Physical Education Teaching Methods in No.4 Middle School

? In the process of physical education teaching, teachers and students adopt technical teaching activities in a planned way to achieve physical education teaching objectives and complete physical education teaching tasks, which can produce the interaction between teaching and learning. So what are the main physical education teaching methods? Let's have a look!

Four methods of physical education teaching

1. Teaching method based on language information transmission

It refers to the teaching method of imparting sports knowledge and sports skills to students through teachers' oral language.

In the process of physical education teaching, the commonly used methods of transmitting information mainly through language are explanation, question and answer and discussion.

Explaining: It means that teachers use language to explain the teaching objectives, action names, action essentials, action methods and requirements to students, so as to guide students to learn and master the basic knowledge, techniques and skills of physical education for practice.

Question and answer method: also known as conversation method, is a method for teachers and students to complete physical education by oral language question and answer.

Discussion: under the guidance of teachers, students express their opinions around the central issues of the textbook in the whole class or group, and acquire sports knowledge or assist sports skills learning through discussion or debate activities.

Second, teaching methods based on direct perception

It refers to the method by which teachers make students use various senses to directly perceive objective things or phenomena and gain knowledge through the demonstration of physical objects or intuitive teaching AIDS.

The methods based on direct perception include action demonstration method, demonstration method, corrective action method, protection and help method, audio-visual guidance method and so on.

Demonstration method

It is a way for teachers (or students) to use their own actions as a demonstration to guide students to learn. It plays a unique role in making students understand the appearance, sequence, technical points and characteristics of the actions they have learned. In physical education teaching, teachers should not only pay attention to the presentation surface, but also consider the speed and distance of the presentation.

Because of the diversity of sports movements, we should pay more attention to the demonstration of movements? Demonstration surface? problem The presentation surface refers to the angle from which students observe the presentation, including the speed and distance of the presentation. The demonstration surface has a front, a back, a side and a mirror.

(1) Positive demonstration: The demonstration of teachers and students standing relatively is a positive demonstration, which is conducive to showing the essentials of teachers' positive actions, such as holding the ball in ball games.

(2) Back demonstration: The demonstration of the teacher standing with his back to the students is back demonstration, which helps to show the teacher's back movements or left-right movements, as well as movements with complicated directions and routes, and is convenient for teachers to guide and students to imitate. For example, back demonstration is often used in Wushu routine teaching.

(3) Side demonstration: The teacher's side demonstration for students is a side demonstration, which is conducive to showing the side of the action and the actions completed in the front and back direction, such as swinging the arm and kicking back when running.

(4) Mirror demonstration: A teacher's demonstration for students in the same direction as his classmates is a mirror demonstration. The characteristic of mirror demonstration is that the actions of students and teachers correspond to each other, which is suitable for the teaching of simple actions and convenient for teachers to lead and students to imitate. For example, when doing unarmed exercises, students start to complete the action by moving their left foot half a step to the left, and the teacher's demonstration action corresponds to the student's action, that is, moving their right foot half a step to the right.

Demonstration method

It is a teaching method in which teachers show all kinds of physical objects and intuitive teaching AIDS in physical education, so that students can gain perceptual knowledge through observation.

This method has been widely used in physical education for many years. Although some demonstrations are difficult, they are indispensable teaching methods in physical education class. In physical education class, the memory of action images is very important. Combined with teaching methods such as lectures and conversations, good teaching results can be achieved.

Correcting action mistakes and helping method: it is a teaching method adopted by physical education teachers to correct students' action mistakes. In physical education teaching, the improvement of students' skills is accompanied by the constant emergence and correction of action mistakes.

3. Physical education teaching method based on physical exercise

It is a method that enables students to master and consolidate sports skills and carry out physical exercise through physical exercise and skill learning.

In the practice of physical education teaching, physical education teaching methods mainly include decomposition exercise, complete exercise, comprehensive teaching method and circular exercise.

Complete exercise method

The complete method is a method of learning and practicing completely and continuously from the beginning to the end of the action, regardless of the parts and paragraphs. Does it apply to? what's up And then what? No? There is no qualitative difference between the two, or the technical difficulty of sports is not great, it is not necessary to carry out or it cannot be decomposed at all.

Problems that must be paid attention to when using integrity method;

Restrictive exercise method: an exercise method to correct action mistakes under set restrictions. For example, when practicing starting, set a certain height of diagonal bar above the students' heads, so that they can experience and master the correct action when starting under such limited conditions, and avoid the mistake of getting up and running straight too early.

Induction exercise: this is a simple and specialized exercise, similar to the learned sports skills. The selection of induction exercises should be purposeful, and attention should be paid to the consistency of muscles used and the order of exertion with the physical exercises learned. For example, when doing shoulder-elbow handstand on the mat, students can't straighten their waist and abdomen. You can hang a hanging ball above the mat to induce students to touch the ball with their toes to straighten their waist and abdomen.

Self-suggestion method: students consciously hint that they meet the requirements in practice when they are clear about the method of completing the action and pay attention to meeting certain requirements. If your hind legs are not fully pedaled during running, you should hint at attention during practice.

Auxiliary exercise: it is an exercise of simple technical movements similar to the technical structure of physical exercises learned in order to help students master difficult movements.

Decomposition exercise method: refers to the method of dividing the complete movement into several parts and carrying out physical education teaching step by step. Does it apply to? what's up And then what? No? Sports with qualitative difference or high technical difficulty, decomposable sports.

Comprehension teaching method

It is a major reform of the guiding ideology of physical education teaching methods, from emphasizing action technology to cultivating students' cognitive ability and interest. The teaching process of comprehension teaching method mainly includes six parts. Project introduction? And then what? Game overview? As the beginning of the ball game, let students know the characteristics and rules of the game, and let students have a comprehensive understanding of the game from the beginning.

The difference between comprehension teaching method and traditional skill teaching is that the teacher does not start with the basic movements, but starts with the students first? Tactical awareness training? . After the introduction of tactics, the teacher demonstrated some complicated situations and coping methods to the students in combination with actual combat. Training of immediate decision-making ability? Train students to observe the situation in an all-round way, grasp the timing of judgment and adaptability, so that students can finally judge according to the skills and tactics they have learned. Do what? Choose the best course of action? How? .

The teaching mode of understanding teaching method has the following characteristics:

(1) Proceed from the overall characteristics of the project, then return to the specific skills learning, and finally return to the overall understanding and training.

(2) Emphasis is placed on tactical awareness, which runs through all teaching links, and overall awareness and tactics are very dominant.

(3) Highlight the main sports techniques and ignore some secondary sports techniques.

(4) Pay attention to the form of competition and cultivate students' understanding of the project in competition and actual combat. Trials? Where to start? A final match? End.

Cyclic exercise method

According to the needs of teaching and exercise, we should choose some practice methods and set up some corresponding practice stations (points). Students practice and cycle step by step according to the prescribed order, route and practice requirements. It is mainly a practice method, not a teaching method, but also a teaching organization method. There are many ways of circulating exercises, mainly mobile and group rotation.

Four. Teaching method based on situation and competition

It refers to the teaching method that teachers create certain situations and competitions in teaching, so that students can cultivate their temperament, improve their sports ability and participate in sports through more vivid sports practice.

Physical education teaching methods based on situation and competition include sports games, sports competitions and situational teaching methods.

Sports game method:

Games usually have certain plots and competitive elements, and the contents and forms are varied. But it is the plot, competition, cooperation and other elements in the game that can help physical education teachers cultivate students' thinking and judgment ability, cultivate students' sentiment and exercise students' psychology, so swimming tricks are widely used in physical education.

Sports competition mode:

It refers to a teaching method of learning and practicing skills by organizing student competitions. Strictly speaking, competition is also a form of game, but there are two main differences between competition and the above-mentioned game modes: (1) There are many types of games, including competition, cooperation and performance, while competition focuses on competition; (2) Games are not limited to a certain sport, but competitions are often related to a certain sport.

Situational teaching method:

It is a lively and enlightening teaching method, which is mainly suitable for junior and middle school students, and takes advantage of the age characteristics of junior students who are keen on imitation, rich in imagination and mainly thinking in images. This method mainly follows the law of children's understanding and emotional changes.

Six strategies of strengthening physical education teaching

First, arrange in advance and talk less about the venue.

For what? Let's form a group in each row. Each group chooses a classmate as the team leader, and divides the stadium into four fields with the vertical axis and the center line as the boundary. The first group goes to the right frontcourt, the second group goes to the left backcourt, the third group goes to the left frontcourt and the fourth group goes to the right backcourt? The explanation seems clear. In fact, the venue can be arranged in advance. For example: ①, ②, ③, ④ and other marks are marked conspicuously on the arranged site. Groups ① ~ ④ were brought to the ① ~ ④ site by the team leader respectively? Yes, simple and clear.

Clear lines and orderly equipment before class are not only beneficial to the organization of classroom teaching, but also helpful to stimulate students' interest in learning and improve their initiative in practice.

Second, establish routines and talk less about mobilization.

Adoption? DuDu! ? Whistling to stop practicing is a good performance of classroom routine. ? DuDu! ? Whistle, meaning? Stop practicing and stand at attention to the teacher? . If I don't practice every time, will it work? Children, would you please stop? It is not only a waste of words, but also a waste of students' practice time.

Therefore, it is necessary to establish a simple and convenient signal command system such as gestures and whistles, strengthen training, and form a routine for physical education class to gather, stop practicing and change venues.

Third, refine the key points and move less books.

Extract the essentials of its hard action? Insert, clamp, lift, press, lift? Five words, concise and clear, easy for students to understand and remember. If you copy the essentials of forehand volleyball in the textbook for about 200 words, the lengthy explanation will make students very tired and may not remember the essentials. For example, there are only four words? Height, lift, distance and span? Can students grasp it firmly? Horizontal bar cycling before riding? The action essentials of 100.

Therefore, when preparing lessons, it is very necessary to thoroughly study the teaching materials and extract keywords and keywords from the complex technical action essentials as much as possible to facilitate students' study and simplify teachers' explanation.

Fourth, demonstration and assistance, with prominent focus.

Explain the technical action 10 times. It is better to show students 1 time. The intuition of demonstrating actions helps students to establish a complete representation of actions. After the demonstration, use less explanatory language to emphasize and supplement. Similarly, the use of wall charts or technical action screens makes it easier for students to see the various decomposition parts of the action and understand the structure of the action more clearly, which can also greatly reduce the explanation of the language.

Fifth, practice small skills and reduce waiting.

After explaining all the essentials of action, students may not master the essentials of action at once, but just do it at random, which will reduce the effect of teacher's explanation and students' practice.

Six, different guidance, reduce the collection

Students' mistakes in practice should be treated differently, and individual students' mistakes can be guided separately, so don't interrupt other students' practice. With volleyball hands in front, teachers can use it to straighten elbows, clamp, push the ground, press wrists and insert the ball in the process of students' practice? Such as using suggestive language to correct mistakes and strengthen students' correct actions. For most mistakes in school, teachers must focus on correcting them. But it should be noted that it is necessary to collect as little as possible. It is bound to take time to gather, and it will also interfere with the continuity of students' practice.