Commission (now the State Language Commission) held a meeting on1965438+1October 30th.

Generally speaking, strokes are based on mainstream fonts (Song Ti, Kai Ti, etc. ), and there are generally two classification methods of modern Chinese strokes: the rough classification divides strokes into eight categories (eight-character method) or five categories (calligraphy method); Detailed classification divides strokes into basic strokes and derived strokes (compound strokes). When writing, strokes whose direction has not changed from beginning to end are called basic strokes (flat strokes), and those whose direction has changed are called derived strokes (compound strokes, that is, folding strokes).

Stroke is a continuous line written at one time when Chinese characters are written, and it is the smallest constituent unit of Chinese characters. Detailed classification divides strokes into basic strokes and derived strokes (compound strokes). When writing, strokes whose direction has not changed from beginning to end are called basic strokes (flat strokes), and those whose direction has changed are called derived strokes (compound strokes, that is, folding strokes). At present, it is generally accepted by academic circles that Zhang Jingxian summed it up from the word 6 196 in the "List of Chinese Characters for Printing".

There are 6 basic strokes (flat strokes) and 25 derived strokes (folding strokes). Six basic strokes include: horizontal (1), vertical (2), left (3), dot (3) and si (4). ), mention (? ), GB 13000. 1, 12, 19 issued by the Ministry of Education and the Language Commission also list 25 kinds of derived strokes (folding strokes) of printed Song Dynasty:

Transverse fold (? ), sideways (? ), cross hook (e), cross hook (? ), horizontal folding (? ), lateral bending (? ), horizontal folding (? ), cross hook (? ), transverse hook (? ), cross hook (? ), horizontal folding (? ), transverse folding hook (? ), horizontal folding (? ), vertical lifting (? ), vertical folding (? ), vertical hook (cut), vertical bend (? ), vertical hook (乚), vertical folding (ㄣ), vertical folding (? ), vertical folding hook (? ), skimming point (? ), fold (? ), oblique hook (? ), hook (? )。 In addition to these 25 folding strokes, there is also a folding stroke "?" Used to print Chinese characters in regular script. (commonly known as "lying hook"). [7-8] ? Knowing the shape of strokes will help to count the number of strokes, which will help to guide writing and look it up in the dictionary.

According to the standard of regular script, Chinese characters are horizontal (1), vertical (2), apostrophe (3), dot (3) and fold (? ) five main strokes, of which vertical and horizontal apostrophe points can be subdivided into nine types.

Note: sometimes the cross hook (? ) to the transverse hook (? , b), vertical fold (? ) is divided into vertical folding (ㄣ) and horizontal folding (? ) is classified as transverse bending (? ), cross hook (? ) is classified as a diagonal hook (? )。

In addition to the 32 strokes mentioned above, some strokes are only used for individual Chinese characters. Such as: strokes "? (horizontal line) "for" three "and so on, and stroke"? (circle) "is used for" 0,? 、? 、? In the same class, the stroke "oblique hook" is used for "? (Ya, Swallow) "Wait, gesticulate"? (left hook) "is used for" left hook "and so on.