The picture shows "Map of Northeast Industrial Zone in China and Map of Northeast Industrial Zone in the United States". Read the pictures and materials, and complete the following questions with what

The picture shows "Map of Northeast Industrial Zone in China and Map of Northeast Industrial Zone in the United States". Read the pictures and materials, and complete the following questions with what you have learned. Materials: resource exhaustion

(1) Close to the origin of raw fuel (2 points) Benefits: strengthen information exchange and cooperation; Reduce freight and energy consumption; Make full use of infrastructure and save production costs. Disadvantages: aggravate the environmental pollution in this area. (5 points)

(2) The climate is warm and cool, which is not conducive to the growth of grain and is beneficial to the planting of pasture; (2 points) The cities are concentrated, the population is dense, and the market consumption is large. (2 points)

(3)① Develop science and technology to improve the utilization rate of resources and the degree of deep processing. (2) Adjust the industrial structure, develop industries with less investment, low consumption, less pollution and high efficiency, develop emerging industries and tertiary industries, and realize diversified management. ③ Harness environmental pollution and protect urban ecology. (3 points)

Test analysis:

Question (1): The industrial areas in the northeast of China and the northeast of the United States are both world-famous traditional industrial areas. Northeast industrial zone is rich in mineral resources, such as coal, oil and iron, which provides abundant energy and raw materials for industrial development in this area. The rich iron ore in the Great Lakes region, the coal mines in the Appalachian Mountains and the cheap water transportation in the Great Lakes provide convenient conditions for the development of industrial areas in the northeast of the United States. The degree of agglomeration of the two industrial zones is quite high, and industrial agglomeration is conducive to strengthening information exchange and cooperation; Reduce freight and energy consumption; Make full use of infrastructure and save production costs. But it also aggravated the environmental pollution in this area.

Question (2), the agricultural regional type in the Great Lakes region of the United States is the dairy belt. The agricultural location factors in this area are determined by natural conditions and socio-economic conditions. The temperate continental climate in this area is cool, which is not conducive to grain growth, but to pasture planting, urban concentration, dense population and large market consumption, which determines the development of dairy industry in this area.

Question (3), combining the natural resources, location characteristics and socio-economic factors of this region, analyze its industrial location advantages and existing problems. Then propose solutions according to the problems. To achieve sustainable development, resource-exhausted cities need: ① to develop science and technology, improve the utilization rate of resources and the degree of deep processing. (2) Adjust the industrial structure, develop industries with less investment, low consumption, less pollution and high efficiency, develop emerging industries and tertiary industries, and realize diversified management. ③ Harness environmental pollution and protect urban ecology.

Comments: This question is moderately difficult. The test sites involved include the location factors that affect the industrial layout, the location conditions of developed dairy industry in the northeast of the United States, and the development outlet of resource-exhausted cities. It is not difficult, but the questions are comprehensive, which fully examines the students' ability to use what they have learned flexibly.