What kinds of car batteries are there?

At present, batteries can be roughly divided into two types: traditional lead-acid batteries and maintenance-free batteries that have just been widely used in China in recent years.

Lead-acid batteries are composed of positive and negative plates, separators, shells, electrolytes and terminals. The chemical reaction of their discharge depends on the active materials of positive and negative plates under the action of electrolyte (dilute sulfuric acid solution), in which the grid frame of the plates is made of lead-antimony alloy.

The traditional storage battery will lose liquid during use, because antimony on the grid will pollute the lead on the negative plate, resulting in excessive decomposition of water, and a large amount of oxygen and hydrogen will escape from the positive and negative plates respectively, which will reduce the electrolyte.

The maintenance-free battery is made of lead-calcium alloy. As the lead-calcium alloy is used as the grid frame of the battery, less water is generated during charging, and water evaporation is also low. In addition, the shell adopts a sealed structure, and little sulfuric acid gas is released. Therefore, compared with the traditional battery, it has the advantages of no need to add any liquid, less corrosion to wiring posts, wires and car bodies, strong overcharge resistance, large starting current and long storage time of electric energy, and it is very popular in China in recent years.

No matter what kind of battery is used for a long time, it will slowly discharge until it is scrapped. Therefore, the car should start regularly to charge the battery. Another method is to unplug the two electrodes on the battery. It should be noted that the positive and negative electrode wires should be removed from the electrode post, and the negative electrode wire should be removed first, or the connection between the negative electrode and the automobile chassis should be removed. Then unplug the plus sign (+) at the other end. The battery has a certain service life and needs to be replaced in a certain period. The same sequence should be followed when replacing, but when connecting the electrode wires, the sequence is just the opposite, first connecting the positive electrode and then connecting the negative electrode.

The storage capacity of the battery can be reflected on the dashboard. When the ammeter pointer shows that the storage capacity is insufficient, it should be charged in time. Sometimes on the way, I find that there is not enough power to start the engine. As a temporary measure, you can ask other vehicles for help, start the vehicle with their batteries, and connect the negative electrodes of the two batteries to the negative electrodes and the positive electrodes to the positive electrodes.

When starting the car, if the starting opportunity is used continuously, the battery will be damaged due to excessive discharge. The correct way to use it is to start the car for no more than 5 seconds at a time, and the interval between restarts should not be less than 15 seconds. If the car can't start for many times, find out the reason from other aspects such as circuit, ignition coil or oil circuit.

For wet batteries (lead-acid batteries), the density of electrolyte should be adjusted according to the standards of different regions and seasons. When the electrolyte is insufficient, distilled water or special rehydration should be added, and drinking pure water should not be used instead, because pure water contains many trace elements, which will have adverse effects on the battery. In addition, always check whether the hole on the battery cover is ventilated during daily driving. If the holes in the battery cover are blocked, the generated hydrogen and oxygen can't be discharged, and the expansion of electrolyte will make the battery shell burst, which will affect the battery life. Finally, always check whether there are signs of oxidation at the positive and negative poles of the battery. If there are, always water the battery wiring with hot water.