What are Chinese classical musical instruments?

Chinese classical musical instruments are generally classified according to "eight tones".

"Bayin" is my country's earliest method of classifying musical instruments according to their manufacturing materials. It was first seen in "Zhou Li? 6? 1 Spring Palace" and is divided into "gold, stone, earth, leather, silk, wood, gourd (pao)" ), bamboo" eight categories: the "gold" category includes bells, bells, bo, yong, nao, sheng bells, chanting bells, etc.; the "stone" category includes jade chimes (qing), sheng chimes, Singing chimes, singing balls, etc.; "earth" category includes xun (xun), fou (fou), etc.; "leather" category includes county (xuan) drum, tao (tao), yinggu, bo (bo) and fu (fu) etc.; "Silk" includes qin, zi, zhu, zither, etc.; "Wood" category includes Yu (yu), Chu (chu), etc.; "Xi" category includes Yu, Sheng, reed, etc.; "Bamboo" category includes Xiao,龠(yue), flute, 窯(chi), etc.

The musical instruments in this "eight tones" were called "old Chinese music" or "old Chinese instruments" in later generations, which refers to pure Han nationality musical instruments, mainly to distinguish them from foreign instruments.

After the opening of the Silk Road in the Western Han Dynasty, a large number of "Barbarian music" appeared in mainland China, such as pipa, konghou, 筚篥, Jie drum, Qiang flute, etc., because these musical instruments can also be classified according to the "eight tones" classification

Classify without reinventing new taxonomies.

In the Tang Dynasty, the "Pyu State" (now Myanmar) paid tribute to a large number of "Piao musical instruments". These instruments could not be classified by the Zhou system of "Bayin". Therefore, some changes were made under the name of "Bayin", which was still used.

According to the "New Tang Book? 6? 1 Nanman? 6? 1 Piao Zhuan", the "Bayin" in the Tang Dynasty changed the three categories of "stone", "earth" and "wood" in the "Bayin" made in Zhou Dynasty to "

"shell", "tooth" and "horn", so the "eight tones" made in the Tang Dynasty are "gold, shell, silk, bamboo, gourd, leather, tooth and horn": "gold" category includes bells, cymbals and iron plates;

The "silk" category includes large harp, single-stringed harp, small harp, tuo (tuo) zither, phoenix-headed harp, dragon-headed pipa, and cloud-headed harp; "bamboo" category includes transverse flute, two-headed harp

flute; "go" category includes big gosheng and small gosheng; "leather" category includes three-sided drum and small drum; "tooth" category includes tooth sheng; "horn" category includes triangle sheng and two-horned sheng.

The main ancient musical instruments include xun, fou, zhu, panpipe, konghou, zither, guqin, zither, etc.

After the Han and Tang dynasties, a large number of foreign musical instruments such as flutes, 筚篥, pipa, and huqin were adopted into Chinese music and were improved and developed by the Chinese, gradually replacing China's original local musical instruments.

Except for the guqin, which has always been favored by literati and spread as an instrument, almost all the instruments officially performed in the "folk music" public are imported.

In addition, chime bells play an extremely important role in ancient Chinese music.

Chime bells belong to the family of variable-pitched percussion instruments. Their pronunciation is similar to that of bells, with crisp and pleasant sound and long-lasting sound.

Suitable for playing Eastern pentatonic music.