What are the characteristics of Bai nationality? Name clothes, buildings, behaviors, etc.

Houses are mainly tile houses with civil structures. The Bai people living in the dam area live mainly on rice and also eat flour. The Bai people in mountainous areas live on corn and buckwheat. I like hot and sour, cold dishes and roasted tea. Baked tea is made by putting tea leaves in a small pottery pot on a fire pit, baking them yellow, and then brewing them with boiling water. It smells good. Clothing: advocating white, white clothes are more expensive. Men usually wear white or blue buns, white double-breasted clothes or black collar shirts, white and blue trousers. When they go out, they often carry bags, and some even carry long knives. Women's wear has more national characteristics and varies from place to place. Most Dali women wrap their heads in embroidered cloth or colored towels, wearing white coats, black velvet collars, coats and blue cloth pants. They are woven at the top and embroidered with geometric patterns at the edges of the waist and hem. Women in Jianchuan area are all wrapped in black buns, their underwear is blue cloth, and they have the habit of wearing sheepskin shawls. Female jewelry includes earrings, hairpins, necklaces, rings and bracelets. Marriage custom: Young men and women can choose their own partners and get married freely. Funeral: burial. Festivals mainly include the New Year Festival, March Street, Around the Three Souls, Torch Festival, Yutanhui and so on. Etiquette: hospitality, even if it is a strange uninvited guest, will also be warmly received by the host; People often add the word "a" before their titles to show respect and kindness; When the guests come, be sure to treat them with roasted tea. White tea ceremony is generally three inverted, commonly known as three teas, that is, the first is bitter, the second is sweet, and the third is ignorance. One is pure roasted tea, the second is walnut slices, milk fan and brown sugar, and the third is honey and some peppers. Three teas are the hospitality of the Bai people to distinguished guests; When eating, the elders sit in the first place, and the younger generations sit on both sides or opposite each other in turn, adding rice and soup to the elders at any time and serving them warmly. Taboo: visiting friends or patients, not in the morning, but in the afternoon or evening. On the first day of New Year's Day, you can't visit other families. It is considered impolite to pour only half a cup of tea and then continue after drinking it. It is considered impolite for a woman to avoid outsiders after giving birth. Bai people's customs and habits

Bai people basically practice monogamy. The son separated immediately after marriage, and parents usually lived with their youngest son. Some of the landlords are big families with four generations living under one roof. People of the same family and surname don't marry, but they will marry their uncles and aunts as usual. Marriage is usually arranged by parents, so it should be appropriate. A childless woman can be adopted by her husband's wife, and a childless woman can also adopt her brother's children (adoption) or adopted children. Son-in-law and adopted son had to change their names and surnames in order to obtain the right to inherit property.

Before the Yuan Dynasty, the Bai people generally practiced cremation. After the Yuan Dynasty, due to the influence of the Han nationality, it was changed to burial. Funerals are usually grand.

Rice and wheat are the staple foods of Bai people in Pingba area, while corn and adopted children are the main foods in mountainous areas. Bai people like to eat sour, cold and spicy flavors. They are good at curing ham, bow fish, fried chicken brown, pork liver and other dishes. They also like to eat a unique "raw meat" or "raw skin", that is, roast pork half-cooked, cut into shredded pork, and served with ginger, garlic, vinegar and so on. Bai people also like to drink roasted tea.

Bai costumes vary from place to place. In Dali and other central areas, men wear white or blue baotou, white double-breasted clothes and black collars, white trousers and bags embroidered with beautiful patterns on their shoulders. Dali women usually wear white coats, black or purple velvet collars, blue wide pants, short waistcoats with embroidered ribbons, embroidered "knotted shoes", silver bracelets with enamel and silver rings on their arms, and silver earrings with three whiskers and five whiskers on the right. Married people tie their hair in a bun, while unmarried people hang it on their backs or braid it on their heads, all of which are wrapped in embroidery, printing or colored towels.

In the housing form of Bai people, the dam area is mostly "three long houses", with huts with kitchens, barns and yards, or tile houses with "one front and two ears", "three sides and one wall" and "four entrances and five patios", with bedrooms, kitchens and barns separated. Most of the mountainous areas are straw houses, "flash houses", bamboo baskets or "wooden cribs" with stables upstairs and downstairs, and cooking and sleeping places are often connected.

Religious beliefs and important festivals

White worship is equivalent to the master of the village god and believes in Buddhism. The Lord has some natural gods, some princes in Nanzhao Dali and some heroes who kill people. In the late Tang Dynasty, Buddhism prevailed in Erhai Lake area. Initially, Brahman and Tantric Yoga were introduced, and Tantric monks called them "Gui Li". Why? The name is "A Yan Li (A Chi Li)". After the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Zen Buddhism was introduced to Dali in the mainland, and Buddhist temples were spread all over the country, which made Erhai area have the title of "ancient and fragrant country" for a long time.

"March Street", also known as "Guanyin City", is a grand festival and ceremony for the Bai people. The annual summer calendar is held from March 15 to 20 at the foot of Diancang Mountain in western Dali. At first, it was full of religious activities, and later it gradually turned into a grand material exchange meeting. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, businessmen from Sichuan, Tibet and Jiangnan provinces came here to do business. After the founding of New China, March Street has developed into an annual material exchange and national sports literature and art conference. Torch Festival is another grand festival, which is held on June 25th every summer. This is an activity that the Bai people wish for a bumper harvest and prosperity before the autumn harvest. That night, torches were erected in front of every household, and a fire broke out at the entrance of the village. Red and green paper flags were inserted on them, and some auspicious sentences were written. The villagers marched in the fields with torches for a week to kill pests. In addition, there are festivals such as "Around the Three Spirits" and "Playing in the Sea".