Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional culture - Is the "left hand holds the spoon, right hand holds the chopsticks" style of eating derived from Western knife and fork etiquette?

Is the "left hand holds the spoon, right hand holds the chopsticks" style of eating derived from Western knife and fork etiquette?

Chopsticks were called "chopsticks" in ancient times, and people who eat with chopsticks are mainly found in most parts of East Asia, such as China, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Vietnam, Singapore, etc. People who eat with knives and forks are mainly found in Europe and North America, and those who eat with their fingers are mostly found in the Indian subcontinent, the Middle East, and Africa. The different ways of eating have different cultures behind them.

If divided according to the way of eating, human beings can be roughly divided into three cultural circles: chopsticks cultural circle, knife and fork cultural circle and finger cultural circle. The Finger Culture Circle is the largest, accounting for about 40% of the world's population, while the Chopsticks Culture Circle and the Knife and Fork Culture Circle each account for about 30%. Differences in food culture are consistent with cultural differences.

On the origin of chopsticks, there is a legend: Da Yu, who was ruling the water, passed the door of his house three times without entering it, and could not afford to delay even a minute in eating. Once, Da Yu was cooking meat for dinner in the field, the meat in the clay pot was so hot that he couldn't grab the food with his hands, and he didn't want to waste time, so he cut down two branches and chucked the meat out to eat. After a long time, Dayu practiced the skill of picking up food with branches, and then his men followed suit, giving rise to the custom of eating with chopsticks.

The invention of chopsticks dates back at least 3,500 years to the Zhou Dynasty. According to research, eating with chopsticks not only makes one handy, but also trains the brain. Chopsticks are so flexible that they can pinch, poke, pinch, pick, break and peel ...... Physicist Li Zhengdao said: "Two such simple things, but using the principle of leverage in physics. It can do everything the hand can do, and can be said to be an extension of the fingers. And it is not afraid of heat or cold. It's really highly skillful!"

Lu Maocun in "Chopsticks Ancient and Modern" (Agricultural Archaeology, 2004, No. 1) mentioned that in February 1924, the board of directors of the Sino-French University held a meeting in Lyon, France, and the chairman of the Chinese side invited the chairman of the French side -- Ouellet, a professor at the University of Paris, to eat Chinese food. Seeing the chopsticks and spoons placed on the table, Ouellet said to Cai Yuanpei, "It's inconvenient for you Chinese to use chopsticks without knives and forks, isn't it?" Cai Yuanpei replied with a smile, "As early as three thousand years ago, our ancestors also used knives and forks, but we always think that knives and forks are weapons for killing people, and it's not very elegant to use them for eating, So from the Shang Dynasty period, we changed to use 'daggers' to cut meat and 'chopsticks' to clip vegetables. The first is to use the chopsticks to cut the meat and the chopsticks to hold the food. Later on, cooking was improved so that chopsticks could hold meat, and 'daggers' were no longer used on the table."

Ancient Greece and Rome eat with their hands, and even in the most powerful Roman period, the most fashionable way of eating for aristocrats was to lie on the bed and take food with their hands to eat. In many European and American historical movies and TV dramas, we can see that people did not use knives and forks at that time. Knife and fork mainly with Europe and the United States eat meat-based, once upon a time Europe is mainly based on animal husbandry, bread and so on is a side dish. As for the knife and fork is how through the nomadic people to the West, the West is when the use of knives and forks, there is no detailed historical data and archaeological findings.

It is widely believed that around the 15th century, in order to improve the posture of eating, Europeans only used the double-tipped fork. Because it was ungainly to use a knife to bring food into the mouth, it was more elegant to use a fork to hold a piece of meat and bring it into the mouth. Forks and knives need to be used together, and you can't have one without the other.