Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional culture - What are the different characteristics of the bronze shape and decoration of the Xia, Shang and Zhou periods?

What are the different characteristics of the bronze shape and decoration of the Xia, Shang and Zhou periods?

Summer dynasty bronze is mainly some small tools and weapons, to wine ware jennings, fian most prominent, *** with the characteristics of the vessel wall is thin, the whole shape appears thin, simple, sharp contour lines. Their three feet are mostly sharp conical foot. The flow and tail of the jue are longer. The Xia Dynasty was still dominated by pottery, and the shape of bronze wares was mostly copied from pottery. Moreover, there were no decorative attachments or ornaments on the bronze wares yet, and they were mostly plain wares. The status of the tripod at that time has become a symbol of the king's power, mostly round tripod, have not yet seen the bronze square tripod, but there are pottery square tripod unearthed. Shang Dynasty bronzes with square and round geometric shapes are the most common, but at the same time, animal-shaped bronzes also began to appear. Most of the geometric shapes appear heavy, pay attention to the proportion of each part of the coordination, to achieve balance, the center of gravity as far as possible down, in the visual cause of the effect of calmness and gravity. At this time, the bronzes began to have decorative attachments, these attachments in addition to meet the practicality, sometimes also become an effective means of regulating the overall balance. Early Shang Dynasty has appeared in the tripod, inherited from the Xia Dynasty ceramic tripod, but taller and heavier, the display of the king's momentum is far from the ceramic tripod, but the wall is still generally thinner. In the late Shang Dynasty, square ware was more common, and the conical foot of the tripod was replaced by the columnar foot, and the two ears corresponding to the two feet became the fixed form of the tripod. The Late Shang period saw a great increase in the variety of bronzes, far more than before, and was the heyday of Chinese bronze culture. During this period, the number of bronze vessels with inscriptions increased, and the number of characters ranged from one to dozens. In the early Western Zhou Dynasty, the belly of the tripod was small and large, with animal hoof feet; after the middle period, the wine vessels were greatly reduced, and new food vessels, and water vessels appeared in the plate. Sets of bronzes increased, with long inscriptions increased. Later in the Western Zhou Dynasty, the rites and music, ceremonial vessels tend to be crude, important and common tripod, Jennifer, goblet are gradually disappearing. Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, bronze casting is no longer controlled by the royal family alone, all over the vassals to create their ware, ware began to change, modeling and ornamentation are no longer as mysterious as before the Western Zhou hideous, and replaced by gorgeous and realistic secular breath, the decline of the ritual system, the vassals ambitious, the value of the human being and the human power began to be affirmed, bronze utensils into the day-to-day life and the crowd, styling style by the thick and heavy to simple and simple Lightweight.