What folk historical materials are there?

First of all, according to the form of information, historical materials are divided into documentary materials, physical materials and oral materials.

1. Historical documents: The earliest historical documents are not historical books, but Oracle Bone Inscriptions (the value of Oracle Bone Inscriptions's documents is confused with the meaning of early characters).

2. Physical historical materials: Physical historical materials refer to various relics, sites, buildings, inscriptions, sculptures, paintings, etc. This kind of historical data is a witness of history and a reliable source of historical knowledge, which can not only truly reflect history, but also have an intuitive image. Most of them were excavated by archaeology.

3. Oral historical materials and oral historical materials

(1) Oral historical materials (myths and legends in ancient times): Before being recorded in writing, it has certain historical value;

(2) Oral historical materials are materials that people's oral memories of the past are written or arranged into words.

Second, according to the different values of materials, it is divided into primary historical materials (direct historical materials/original materials) and secondary historical materials (indirect historical materials).

First-hand historical materials refer to historical materials that are close to or directly generated when history occurs, and can be directly used as historical materials for perspective of historical issues; Second-hand historical data refers to the research and interpretation made by future generations using first-hand historical data.

Three. Classification of other historical materials

1, intentional historical materials and unintentional historical materials

(1) Historical books, written historical writings, memoirs and public reports compiled by official organizations should belong to "intentional historical materials";

(2) Official documents, military documents, private letters, diaries, etc. It was all evidence left by people unintentionally at that time, which should be "unintentional historical materials".

2. "Official History" (official records) and "unofficial history" (folk records)

(1) official history: generally speaking, it refers to the history books recorded by court historians;

(2) unofficial history: Generally speaking, it refers to the ancient privately compiled history books, which are different from the official history and opposite to the "official history".