What do you mean by Tao Te Ching?

Dao De Jing dào dé jīnɡ refers to Laozi.

Shiji - Laozi Hanfei Liezhuan (史记-老子韩非列传)：Laozi (legendary around 600 years ago - around 470 years ago) was an ancient Chinese thinker. He was surnamed Li Er, Bo Yang, and was a native of Qu Ren Li, Lai Township, Bitter County, Chu (east of Luyi County, Henan Province), and some say he was also known as Laozi. Some say he was also known as Laozi. The details of his name are incomplete in the historical sources. "Guan Ling Yin Xi said, "I'm going to hide, so I'm going to write a book for me. So Laozi wrote a book of more than 5,000 words on the meaning of morality and left." Han Heshang Gong made "Laozi chapter and sentence", divided into eighty-one chapters, the former thirty-seven chapters for the "Taoist scripture", the latter forty-four chapters for the "moral scripture", so there is the name "Taoist scripture".

The Tao Te Ching, also known as Tao Te Ching, Lao Tzu, and Five Thousand Words, is a work written before the separation of the pre-Qin sons of ancient China, and was ****upheld by all the sons of the time. Legend has it that it was written by Lao Tzu Li Er (who appears to be a conglomeration of authors, commentators, and transmitters) during the Spring and Autumn Period, and is an important source of Daoist philosophical thought.

The Tao Te Ching is divided into two chapters, the original text of the upper "Virtue Ching" and the lower "Tao Te Ching", not divided into chapters, which was later changed to "Tao Te Ching" in the front and "Virtue Ching" in the back, and divided into 81 chapters. It is the first complete philosophical work in Chinese history. The original version that can be seen now is the bamboo slip Laozi unearthed in 1993 from the Kuodian Chu Tomb in Jingmen, Hubei province. the A and B two kinds of silk book Laozi unearthed in 1973 from the Mawangdui No. 3 Han Tomb in Changsha, which is the version of the early Western Han Dynasty, puts the Dejing before the Daojing, which is also valued by scholars.

The Tao Te Ching is often attributed to Taoist doctrine. In fact, the philosophical Taoism, and the religious Taoism, are not to be confused, but the Tao Te Ching, as one of the important components of the basic doctrines of Taoism, is regarded as an important classic by Taoism, and its author, Lao Zi, is also regarded by Taoism as an incarnation of Tao Te Chun, one of the supreme Three Ching Venerable Deities, who is also known as the Supreme Lord Lao Jun. Therefore, it should be said that Taoism has absorbed the thoughts of the Taoists, and that the thoughts of the Taoists have perfected the Taoism. At the same time, the philosophy described earlier does not encompass the whole picture of the Tao Te Ching (cultivating oneself and establishing one's life, ruling the country, leaving the world and entering the world).

The Tao Te Ching, with its proposition of "ruling by doing nothing," became a strategy for certain dynasties in Chinese history, such as the early Western Han Dynasty, and played a role in stabilizing early China by relieving the pressure on the people economically. Historically, the Tao Te Ching has had many commentators, and even several emperors have commented on it.

Tang Zhenguan 21 (647), translated the Tao Te Ching into Sanskrit, which was introduced into the Eastern Tianzhu; Tang Kaiyuan 22 (735), Tang Xuanzong personally annotated the Laozi. The Japanese emissary, Nayo, invited the Laozi Sutra and Laozi's "image of the Heavenly Father" to his country, which had an impact on the development of Japanese society.

Lao Zi (c. 600 BC - c. 470 BC) was an ancient Chinese thinker. He was surnamed Li Er (李耳), Bo Yang (伯阳), a native of Qu Ren Li (曲仁里) in Li Township (厉乡) in Bitter County (east of Luyi County (Henan Province) in the State of Chu (楚國苦县), also known as Laozi (老聃). "Guan Ling Yin Xi said, son will be hidden, strong for me to write a book. So Laozi wrote the next book and the next, saying more than 5,000 words on the meaning of morality and went away." Han Heshang Gong made "Laozi chapter and sentence", divided into eighty-one chapters, the former thirty-seven chapters for the "Taoist scripture", after forty-four chapters for the "moral scripture", so there is the name of the "Taoist scripture". However, the copy of Laozi unearthed from the Mawangdui No. 3 Han Tomb in Changsha in 1973, the Virtue Scripture was before the Taoist Scripture.

The Tao Te Ching was originally a masterpiece of pre-Qin Taoism. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Zhang Ling created the Five-Doumei Taoism, enshrined Lao Zi as the ancestor of the religion, taught repentance to Taoist disciples with the Five Thousand Writings of Lao Zi as the canon of the religion and made Lao Zi Wants to be Er Note to explain Lao Zi Five Thousand Writings in a religious point of view, which has become a basic classic of Taoism since then.

The Tao Te Ching of Laojunyan, Qingyuan Mountain, Quanzhou, is a philosophical poem in rhyme. The Zhuangzi world chapter" to summarize its purpose said: to the essence of the essence, to things as coarse, to have the accumulation of insufficiency, tantalizingly alone in the God's bright residence. ...... built with the constant nothing, the main ether, to moisten the weak and modest for the table, to the emptiness does not destroy all things for the real." In general, from the standpoint of the unity of man and heaven, the doctrine of "Tao" as the source of all things in heaven and earth and the highest principle of the universe is studied, and it is used as the ultimate goal to invent the human way of cultivating oneself and governing oneself. As the saying goes, "Man follows the law of the earth, the earth follows the law of the sky, the sky follows the law of the Tao, and the Tao follows the law of nature", humanism should be based on the law of the earth, and should inquire into the source and the nature of the Tao. The principle of Tao is divided into two sides: no and yes. The Tao is always without, nameless and formless, preceded by heaven and earth, ghosts and gods, and is the beginning of all things in heaven and earth; the Tao is always there, giving birth to all things in heaven and earth, with infinite uses. The reasoning of Tao runs through all things, manifesting itself in the fundamental law that all things are relative to each other and exist, and that the extremes must be reversed and the end must be returned. The use of existence is often based on nothing, and "existence is born from nothing". The saint of the human body Tao of nothing, the law of the Tao of natural inertia, to cultivate the body, when no desire and quiet, no heart and virtual, not to see themselves as self, self-flagellation and self-preservation, for not holding, not living in the success, Wyatt and Shang thrift, the real to go to the Chinese, to rule the world, when "in the matter of inertia, the line does not speak of the teachings," the return of the sword and the military, away from the fight, do not advocate the virtuous, do not cherish the rare goods, do not see the Can desire, so that the people of false heart solid abdomen, no knowledge and no desire, then do nothing to rule. "The opposite of the Taoist movement, the weakness of the Taoist use", so those who know to keep the female and embrace simplicity, concessions and humility, frustration, and light to solve the disputes, and light to sit with the soft and weak to win the strong and strong. Taoism knows the theory and political view, ethical view, generally not out of the old system. As for the scriptures that "to the extreme of emptiness, to keep quiet and certainty", "specializing in gas to achieve softness", "purging the mystery of the identification", holding a place and other cultivation, more Taoism to keep a single, the heart Qi, sitting in oblivion, serving gas, the inner alchemy of the many kinds of It is also the basis of Taoism's various alchemy techniques such as keeping unity, heart qi, sitting in oblivion, taking qi, and internal alchemy. The saying of "longevity" and "those who die but do not perish" have been cited by Taoism as the origin of the immortalism theory of longevity. The "return to the root" and "restoration of life", internal alchemy is played as the philosophical basis for internal refining and unity with the Tao.

The Tao Te Ching, which is known as the "King of All Scriptures", has had a profound impact on China's ancient philosophy, science, politics, religion, etc. Whether it is for the casting of the Chinese nation's character, but also for the unity and stability of the political process, has played an immeasurable role, and its world significance is becoming more and more significant, more and more Western scholars have spared no effort to explore the scientific mysteries, and to seek for a solution to the problems of human civilization. Scientific mysteries, seeking the source of human civilization, the depth of ancient wisdom.