Common modes of e-commerce

E-commerce mode refers to the basic way for enterprises to carry out business and obtain business income by using the Internet, and also refers to the business operation mode and profit mode based on certain technical foundation under the network environment. At present, the common e-commerce modes mainly include B2B, B2C, C2B, C2C and O2O. This paper briefly compares these five e-commerce models.

(1)B2B mode

B2B (Business to Business) refers to the business relationship established between businesses. For example, we can only buy Coca-Cola at McDonald's because of the relationship between McDonald's and its business partners. Merchants establish business partnerships in the hope of forming complementary development opportunities through what everyone provides, so that everyone's business can be profitable. Example: Alibaba, HC.

B2B model is the oldest and most developed business model in e-commerce, which can bring profits and returns quickly. Its profit comes from the reduction of various expenses brought by relatively low information cost and the benefits brought by the integration of supply chain and value chain. The transaction amount is 10 times that of the direct purchase by consumers. E-commerce among enterprises has become the focus of e-commerce. Its applications include industry organizations connecting members through EDI network, cross-industry transaction integration organizations based on business chain, online timely procurement and supply operators.

B2B e-commerce model mainly has the advantages of reducing purchasing cost, reducing inventory cost, saving turnaround time and expanding market opportunities. At present, the common B2B operation modes mainly include vertical B2B (upstream and downstream, which can form a sales relationship), horizontal B2B (focusing on similar transaction processes in the industry), self-built B2B (industry leaders use their own advantages to connect the whole industry chain in series) and related industry B2B (cross-industry e-commerce platform integrating B2B mode and vertical B2B mode). The main profit models of B2B are: membership fee, advertising fee, bidding ranking fee, value-added service fee, offline service fee, business cooperation promotion and inquiry fee.

(2)B2C mode

B2C (Business to Consumer) is a model that we often see suppliers selling goods directly to users, that is, "business to customer", which is also commonly known as commercial retail, selling products and services directly to consumers. For example, if you go to McDonald's for dinner, that's B2C, because you are just a customer. Example: Dangdang, Excellence, Excellence Kate.

The main types of B2C websites are comprehensive shopping malls (traditional shopping malls with rich products are EC-oriented), department stores (self-owned inventory, selling goods), vertical stores (meeting certain needs), composite brand stores (combination of traditional brands), service-oriented online stores (transaction of intangible goods), shopping guide engines (fun shopping, convenience shopping), online product customization (personalized service and personalized demand) and so on. The profit model of B2C mainly includes service fee, membership fee, sales fee and promotion fee.