The children and grandchildren have not yet learned to plow and weave, but they also learn to plant melons in the shade of the mulberry tree. Which poem is that?

The children of the village are each in charge of their own home.

The children and grandchildren who have not yet begun to plow and weave learn to plant melons in the shade of the mulberry tree.

--Fan Chengda, "Miscellaneous Xing of the Fields in Four Seasons" (No. 31)

Referred Translation

The children of the village each know how to run a household, going out by day to hoe the fields and by night to knit hemp. The little children do not know how to plow and weave, but they also come near to the mulberry tree to learn how to plant melons.

Notes

①Miscellaneous Xing: feeling.

②Plowing: hoeing

③Performing hemp: twisting hemp rope or twine.

④供：担负、担任

⑤童孙：幼小的孙子

⑥傍：靠近

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Translation of the ancient poem Four Times in the Fields and Gardens

Translation: Hoeing in the fields during the day, rubbing linen threads at home at night, and the men and women in the village each have their own household chores. Although the children do not know how to plow the fields and weave cloth, they also learn to plant melons under the shade of the mulberry tree. Fan Chengda of the Song Dynasty wrote "Miscellany of the Four Seasons in the Fields" (四时田园雜兴-其三十一), which reads: "I plow the fields in the daytime and grind hemp at night, and the children of the village are each in charge of their own household. The children and grandchildren have not yet learned to plow and weave, but they also learn to plant melons under the shade of the mulberry tree. Expanded Information Background of Composition "Miscellany in the Summer Field and Garden" is the third part of a large set of idyllic poems "Miscellany in the Field and Garden in Four Seasons" written by the Southern Song poet Fan Chengda after he retired to his hometown,**** twelve poems. The poem describes the rural summer scenery and the life of farmers. The poem enthusiastically celebrates the intense and busy laboring life of the peasants with simple language and nuanced depictions. Poetry Appreciation This poem describes the labor of farmers in summer. The first two lines describe the hard work of men plowing and women weaving, and the men and women in the village each having their own chores. The last two lines describe the reaction of the child, "The child and grandchildren have not yet understood plowing and weaving, but also learn to plant melons in the shade of the mulberry tree." The child has been exposed to the activities of the adults, which have aroused his interest. But he does not know how to plow and weave, he just learns to plant melons under the mulberry shade. The child in the poem loves to work, maybe it is a momentary interest, maybe he wants to do something for his family that he is capable of, which shows the child's pure and kind heart. This is a common phenomenon in the countryside, but it is quite unique, revealing the author's praise for rural children who love labor. The whole poem has an overview and a close-up, reflecting from different sides the scene of men, women and children participating in labor in the countryside, with a strong flavor of life. Mr. Qian Zhongshu wrote in his Selected Poems of the Song Dynasty: "It was only in the sixty poems of Fan Chengda's Miscellany in the Fields in Four Seasons that he seemed to have put the three clues of July, Wygodiansha, and Tianjiaxie into a summary, giving the detached idyllic poems the scent of earth and blood and sweat. According to his affectionate observation, the rural labor and life throughout the year are distinctly portrayed in a more complete aspect, and the idyllic poem gains life again and expands its territory." "Fan Chengda can then be compared with Tao Qian, or even later than him. Fan Chengda's idyllic poems are fresh, gentle, and charming, and he is especially fond of singing about country customs, festivals, and products, and he puts the production of terroir and age in the genres of Yang Liu and Bamboo Branches, which are quite like the flavor of folk songs." Author Biography Fan Chengda, the word to be able, the self-proclaimed Shi Hu Jushi, his father Fan Nan, Xuanhe six years into the bachelor's degree, the Song dynasty after the southern ferry Palace to the Secretary Lang, quite a literary reputation. His mother was the granddaughter of Cai Xiang, a famous minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the granddaughter of Wen Yanbo, the prime minister. Fan Chengda, who came from a family of scholars, was imbued with traditional culture since his childhood, and at the age of 12, he encountered the reading of scriptures and history, and at the age of 14, he was able to write articles. Unfortunately, when he was a teenager, his family suffered a change of life, his parents died one after another, and Fan Chengda was physically and mentally devastated, and at one time he lived in a monastery, reading and chanting for fun, with no intention to achieve success in the imperial examinations, and spent 10 years of his life. With the help of his father's best friend, he was admitted as a scholar in the twenty-fourth year of Shaoxing, and began a career that lasted 30 years. After Fan Chengda's career, he served as a household counselor in Huizhou, supervisor of the Lin'an Taiping Huimin and Jiji Bureau, and a reviewer of the Shengzheng Institute of the Privy Council, the Secretary of the Ministry of Justice, the School of Books, and the Writings and Writings Lang, among other positions. Qian Dao two years, from the position of the Museum of History into the political institutions, in addition to the Ministry of the Ministry of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and then went out to know the state. In the office of the prefectural government, y concerned about the rent collection and greed of the people, the creation of the "righteous service" law, and the construction of water conservancy, and did some things in favor of the local people. Qian Dao six years, with the residence Lang fake Zizheng Hall of the University of the Kingdom of Jin. During the Jin Dynasty, Fan Chengda faced with the coercion of Jin's courtiers, always showed the unyielding spirit, so that Jin's courtiers could not help but express admiration. Fan Chengda's mission, for the Southern Song Dynasty court gained credibility, so by the Song Xiaozong's respect and the praise of the people in the court, after returning to the dynasty that was promoted to be a secretary of the Central Committee, the House of the actual record with the compiler. Afterwards, he was offended by the Emperor's face and requested to return to his hometown. In the ninth year of the Qian Dao period, Fan Chengda was once again appointed as the governor of Guangxi, and five years later he was appointed as the governor of Chengdu and the governor of Sichuan. Whether at the border, or in the minority areas, he was able to do what he could to save the day and benefit the people, paying particular attention to recruiting and selecting talented people. In 1178, Fan Chengda became a minister of government with the title of "Counselor of Government", but only two months later, he was bounced by the royal historian and returned to his home. Afterward, he was also a governor of Mingzhou and Jiankang, etc. In 1183, he retired to Shihu in Suzhou for 10 years due to illness. Fan Chengda's achievements in poetry were even more brilliant. As a famous poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, Fan Chengda, together with Lu You, Yang Wanli, and You Jiao, was known as the "Four Great Poets of the Middle Renaissance," and was highly regarded for his diverse poetic styles of freshness, gentleness, and lightness of touch. Fan Chengda wrote more than 190 poems in his life, and his poems, with the change of life experience, showed different styles and a wide range of subjects. There were poems depicting the scenery of mountains and rivers, local customs, the folklore of the time of the year, and the bitterness and happiness of farmers, as well as works focusing on the affairs of the country and expressing himself, among which the most accomplished ones were the poems expressing patriotic ideology and sentiments and the idyllic poems reflecting the rural farming and weaving life scenes with earthy flavor. He sent his feelings of life into his poems, and wrote the 60 poems of "Miscellany in the Field and Garden in Four Seasons", which has been recited for ages. Fan Chengda's "Miscellany in the Field and Garden in Four Seasons" is a collection of the great achievements of China's ancient idyllic poems. He inherited the tradition of idyllic farming poems since the Classic of Poetry, including Tao Yuanming, Wang Wei and Yuanqi, and advanced it to a brand new stage. In both breadth and depth of expression of rural life, Fan Chengda surpassed his predecessors. Baidu Encyclopedia - Four Times in the Fields and Gardens (No. 31)