Construction technology of external wall deformation joint?

The structure of deformation joints and expansion joints must meet the requirements of horizontal deformation of building structures. In order to prevent wind and rain from invading the room, it is required that the expansion joints of the external walls should be filled with elastic, hydrophobic and hard-to-be-squeezed materials. Commonly used materials are asphalt hemp fiber, asphalt impregnated wood fiber board, neoprene, foam plastic and so on. Joints must also be covered with galvanized iron sheet, aluminum sheet or plastic sheet. The following is an introduction to the construction technology of external wall deformation joint brought by Zhong Da Consulting for reference.

The treatment of internal wall expansion joints varies with interior decoration, and the joints can be covered with battens, boards, plastic plates and metal plates. Floor expansion joints can be filled with asphalt hemp fiber. And covered with movable cover or rubber strip to prevent dust from falling to the next floor. Roof expansion joints are covered with galvanized iron sheets, aluminum plates or precast reinforced concrete plates, with emphasis on waterproofing. For expansion joints in underground buildings and basements, glass cloth linoleum, rubber sheets, galvanized iron sheets and copper sheets are often laid on the outside or bottom of the waterproof structure layer, embedded or detachable water stops (such as rubber, plastic, metal, etc.) are adopted, and gaps are filled with asphalt mortar, asphalt hemp yarn or asphalt impregnated kapok board.

In cast-in-place monolithic reinforced concrete buildings, concrete tends to be stable after pouring for a period of time. Using this feature, the reinforced concrete structure can be divided into several sections along the long direction, with gaps left in the middle, and the joints will be poured after the first phase of construction 1~2 months. This kind of temporary temperature contraction joint reserved only during construction is called post-pouring belt, or contraction belt. The width of post-cast strip is generally 50~ 100 cm, and the joint spacing is about 20~25 meters, so it should be combined with joints as much as possible during construction. The filling material of the joint can be concrete mixed with aluminum powder.

At present, the understanding of setting expansion joints and their maximum spacing in buildings is not consistent, and the regulations and practices in different countries are also different. For example, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Soviet Union and some eastern European countries adopt strict expansion joint spacing to prevent cracks in buildings. Japan, America, etc. Temperature stress is considered in calculation, and expansion joints are generally not set. Britain and France are more flexible. Since 1950s, China has explored the theory of setting expansion joints in buildings, put forward a preliminary theoretical basis and solved some practical engineering problems.

Brick wall expansion joints are generally made into flat joints or staggered joints, and a half-thick outer wall should be made into staggered joints or tongue-and-groove joints. The outer side of the external wall is often caulked with asphalt impregnated hemp or wood board, foam plastic strip and ointment elastic waterproof material. When the gap is large, galvanized iron sheet and aluminum sheet can be used for joint filling. The inner wall can be covered with metal skin or wood strips. Floor expansion joint structure.

The location and size of expansion joints should be consistent with the deformation joints of walls and roofs. At the joint, seal the joint with compressible and deformable ointment, asphalt yarn, metal or plastic adjusting piece, and spread movable cover or rubber to prevent dust from falling. The cover joint at the ceiling can only be fixed at one end to ensure that the components at both ends of the joint can freely expand and contract. Roof expansion joint structure.

Generally, low walls are built at the expansion joints of absent people's roofs. The waterproof and waterproof board of the roof is basically the same as the conventional practice, but the difference is that the iron concrete board or tile at the joint should be allowed to expand and contract freely without causing leakage, while the roof of people here is filled with caulking ointment, and attention should be paid to waterproof treatment.

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