Interpretation of the meaning of ancient poetry

Ancient poetry is the general name of China's ancient poetry, which refers to the poems created by ancient people in China.

1, concept scope

Ancient poetry, that is, China's ancient poetry, refers to China's poetry works before the Opium War 1840. Its original intention is a poem written by the ancients. Broadly speaking, China's ancient poems include poems, words and Sanqu written by the ancients. In a narrow sense, ancient poetry only refers to ancient poetry and modern poetry written by ancient people.

2, including

(1) Classical poetry. This is a poetic genre. Judging from the number of words in poetry, there are four-character poems, five-character poems and seven-character poems.

(2) Modern poetry, also known as modern poetry and metrical poetry, is a genre of Chinese poetry that emphasizes fairness, antithesis and rhyme. In order to distinguish it from classical poetry, it has the name of modern style.

(3) text. Ci is a unique poetic style, which sprouted in the Southern Dynasties and is a new literary style in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the Song Dynasty, after a long period of continuous development, Ci entered its heyday.

(4) Sanqu. A form of verse that appeared in the Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty and prevailed in the Yuan Dynasty was formed under the influence of folk songs, and its syntax was more flexible than words.

(5) Modern poetry. Also known as "vernacular poetry", it can be traced back to the late Qing Dynasty, and it is a kind of poetry. Compared with classical poetry, although it is written for feeling things, it is generally informal in format and rhythm.

Formal characteristics of ancient poetry

1. Concise sentences

Classical poetry, except words and songs, is mostly neat sentences. For example, The Book of Songs is basically four words, The Songs of Chu is roughly six words plus the word "Xi", and most ancient poems and modern poems are five or seven words.

2. Peace and confrontation

"Ping" and "Nuo" are two major categories of Chinese tones. In modern poetry, poetry and songs, there are quite strict regulations on the use of flat and even words. Some positions must be in plain characters, and some positions must be in plain characters. Antithesis means that in a couplet, words in the same position in the upper and lower sentences belong to the same category.

3. Words and grammar

Each Chinese character is basically an independent unit with both form, sound and meaning, and many Chinese characters are polysemous, and the bonding relationship between words is varied. Therefore, the words used in this bonded poem are extremely complicated and diverse.

Syntactically, due to the characteristics of Chinese and the independence of Chinese characters, in classical poetry, two Chinese characters are often separated or some Chinese characters are moved from the back to the front, which is called inverted sentences.

4. Rhythm and prosody

Judging from the sentence pattern, the four words of ancient poetry are generally two and two; Five words are two, two and one; These seven words are two, two, two and one. In a sense, sometimes there are special circumstances due to ideographic needs, such as: Shila | Wuyue | Gai | Chicheng, which becomes Type II, II, I and II.