The differences between eastern and western novels can be explained in detail in a certain category. Thank you.

Milan Kundera said in The Art of Fiction:

"All the major themes of existence analyzed by Heidegger in Being and Time (he thought that European philosophy had ignored them before) have been revealed, revealed and clarified in the novels of four centuries in Europe. One novel after another, with unique novel style and novel logic, found different aspects of existence: in Cervantes' era, exploring the temple in the novel was an adventure. In samuel richardson's novels, it begins to examine "what happened in the heart" hidden in life to express emotion. In Balzac's novels, it discovers how people are rooted in history. In Flaubert's novels, it explores the soil of daily life that was unknown before that. In Tolstoy's novels, this paper discusses how irrationality plays a role in people's decisions and behaviors. Novel exploration time: marcel proust explores the past moment that cannot be grasped, and James Joyce explores the present moment that cannot be grasped. In thomas mann, the novel explores the role of myth, because the myth from the depths of distant times is remotely controlling our every move. "

Kundera did not give a clear definition or a concept to the novel, because he believed that the understanding of the novel should be open, the novel has no fixed boundaries, and the development of the novel itself is a process of constant self-proliferation. Therefore, he listed the exploration, examination and discovery of different aspects of the novel in Europe since Cervantes. No matter how the existing form of the novel and the content revealed by the thinking questions change, it is always to "explore people's specific life" and protect this specific life from "forgetting existence". Let the novel illuminate the "life world" forever. The only reason why novels exist is to discover what only novels can discover. Therefore, Kundera draws a conclusion on the value and significance of the existence of novels: "A novel is immoral if it doesn't find what was unknown at that time, and knowledge is the only morality of the novel." The novel comes from "the only sacred truth is broken down into relative truths shared by hundreds of human beings." Postmodern world.

Second,

Kundera's understanding of the essence of novels is based on the development history of European novels. "The history of novels is very long (it has nothing to do with the change of fashion), and the novels of this period are mainly characterized by exploring this or that aspect of existence." Therefore, Kundera emphasized that "the novel is the product of the whole Europe and its discovery, although it is written in different languages. It belongs to the whole of Europe. " Kundera's understanding of novels is profound, but his vision is not broad. Just as Hegel thought that there was no philosophy in ancient China, he did not look to the world outside Europe, especially the East, when discussing novels. In the art of fiction, he mentioned the novelists in eastern and central Europe most, followed by novelists in other parts of Europe. American writers mentioned it once or twice, but oriental novelists said nothing.

Third,

European novels are the exploration of existence, while oriental novels are also the discovery and clarification of existence. The exquisite beauty of "mourning things" and "mystery" in the Tale of Genji is vividly expressed. The Biography of the Giant by The Journey to the West and rabelais also embodies the spirit of carnival world and civil liberties in the form of laughter and humor, and expresses the pursuit of eternity and the ultimate significance of the world in the form of poetry in The Divine Comedy and Faust. A Dream of Red Mansions takes the myth of "mending the sky" as the cultural foundation of the full text, the original eternal world as the metaphor of "barren mountain", the transcendental world as the symbol of the illusory world, and the real world with the Grand View Garden as the representative, which shows the realistic observation, transcendental questioning and even eternal concern for human existence. The novel writes all kinds of beauty that literature and art can express with the greatest enthusiasm, such as the beauty of characters, the beauty of existence, the beauty of art, the beauty of transcendence and the beauty of spirituality. Pushed the meaning of the novel to an unprecedented height. Romance of the Three Kingdoms reveals the way of benevolence and righteousness of eastern Confucian civilization in the turbulent historical situation of a hundred years, and embodies the eternal and lofty values of justice and ethics in the rise and fall of social history. The Scholars reveals the plight of ancient intellectuals in China in a depressed society. Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio eulogizes humanity and human feelings in a symbolic and surreal way. Lu Xun's short stories criticized the ignorance, humbleness and insignificance of human nature and the spirit of self-deception. Fortress Besieged shows the paradox dilemma of modern intellectuals in love and career.

Fourth,

It can be seen that both oriental novels and western novels are discovering, revealing and expressing existence. Because of the diversity and difference of expression forms, there are different types and styles of novels, which have different themes and different forms, methods and techniques. As a result, different literary schools appeared. Due to the differences between cultural traditions and regional cultures, works of different times and periods show more differences.