Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional culture - In which Chinese book is the word "criticism" mentioned?
In which Chinese book is the word "criticism" mentioned?
A form of China's ancient literary criticism. For example, Lv Zuqian's Key to Ancient Chinese Prose, which originated in the Southern Song Dynasty, is a book to comment on articles, while Liu Chenweng's Shi Shuo Xin Yu, a poet in the Song Dynasty, is the origin of later novel criticism. Ye Dehui's "Lin Shu Hua Qing" records that Yuan people Liu Chenweng and Fang Hui once "discussed poems written by people in Tang and Song Dynasties". But the impact is not great. Historical Records, a five-color circle edition of Gui Youguang in Ming Dynasty, had a great influence. "If it is a whole structure, if it is a wonderful section, if it is a wave of meaning, if it is a spirit" (literature, history and arts), there are different examples. Gui Youguang has "Historical Records Review", which is divided into sections. Novel criticism began with Xiang Yu's The Water Margin, criticizing the History of the Three Kingdoms and the History of the Three Kingdoms. Each page has a short comment column. But the comments are simple and the opinions are mediocre. Li Zhi's two commentaries on Water Margin have had a wide influence in the field of novel criticism. One is that in the thirty-eighth year of Wanli (16 10), Mr. Rong Yutang carved 100 copies of Criticism of Loyalty and Righteousness in the Water Margin, and the other was that Yuan carved 120 copies of The Complete Biography of Loyalty and Righteousness in the thirty-ninth year of Wanli. Two kinds of books have a general review every time, and make a general review all the time; There are eyebrow criticism and line criticism, that is, comments on the eyebrows of the book and between the lines to express opinions on a description and narrative of the novel. Because these two commentary books have a good analysis of the thought and art of Water Margin, this way of expressing criticism has been widely popular since then. Comments on historical records, essays, poems, words, novels and operas in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Such as Zhang Zhupo's comments on Jin Ping Mei, Jin's comments on Water Margin and The West Chamber, Zhi Yanzhai's comments on A Dream of Red Mansions, and many poems. Some people also divide the colors used in comments into so-called "Zhu Pi" and "Mo Pi". The characteristics of this criticism method are: expressing opinions is relatively free and flexible, and critics can express their opinions on the ideological and artistic quality of the whole book or each chapter in the preface or general batch of the book; You can also express your views and feelings about a narrative, an event and a specific description of someone in a few words in eyebrow criticism and line criticism. Some works, often due to the comments of critics, have greatly expanded their influence. There are indeed many insightful comments on novels, operas and essays in Ming and Qing Dynasties. But there are also vulgarization and false reputation.
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