How is the Qinqiang Banhu tuned, and what are the names of the inner and outer strings?

Fixed-string range

The traditional method of fixing the strings of the Banhu has two kinds, five degrees and four degrees, and the height of the strings is also different, according to the accompaniment of the opera or the singer's voice.

In the national orchestra, the Banhu is often strung according to a five-degree relationship, with the inner strings set at d2 and the outer strings set at a2, an octave higher than that of the erhu, and the range of tones from d2 to g4, which is two and a half octaves.

The strings are set in the fourth degree in the accompaniment of ancient Shaanxi opera, mainly to better express the unique style of the opera.

The three-stringed Banhu has two kinds of soprano and alto, all of which are strung in fifths, with the soprano being set at g, d1 and a1, and the alto being set at d, a and e1, and the accompaniment of the Yu Opera or Shandong Laiwu Clappers can be set in fourths, fifths or fifths and fourths.

Three-string Panhu so that the range expanded by five intervals, in keeping the original tone of the Panhu on the basis of the development of new playing techniques, enhance the expressive power, regardless of the performance of a strong national style of music or opera selections, or foreign folk music or for it to create a new song. All can receive a better artistic effect.

Fixed strings: d2--a2; range: d1--d3 (using a lower octave notation, the actual tone is an octave higher than the notation).

Extended information:

Commonly used bowing method

The Yu Opera Banhu is the main leading instrument in the Yu Opera orchestra, commonly known as the main string. It has a unique set of bowing techniques. Generally speaking, the bow is drawn to start and pushed to end. The strong beats or strong positions in the song must be played with the push bow, and the weak beats or weak positions must be played with the draw bow.

Of course, if there is a strong note that needs to be emphasized in the song, you must use the draw bow or shake the bow. -1″′ - must be played with a drawn bow and a trembling bow in order to bring out the sadness of the piece. There are also two beats of music such as | 2555 5555 | which also require the use of the draw bow to play, in order to play the effect.

But according to the word a bow method of playing down but violates the strong position for the general law of the push bow, which requires bow adjustment immediately after the bow. You can use the method of adding words to play it as | 2_55__55 5555 | This creates that the use of drawing the bow to the melody of the head of the strong play out, after adding the words of the phrase time value remains unchanged but the effect of the composer to achieve the original intention of the creation of the composition.

There are three ways of adjusting the draw bow to a push bow:

The addition of the word is played as in the example above

The shaking of the bow is played. 1.2 7 6 can be played as 1. 22 7 6.

There are three ways to play it:

Play it with a bow as in the example above

1. 2 7 6 can be played as 1. 22 7 6, and 1. 22 7 6 can be played as 1. 22 7 6. In short, once a strong beat or strong position occurs, you can use these three methods to adjust the bow, and not to continuously violate the rules of the phenomenon.

The bowing techniques are divided into: split bow, continuous bow, trembling bow, broken bow, and staccato bow. In terms of bowing techniques, one bow is usually used alternately with two bows, and three or four bows are seldom used. The broken bow is used for jumping and light notes, the staccato bow is used for short and heavy notes, and the trembling bow is used for long and strong notes.

In short, the Yu Opera Panhu in the accompaniment without a lot of difficult bow techniques, as long as the development of the beginning of the bow, the end of the push bow, the strong position of the push bow, coupled with the use of three ways to adjust the bow, you can say that your bow method is no problem. But fingering skills are important is every accompanist must not be ignored.

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